《中華人民共和國野生動物保護法》經1988年11月8日第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第四次會議通過,1988年12月10日國務院批准,1989年1月14日林業部、農業部發布,1989年3月1日起正式施行。國家對珍貴、瀕危的野生動物實行重點保護。國家重點保護的野生動物分為一級保護野生動物和二級保護野生動物,收錄入《國家重點保護野生動物名錄》中。
基本介紹
- 中文名:國家重點保護野生動物
- 通過時間:1988年11月8日
- 批准機構:國務院
- 實施時間:1989年3月1日
- 保護級別:Ⅰ級 Ⅱ級
名錄一覽
中 名 | 學 名 | 保護級別 | |
Ⅰ級 | Ⅱ級 | ||
獸綱 MAMMALIA | |||
靈長目 | PRIMATES | ||
Lorisidae | |||
蜂猴(所有種) | Nycticebusspp. | Ⅰ | |
Cercopithecidae | |||
Macaca arctoides | Ⅱ | ||
Macaca assamensis | Ⅰ | ||
Macaca cyclopis | Ⅰ | ||
Macaca mulatta | Ⅱ | ||
Macaca nemestrina | Ⅰ | ||
Macaca thibetana | Ⅱ | ||
葉猴(所有種) | Presbytisspp. | Ⅰ | |
金絲猴(所有種) | Rhinopithecusspp. | Ⅰ | |
Pongidae | |||
長臂猿(所有種) | Hylobatesspp. | Ⅰ | |
PHOLIDOTA | |||
Manidae | |||
穿山甲 | Manis pentadactyla | Ⅱ | |
CARNIVORA | |||
犬科 | Canidae | ||
豺 | Cuon alpinus | Ⅱ | |
Ursidae | |||
黑熊 | Selenarctos thibetanus | Ⅱ | |
Ursus arctos (U. a. pruinosus) | Ⅱ | ||
Helarctos malayanus | Ⅰ | ||
Procyonidae | |||
Ailurus fulgens | Ⅱ | ||
Ailuropodidae | |||
Ailuropoda melanoleuca | Ⅰ | ||
Mustelidae | |||
Martes foina | Ⅱ | ||
Martes zibellina | Ⅰ | ||
Martes flavigula | Ⅱ | ||
Gulo gulo | Ⅰ | ||
*水獺(所有種) | Lutraspp. | Ⅱ | |
*小爪水獺 | Aonyx cinerea | Ⅱ | |
Viverridae | |||
Prionodon pardicolor | Ⅱ | ||
Viverra zibetha | Ⅱ | ||
Viverricula indica | Ⅱ | ||
Arctictis binturong | Ⅰ | ||
Felidae | |||
Felis lybica(=silvestris) | Ⅱ | ||
Felis bieti | Ⅱ | ||
Felis chaus | Ⅱ | ||
Felis lynx | Ⅱ | ||
Felis manul | Ⅱ | ||
Felis temmincki | Ⅱ | ||
Felis viverrinus | Ⅱ | ||
Neofelis nebulosa | Ⅰ | ||
Panthera pardus | Ⅰ | ||
Panthera tigris | Ⅰ | ||
Panthera uncia | Ⅰ | ||
*鰭足目(所有種) | PINNIPEDIA | Ⅱ | |
SIRENIA | |||
Dugongidae | |||
*儒艮 | Dugong dugon | Ⅰ | |
CETACEA | |||
Platanistidae | |||
*白鱀豚 | Lipotes vexillifer | Ⅰ | |
Delphinidae | |||
Sousa chinensis | Ⅰ | ||
*其它鯨類 | (Cetacea) | Ⅱ | |
PROBOSCIDEA | |||
Elephantidae | |||
Elephas maximus | Ⅰ | ||
PERISSODACTYLA | |||
Equidae | |||
Equus hemionus | Ⅰ | ||
Equus kiang | Ⅰ | ||
Equus przewalskii | Ⅰ | ||
ARTIODACTYLA | |||
駝科 | Camelidae | ||
Camelus ferus(=bactrianus) | Ⅰ | ||
Tragulidae | |||
Tragulus javanicus | Ⅰ | ||
Moschidae | |||
麝(所有種) | Moschusspp. | Ⅰ | |
Cervidae | |||
Hydropotes inermis | Ⅱ | ||
Muntiacus crinifrons | Ⅰ | ||
Cervus albirostris | Ⅰ | ||
Cervus elaphus (C. e. macneilli) | Ⅱ | ||
Cervus eldi | Ⅰ | ||
Cervus nippon | Ⅰ | ||
Cervus porcinus | Ⅰ | ||
Cervus unicolor | Ⅱ | ||
Elaphurus davidianus | Ⅰ | ||
Alces alces | Ⅱ | ||
Bovidae | |||
Bos gaurus | Ⅰ | ||
Bos mutus(=grunniens) | Ⅰ | ||
Procapra gutturosa | Ⅱ | ||
Procapra przewalskii | Ⅰ | ||
Procapra picticaudata | Ⅱ | ||
Gazella subgutturosa | Ⅱ | ||
Pantholops hodgsoni | Ⅰ | ||
Saiga tatarica | Ⅰ | ||
Budorcas taxicolor | Ⅰ | ||
Capricornis sumatraensis | Ⅱ | ||
Capricornis crispus | Ⅰ | ||
Naemorhedus cranbrooki | Ⅰ | ||
Naemorhedus goral | Ⅱ | ||
Hemitragus jemlahicus | Ⅰ | ||
Capra ibex | Ⅰ | ||
Pseudois nayaur | Ⅱ | ||
盤羊 | Ovis ammon | Ⅱ | |
LAGOMORPHA | |||
Leporidae | |||
Lepus peguensis hainanus | Ⅱ | ||
Lepus timidus | Ⅱ | ||
塔爾木兔 | Lepus yarkandensis | Ⅱ | |
RODENTIA | |||
Sciuridae | |||
Ratufa bicolor | Ⅱ | ||
Castoridae | |||
Castor fiber | Ⅰ | ||
鳥綱 AVES | |||
PODICIPEDIFORMES | |||
Podicipedidae | |||
Podiceps auritus | Ⅱ | ||
Podiceps grisegena | Ⅱ | ||
PROCELLARIIFORMES | |||
Diomedeidae | |||
Diomedea albatrus | Ⅰ | ||
PELECANIFORMES | |||
Pelecanidae | |||
鵜鶘(所有種) | Pelecanusspp. | Ⅱ | |
Sulidae | |||
鰹鳥(所有種) | Sulaspp. | Ⅱ | |
Phalacrocoracidae | |||
Phalacrocorax pelagicus | Ⅱ | ||
Phalacrocorax niger | Ⅱ | ||
Fregatidae | |||
Fregata andrewsi | Ⅰ | ||
CICONIIFORMES | |||
Ardeidae | |||
Egretta eulophotes | Ⅱ | ||
Egretta sacra | Ⅱ | ||
Gorsachius magnificus | Ⅱ | ||
Ixbrychus minutus | Ⅱ | ||
Ciconiidae | |||
Ibis leucocephalus | Ⅱ | ||
Ciconia ciconia | Ⅰ | ||
Ciconia nigra | Ⅰ | ||
Threskiornithidae | |||
Threskiornis aethiopicus | Ⅱ | ||
Pseudibis papillosa | Ⅱ | ||
Nipponia nippon | Ⅰ | ||
Plegadis falcinellus | Ⅱ | ||
Platalea leucorodia | Ⅱ | ||
Platalea minor | Ⅱ | ||
ANSERIFORMES | |||
Anatidae | |||
Branta ruficollis | Ⅱ | ||
Anser albifrons | Ⅱ | ||
天鵝(所有種) | Cygnusspp. | Ⅱ | |
Aix galericulata | Ⅱ | ||
Mergus squamatus | Ⅰ | ||
FALCONIFORMES | |||
Accipitridae | |||
Aquila chrysaetos | Ⅰ | ||
Aquila heliaca | Ⅰ | ||
Haliaeetus leucoryphus | Ⅰ | ||
Haliaeetus albcilla | Ⅰ | ||
Haliaeetus pelagicus | Ⅰ | ||
Pseudogyps bengalensis | Ⅰ | ||
Gypaetus barbatus | Ⅰ | ||
其它鷹類 | (Accipitridae) | Ⅱ | |
隼科(所有種) | Falconidae | Ⅱ | |
GALLIFORMES | |||
Tetraonidae | |||
Tetrao parvirostris | Ⅰ | ||
Lyrurus tetrix | Ⅱ | ||
Lagopus lagopus | Ⅱ | ||
Lagopus mutus | Ⅱ | ||
Falcipennis falcipennis | Ⅱ | ||
Tetrastes bonasia | Ⅱ | ||
Tetrastes sewerzowi | Ⅰ | ||
Phasianidae | |||
雪雞(所有種) | Tetraogallusspp. | Ⅱ | |
Tetraophasis obscurus | Ⅰ | ||
Arborophila rufipectus | Ⅰ | ||
Arborophila ardens | Ⅰ | ||
Ithaginis cruentus | Ⅱ | ||
Tragopan melanocephalus | Ⅰ | ||
Tragopan satyra | Ⅰ | ||
Tragopan blythii | Ⅰ | ||
Tragopan temminckii | Ⅱ | ||
Tragopan caboti | Ⅰ | ||
虹雉(所有種) | Lophophorusspp. | Ⅰ | |
Crossoptilon crossoptilon | Ⅱ | ||
Crossoptilon aurtun | Ⅱ | ||
Crossoptilon mantchuricum | Ⅰ | ||
Lophura leucomelana | Ⅱ | ||
Lophura nycthemera | Ⅱ | ||
Lophura swinhoii | Ⅰ | ||
Gallus gallus | Ⅱ | ||
Pucrasia macrolopha | Ⅱ | ||
Syrmaticus humiae | Ⅰ | ||
Syrmaticus reevesii | Ⅱ | ||
Syrmaticus ewllioti | Ⅰ | ||
Syrmaticus mikado | Ⅰ | ||
錦雞(所有種) | Chrysolophusspp. | Ⅱ | |
Polyplectron bicalcaratum | Ⅰ | ||
Pavo muticus | Ⅰ | ||
GRUIFORMES | |||
Gruidae | |||
Grus grus | Ⅱ | ||
Grus nigricollis | Ⅰ | ||
Grus monacha | Ⅰ | ||
Grus canadensis | Ⅱ | ||
Grus japonensis | Ⅰ | ||
Grus vipio | Ⅱ | ||
Grus leucogeranus | Ⅰ | ||
Grus antigone | Ⅰ | ||
Anthropoides virgo | Ⅱ | ||
Rallidae | |||
Crex crex | Ⅱ | ||
Porzana parva | Ⅱ | ||
Porzana bicolor | Ⅱ | ||
Coturnicops noveboracensis | Ⅱ | ||
Otidae | |||
鴇(所有種) | Otisspp. | Ⅰ | |
形鴴目 | CHARADRIIFORMES | ||
Jacanidae | |||
Metopidius indicus | Ⅱ | ||
Soolopacidae | |||
Numenius borealis | Ⅱ | ||
Tringa guttifer | Ⅱ | ||
Glareolidae | |||
Glareola lactea | Ⅱ | ||
LARIFORMES | |||
Laridae | |||
Larus relictus | Ⅰ | ||
Larus minutus | Ⅱ | ||
Chlidonias niger | Ⅱ | ||
Sterna aurantia | Ⅱ | ||
Thalasseus zimmermanni | Ⅱ | ||
COLUMBIFORMES | |||
Pteroclididae | |||
Pterocles orientalis | Ⅱ | ||
Columbidae | |||
綠鳩(所有種) | Treronspp. | Ⅱ | |
Ptilinopus leclancheri | Ⅱ | ||
皇鳩(所有種) | Duculaspp. | Ⅱ | |
Columba palumbus | Ⅱ | ||
鵑鳩(所有種) | Macropygiaspp. | Ⅱ | |
PSITTACIFORMES | |||
鸚鵡科(所有種) | Psittacidae spp. | Ⅱ | |
CUCULIFORMES | |||
Cuculidae | |||
鴉鵑(所有種) | Centropusspp. | Ⅱ | |
鴞形目(所有種) | STRIGIFORMES spp. | Ⅱ | |
APODIFORMES | |||
Apodidae | |||
Hirundapus cochinchinensis | Ⅱ | ||
Hemiprocnidae | |||
Hemiprocne longipennis | Ⅱ | ||
TROGONIFORMES | |||
Trogonidae | |||
Harpactes oreskios | Ⅱ | ||
CORACIIFORMES | |||
Alcedinidae | |||
Alcedo meninting | Ⅱ | ||
Pelargopsis capensis | Ⅱ | ||
Meropidae | |||
Merops leschenaulti | Ⅱ | ||
Merops orientalis | Ⅱ | ||
犀鳥科(所有種) | Bucertidae | Ⅱ | |
PICIFORMES | |||
Picidae | |||
Dryocopus javensis | Ⅱ | ||
PASSERIFORMES | |||
闊嘴鳥科(所有種) | Eurylaimidae spp. | Ⅱ | |
八色鶇科(所有種) | Pittidae spp. | Ⅱ | |
爬行綱 REPTILIA | |||
TESTUDOFORMES | |||
Emydidae | |||
*地龜 | Geoemyda spengleri | Ⅱ | |
Cuora trifasciata | Ⅱ | ||
Cuora yunnanensis | Ⅱ | ||
Testudinidae | |||
Testudo horsfieldi | Ⅰ | ||
Manouria impressa | Ⅱ | ||
Cheloniidae | |||
*蠵龜 | Caretta caretta | Ⅱ | |
*綠海龜 | Chelonia mydas | Ⅱ | |
*玳瑁 | Eretmochelys imbricata | Ⅱ | |
Lepidochelys olivacea | Ⅱ | ||
Dermochelyidae | |||
*棱皮龜 | Dermochelys coriacea | Ⅱ | |
Trionychidae | |||
*黿 | Pelochelys bibroni | Ⅰ | |
*山瑞鱉 | Trionyx steindachneri | Ⅱ | |
LACERTIFORMES | |||
Gekkonidae | |||
Gekko gecko | Ⅱ | ||
Shinisauridae | |||
Shinisaurus crocodilurus | Ⅰ | ||
Varanidae | |||
Varanus salvator | Ⅰ | ||
SERPENTIFORMES | |||
Boidae | |||
Python molurus | Ⅰ | ||
CROCODILIFORMES | |||
鼉科 | Alligatoridae | ||
Alligator sinensis | Ⅰ | ||
兩棲綱 AMPHIBIA | |||
CAUDATA | |||
Cryptobranchidae | |||
*大鯢 | Andrias davidianus | Ⅱ | |
Salamandridae | |||
*細痣疣螈 | Tylototriton asperrimus | Ⅱ | |
*鎮海疣螈 | Tylototriton chinhaiensis | Ⅱ | |
*貴州疣螈 | Tylototriton kweichowensis | Ⅱ | |
*大涼疣螈 | Tylototriton taliangensis | Ⅱ | |
*細瘰疣螈 | Tylototriton verrucosus | Ⅱ | |
ANURA | |||
Ranidae | |||
Rana tigrina | Ⅱ | ||
魚綱 PISCES | |||
PERCIFORMES | |||
Sciaenidae | |||
*黃唇魚 | Bahaba flavolabiata | Ⅱ | |
Cottidae | |||
*松江鱸魚 | Trachidermus fasciatus | Ⅱ | |
海龍魚目 | SYNGNATHIFORMES | ||
Syngnathidae | |||
Hippocampus kelloggi | Ⅱ | ||
CYPRINIFORMES | |||
胭脂魚科 | Catostomidae | ||
*胭脂魚 | Myxocyprinus asiaticus | Ⅱ | |
Cyprinidae | |||
*唐魚 | Tanichthys albonubes | Ⅱ | |
*大頭鯉 | Cyprinus pellegrini | Ⅱ | |
*金錢䰾 | Sinocyclocheilus grahami grahami | Ⅱ | |
Aspiorhynchus laticeps | Ⅰ | ||
Schizothorax taliensis | Ⅱ | ||
ANGUILLIFORMES | |||
Anguillidae | |||
*花鰻鱺 | Anguilla marmorata | Ⅱ | |
SALMONIFORMES | |||
Salmonidae | |||
Hucho bleekeri | Ⅱ | ||
Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis | Ⅱ | ||
ACIPENSERIFORMES | |||
Acipenseridae | |||
*中華鱘 | Acipenser sinensis | Ⅰ | |
*達氏鱘 | Acipenser dabryanus | Ⅰ | |
Polyodontidae | |||
*白鱘 | Psephurus gladius | Ⅰ | |
文昌魚綱 APPENDICULARIA | |||
AMPHIOXIFORMES | |||
文昌魚科 | Branchiostomatidae | ||
*文昌魚 | Branchiotoma belcheri | Ⅱ | |
珊瑚綱 ANTHOZOA | |||
柳珊瑚目 | GORGONACEA | ||
紅珊瑚科 | Coralliidae | ||
*紅珊瑚 | Coralliumspp. | Ⅰ | |
腹足綱 GASTROPODA | |||
MESOGASTROPODA | |||
Cypraeidae | |||
*虎斑寶貝 | Cypraea tigris | Ⅱ | |
Cassididae | |||
*冠螺 | Cassis cornuta | Ⅱ | |
瓣鰓綱 LAMELLIBRANCHIA | |||
ANISOMYARIA | |||
Pteriidae | |||
*大珠母貝 | Pinctada maxima | Ⅱ | |
EULAMELLIBRANCHIA | |||
Tridacnidae | |||
*庫氏硨磲 | Tridacna cookiana | Ⅰ | |
Unionidae | |||
*佛耳麗蚌 | Lamprotula mansuyi | Ⅱ | |
頭足綱 CEPHALOPODA | |||
四鰓目 | TETRABRANCHIA | ||
Nautilidae | |||
*鸚鵡螺 | Nautilus pompilius | Ⅰ | |
昆蟲綱 INSECTA | |||
DIPLURA | |||
鋏科 | Japygidae | ||
Atlasjapyx atlas | Ⅱ | ||
ODONATA | |||
箭蜓科 | Gomphidae | ||
Heliogomphus retroflexus | Ⅱ | ||
Ophiogomphus spinicorne | Ⅱ | ||
ZORAPTERA | |||
Zorotypidae | |||
Zorotypus sinensis | Ⅱ | ||
Zorotypus medoensis | Ⅱ | ||
GRYLLOBLATTODAE | |||
蛩蠊科 | Grylloblattidae | ||
Galloisiana sinensis | Ⅰ | ||
COLEOPTERA | |||
Carabidae | |||
Carabus(Coptolabrus)lafossei | Ⅱ | ||
Carabus(Apotopterus)davidi | Ⅱ | ||
Euchiridae | |||
彩臂金龜(所有種) | Cheirotonusspp. | Ⅱ | |
Dynastidae | |||
Allomyrina davidis | Ⅱ | ||
LEPIDOPTERA | |||
Papilionidae | |||
Teinopalpus aureus | Ⅰ | ||
Bhutanitis mansfieldi | Ⅱ | ||
Bhutanitis thaidina dongchuanensis | Ⅱ | ||
Luehdorfia chinensis huashanensis | Ⅱ | ||
Parnassidae | |||
Parnassius apollo | Ⅱ | ||
腸鰓綱 ENTEROPNEUSTA | |||
柱頭蟲科 | Balanoglossidae | ||
Glossobalanus polybranchioporus | Ⅰ | ||
玉鉤蟲科 | Harrimaniidae | ||
Saccoglossus hwangtauensis | Ⅰ |