《城市交通控制理論與方法》是電子工業出版社於2017年出版的圖書，作者是王殿海。
基本介紹
- 中文名：城市交通控制理論與方法
- 作者：王殿海
- ISBN：9787121309366
- 頁數：424
- 定價：79.00
- 出版社：電子工業出版社
- 出版時間：2017年3月1日
- 裝幀：平裝
- 開本：16開
內容簡介,作者簡介,目錄,
內容簡介
本書首先介紹交通控制的基本理念、原理、思路及策略，闡述國外內的控制技術及控制系統的發展現狀，分析我國在信號控制領域所面臨的主要難題。其次，根據高、中、低三種狀態詳述區域平衡控制方法、區域協調控制方法和節點通行控制方法，構建面向交通狀態的信號控制技術體系。同時，結合我國的城市交通流特點，論述連續流和間斷流的協調控制策略及方法、變向交通的控制方法以及網路化公交優先信號控制技術及實現方法等。可為交通工程師及交通管理部門的工程實踐提供有力決策依據。
作者簡介
浙江大學建工學院教授，博士生導師。主持國家自然科學基金項目5項（其中1項為重點項目），負責國家863計畫項目2項，973計畫項目課題和國家科技支撐計畫項目課題各1項。創建了模擬電子云居民出行分布模型、模擬彈簧車輛跟馳模型，提出了模擬電路系統網路交通流理論研究新方法和無檢測器交叉口交通流量預測方法，建立了服務於混合交通控制的信號配時參數最佳化模型、交通強度測算模型和車輛轉換係數確定模型。獲得科技奧運先進個人稱號，獲第四屆高校青年教師獎，教育部高等學校優秀骨幹教師獎，被國家七部委評為首批新世紀百千萬人才工程*家級人選，被交通部評為新世紀十百千人才工程*一層次人選，被國家七部委評評為全國優秀博士後，享受國務院政府津貼。
目錄
第1 章 緒論····························································································································· 1
1.1 交通控制基本理念········································································································· 1
1.1.1 交通控制定義·········································································································· 1
1.1.2 交通控制基本原則··································································································· 1
1.1.3 交通控制目標·········································································································· 2
1.2 交通控制策略················································································································ 3
1.2.1 交通控制策略概念··································································································· 3
1.2.2 使用者策略············································································································· 3
1.2.3 開發者策略············································································································· 3
1.3 城市交通特性················································································································ 3
1.3.1 城市路網特性·········································································································· 3
1.3.2 交通流特性············································································································· 4
1.4 交通控制方式與方法····································································································· 4
1.4.1 交通控制方式劃分··································································································· 4
1.4.2 交通控制方法體系··································································································· 6
1.5 交通控制系統的構成····································································································· 7
1.5.1 交通模型與算法······································································································ 7
1.5.2 交通信息採集系統··································································································· 8
1.5.3 交通信號控制機······································································································ 8
1.5.4 通信傳輸系統·········································································································· 9
1.5.5 交通控制中心········································································································ 10
第2 章 交通控制基礎理論································································································· 13
2.1 信號控制關鍵參數······································································································· 13
2.1.1 基本參數定義········································································································ 13
2.1.2 信號相位與信號階段······························································································ 14
2.1.3 車流運行模式與損失時間······················································································· 15
2.1.4 飽和流率·············································································································· 17
2.1.5 黃燈時間的計算···································································································· 17
2.1.6 綠燈間隔時間的計算······························································································ 20
2.2 車流描述理論和計算模型··························································································· 22
2.2.1 車輛在停車線後的排隊和延誤················································································ 22
2.2.2 車輛穿越交叉口的行為·························································································· 34
2.2.3 車隊離散模型········································································································ 36
2.3 交叉口信號設定依據··································································································· 44
2.3.1 準備工作·············································································································· 44
2.3.2 基本流程·············································································································· 45
2.3.3 信號設定依據分類································································································· 47
第3 章 交通數據的採集與處理························································································ 57
3.1 交通檢測器的類型與採集原理··················································································· 57
3.1.1 檢測器類型··········································································································· 57
3.1.2 環形線圈檢測器原理······························································································ 59
3.1.3 數據採樣間隔········································································································ 62
3.2 面向交通控制的交通檢測器布設··············································································· 65
3.2.1 交通檢測器的分類································································································· 65
3.2.2 交通檢測器的設定································································································· 66
3.3 交通數據的篩選·········································································································· 67
3.3.1 交通數據篩選的基本方法······················································································· 67
3.3.2 基本篩選·············································································································· 69
3.3.3 閾值篩選·············································································································· 69
3.3.4 交通流理論篩選···································································································· 70
3.3.5 質量控制篩選········································································································ 71
3.4 交通數據的修復·········································································································· 72
3.4.1 基於時間序列的數據修復······················································································· 72
3.4.2 基於歷史數據的數據修復······················································································· 73
3.4.3 基於空間位置的數據修復······················································································· 73
3.4.4 基於時空相關性的數據修復···················································································· 74
3.5 交通數據的預測·········································································································· 75
3.5.1 歷史數據生成········································································································ 75
3.5.2 無歷史數據預測···································································································· 75
3.5.3 有歷史數據預測···································································································· 76
3.6 交通數據的處理流程··································································································· 76
3.6.1 交通數據預處理流程······························································································ 76
3.6.2 實例驗證·············································································································· 77
3.7 單線圈檢測器速度估計方法······················································································· 78
3.7.1 單線圈檢測器速度估計的基本原理·········································································· 78
3.7.2 速度估計的回歸模型······························································································ 80
3.7.3 基於模糊神經網路的速度估計方法·········································································· 82
3.7.4 速度的最大似然估計方法······················································································· 85
第4 章 網路交通狀態判別方法························································································ 91
4.1 基於固定檢測器信息的排隊長度估計方法································································ 91
4.1.1 基於單點信息的排隊最遠點估計方法······································································ 91
4.1.2 單點排隊檢測的修正······························································································ 97
4.1.3 基於相鄰路段信息的路段排隊長度估計··································································· 99
4.2 過飽和排隊條件閾值估計方法················································································· 107
4.2.1 簡單情形下的交通流動力學·················································································· 107
4.2.2 基本連線的分解·································································································· 109
4.2.3 複雜情況下的過飽和臨界條件···············································································110
4.3 基於二流理論的路網巨觀交通狀態判別方法·························································· 120
4.3.1 二流理論概述······································································································ 121
4.3.2 巨觀交通狀態參數······························································································· 122
4.3.3 巨觀交通狀態參數映射關係·················································································· 123
4.3.4 模型套用············································································································ 127
4.4 區域交通狀態級別劃分····························································································· 136
4.4.1 區域交通狀態級別劃分概述·················································································· 136
4.4.2 區域路網巨觀交通狀態參數確定··········································································· 138
4.4.3 區域交通狀態級別劃分方法·················································································· 140
第5 章 交通控制子區動態劃分技術············································································· 143
5.1 交通控制子區動態劃分策略····················································································· 143
5.1.1 子區劃分環境······································································································ 143
5.1.2 子區劃分與信號配時的聯繫·················································································· 145
5.1.3 子區劃分目標集·································································································· 148
5.2 交叉口關聯度模型····································································································· 150
5.2.1 排隊長度關聯度模型···························································································· 151
5.2.2 通行能力關聯度模型···························································································· 151
5.2.3 延誤時間關聯度模型···························································································· 152
5.2.4 綠燈效率關聯度模型···························································································· 176
5.3 交通控制子區動態劃分算法····················································································· 176
5.3.1 路網元素表達······································································································ 177
5.3.2 子區初始劃分算法······························································································· 180
5.3.3 子區動態調整算法······························································································· 185
第6 章 未飽和狀態交通信號最佳化控制技術································································ 192
6.1 信號周期最佳化基本理論····························································································· 192
6.1.1 理想信號周期······································································································ 192
6.1.2 最佳信號周期······································································································ 193
6.1.3 實用信號周期······································································································ 194
6.2 最大和最小信號周期································································································· 195
6.3 基於交通強度的信號周期確定················································································· 196
6.3.1 交通強度概念······································································································ 196
6.3.2 相位交通強度確定······························································································· 196
6.3.3 交叉口交通強度確定···························································································· 197
6.3.4 交通強度與周期的關係························································································ 197
6.4 綠信比與綠燈時間確定方法····················································································· 199
6.4.1 關鍵車流判斷方法······························································································· 199
6.4.2 綠信比確定方法·································································································· 204
6.4.3 綠燈時間確定方法······························································································· 204
6.5 單點感應控制參數確定方法····················································································· 205
6.5.1 感應控制基本原理······························································································· 205
6.5.2 感應控制基本參數確定方法·················································································· 205
6.6 混合交通控制參數最佳化方法····················································································· 209
6.6.1 非機動車交通流基本參數····················································································· 209
6.6.2 非機動車交通流基本參數統計特性·········································································211
6.6.3 混合交通流信號配時最佳化方法·············································································· 214
6.7 協同控制相位差最佳化方法························································································· 224
6.7.1 基於最大綠波帶的相位差最佳化方法········································································ 224
6.7.2 基於最小延誤的相位差最佳化方法··········································································· 234
6.8 協調控制方案的平滑過渡方法················································································· 248
6.8.1 方案平滑過渡的必要性························································································ 248
6.8.2 消耗時間的定義·································································································· 249
6.8.3 平滑過渡方法······································································································ 249
第7 章 飽和狀態交通信號最佳化控制技術···································································· 253
7.1 集群過飽和狀態下的平衡控制技術········································································· 253
7.1.1 區域平衡控制的基本思想····················································································· 253
7.1.2 區域瓶頸極限狀態閾值確定方法··········································································· 254
7.1.3 有效路徑篩選方法······························································································· 255
7.2 孤立過飽和下的瓶頸控制技術················································································· 261
7.2.1 瓶頸控制流程······································································································ 261
7.2.2 單點瓶頸狀態識別方法························································································ 262
7.2.3 瓶頸狀態結束條件······························································································· 276
7.2.4 面向單點瓶頸的瓶頸控制參數最佳化方法································································· 279
第8 章 公交優先信號控制技術······················································································ 290
8.1 公交優先信號控制策略····························································································· 290
8.1.1 公交優先信號控制目標························································································ 290
8.1.2 公交優先信號控制方式························································································ 290
8.1.3 公交信息檢測方法······························································································· 291
8.2 單點公交優先信號控制····························································································· 291
8.2.1 單點主動公交優先信號控制·················································································· 291
8.2.2 單點被動公交優先信號控制·················································································· 305
8.3 幹線公交優先信號控制····························································································· 308
8.3.1 基於公車延誤的幹線公交優先信號控制······························································ 309
8.3.2 基於運行時刻表的幹線公交優先信號控制······························································ 314
第9 章 城市快速路匝道控制·························································································· 323
9.1 城市快速路的基本特性····························································································· 323
9.1.1 道路特性············································································································ 323
9.1.2 銜接形式············································································································ 324
9.1.3 匝道類型············································································································ 327
9.1.4 交通流特性········································································································· 330
9.1.5 匝道擁堵成因分析······························································································· 331
9.2 城市快速路的控制策略····························································································· 335
9.2.1 基本思想············································································································ 335
9.2.2 控制目標············································································································ 336
9.2.3 控制策略············································································································ 336
9.2.4 控制範圍············································································································ 339
9.2.5 控制方式············································································································ 341
9.2.6 檢測器布設········································································································· 346
9.3 城市快速路的單點控制····························································································· 348
9.3.1 單入口匝道控制·································································································· 348
9.3.2 單出口匝道控制·································································································· 359
9.4 城市快速路匝道的協調控制····················································································· 367
9.4.1 成對出入口匝道的協調控制·················································································· 367
9.4.2 多入口匝道的協調控制························································································ 372
9.4.3 面向擁擠疏散的匝道協調控制·············································································· 373
9.5 城市快速路與銜接道路的最佳化式協調控制······························································ 376
9.5.1 入口匝道與銜接道路上游交叉口的協調控制·························································· 377
9.5.2 出口匝道與銜接道路下游交叉口的協調控制·························································· 380
9.5.3 出入口匝道與銜接道路的協同最佳化控制································································· 384
9.6 城市快速路與銜接道路的觸髮式協調控制······························································ 389
9.6.1 觸髮式協調控制內涵···························································································· 389
9.6.2 觸髮式協調控制實現框架····················································································· 391
9.6.3 觸發檢測器布設·································································································· 392
9.6.4 觸髮式協調控制主流程························································································ 395
9.6.5 觸髮式協調控制核心算法····················································································· 397
9.6.6 仿真測試方案設計······························································································· 402
9.6.7 仿真測試結果分析······························································································· 404
參考文獻·································································································································· 410
