國中文言文逐句註解

國中文言文逐句註解

文先生《國中文言文逐句註解》是一本由陝西三秦出版社出版,專講國中文言文的教輔圖書,主編是陳星。

基本介紹

  • 書名:國中文言文逐句註解
  • 作者:陳星
  • 類別:教輔圖書
  • 出版社:陝西三秦出版社
  • 頁數:407 頁
  • 定價:79.80 元
  • ISBN:9787551823661
內容簡介,圖書目錄,

內容簡介

一、我們為什麼要重視乎熱尋槓文言文學習
從2017年起,全國開始逐漸啟用部編版國中語文教材。此次的新教材中,最引人注目的改動無疑是文言文所 占篇幅的大大增加。新的部編版教材共入選古詩文75篇,占全部課文數的49.3%,其中文言文篇目高達39篇,占據古詩文的“半壁江山”。此外,隨著教材的改動,中考語文的文言文分值也隨之提高。但據某市2020年中考語文 統計數據來看,學生在這部分的失分情況卻比較嚴重,總計12分的文言文閱讀題,能夠拿到高分的學生寥寥無幾。其中,失分最多的地方集中在虛詞辨析和句子翻譯版塊。在當下教育改革不斷深化,對傳統文化的重視程度越來越高的大環境下,如何解決學生文言文基礎弱、文章讀不懂、考試失分嚴重的現狀,成了教師教學和學生自主學習文言文的最大難題。
二、學生在學習文言文時存在哪些問題
通過對中考學生的調研,我們發現,學生在文言文學習上並沒有什麼明確的方法,答題時大多數是以“蒙”“猜”決定答案。根據調研中國中語文老師的反饋來看,學生的問題主要集中在實詞和虛詞區分不清、虛詞解釋混淆、語法知識欠缺和文章翻譯不合邏輯這幾點上。從國小淺顯地初識文言文,突然上升到要對文言文作注釋、嘗試翻譯、理解文意的國中程度,這對於一些文言文基礎弱的學生來說,確實是一個很想解決又很難解決的問題。面對這樣的困境,教輔圖書就成了很多學生的首選。
三、面對這些問題,傳統的教輔圖書是怎樣做的
遺憾的是,對國中文言文進行知識歸類和詳細解讀的教輔圖書並不多,其中大部分還停留在對文章簡要意譯的階段。不僅如此,文言文教輔書同質化現象也很嚴重,無論是內容上還是形式上,都有許多雷同之處。更讓人痛心疾首的是,國中文言文教輔圖書在質芝企甩背量上良莠不齊。首先,市場上文言文教輔中有些辭彙的解釋並不嚴謹;大多數隻對部分“難詞”和教材上已注釋過的辭彙進行了解釋,忽略了學生需要從簡單辭彙學起、夯實基礎的最基本訴求。其次,幾乎所有的文言文教輔書對課後題的處理都只是簡單地給出了答案,忽視了引導學生進行思考的重要性。甚至還有輔導書只是將現有的“知識”堆砌在一起,不注重整篇文章的前後連貫與呼應。所以這類書對學生在文言文學習上並沒有什麼幫助。
四、我們這本《國中文言文逐句註解》又是如何做的
別人怎樣做我們無法插手,但是作為專注古詩文教學及考試研究的“文先生”品牌絕不會讓這種事情發生。
針對前面提到的學生學習文言文時存在的問題,我們在這本書中設定了籃道戰以下幾個版塊,來幫助同學們打好文組乘櫃言文基礎、掌握學習方法。
1.“課前導入”趣味漫畫,激發興放愚漏趣。
興趣是最好的老師,也是做好一件事最大的動力。為了幫助同學們理解課文,同時提高學習文言文的興趣,我們特地在講解一篇文章前,用一幅與本篇課文有關的小漫畫,帶領同學們走進這篇文言文的世界。這些漫畫都是根據課文內容或真實歷史事件改編而成,每一個人物的面貌、著裝和配飾也是在力求還原真實的基礎上進行的二次創作。同時,在漫畫下面,我們還設定了“文先生”和“文小白”對話框,借“文小白”之口,問出同學們在漫畫中的疑惑;借“文先生”之口,解答同學們內心留存的問題。相信新穎有趣的畫風和輕鬆詼諧的語言,能夠幫助同學們進一步戰勝對文言文學習的恐懼,讓知識淵博的“文先生”帶同學們開啟本課的學習之旅。
課前導入課前導入
2.“逐句註解”逐詞逐句,精解文章。
文言文之所以那么難,關鍵就在於它遣詞造句的章法與現代漢語相差甚遠。如果能夠熟知文言文中實詞和虛詞在句中表示什麼意思,並能準確把握它們之間的組合規律,也就是釐清每個句子的語法結構,那么文言文將變得不再晦澀難懂。為了幫助同學們真正夯實文言文基礎,我們在“文先生講課文”環節,對整篇課文進行了“逐句註解辭彙,逐句剖析語法”處理從詞性、用法、詞義、例句等方面一句一句地深入講解每一個重難點辭彙,不僅帶同學們識記詞義,還教同學們字詞套用;從句式、結構、成分、關係等方面一句一句地詳細講解每一個語法知識點,在把握辭彙組合規律的基礎上,幫助同學們讀懂句子含義。。
逐詞逐句精解文章逐詞逐句精解文章
3.“背景拓展”課內延伸、課外拓展享采。
語言的學習離不開相應的社會環境,無論是古人的社會結構、政治制度,還是古代的生活習慣、文化形態,對於同學們來說,都是理解一篇文言文的障礙。考慮到同學們學業壓力疊恥汽較大,可能沒有時間進行課外閱讀,對文章的背景故事缺乏了解的途徑。所以,我們除了對詞法和句法進行補充外,還對文章作者、所選取的作品以及時代背景進行了解讀。相信在“文先生談作品”這一版塊的幫助下,同學們能夠事半功倍地理解課文內容。
背景拓展背景拓展
4.“習題精講”思路為主,解答為輔。
語言不僅是溝通交流的工具,更是我們邏輯思維的外在呈現。無論什麼類型的考試,除了考查我們對基本知識的掌握程度,更多的是考查我們思考問題、解決問題的能力。因此,我們對每一篇課文的課後題部分都採用了簡單直觀的“問—析—答”三步結構來進行解讀。我們與其他教輔圖書不一樣,我們並不滿足於簡單地只給出答案,因為我們深知“授人以魚不如授人以漁”。
習題精講習題精講
不會答題,沒有解題思路,這些都沒關係,在“析”這一部分,我們不僅會分析這道題考查的範圍是什麼、主要的破題點在哪裡,也會根據問題的不同,從文章的內容、背景、文意等各個方面,幫助同學們梳理答題思路。我們力求讓同學們在“文先生解習題”的幫助下,能夠形成屬於自己的解題思維。
有了以上一套“連招”,相信同學們一定能夠打牢文言文基礎。看懂文章,學會做題,實現輕鬆學習
荀子有言:“假輿馬者,非利足也,而致千里;假舟楫者,非能水也,而絕江河。”在學習過程中,適當地藉助外在力量,永遠比一個人埋頭苦讀的效果要好。希望文言文基礎薄弱的各位同學,能夠通過學習這本《國中文言文逐句註解》,從“怕做文言文”到“愛上文言文”,最後“戰勝文言文”,最終以高分成績考入自己理想的高中

圖書目錄

七年級·上
《世說新語》二則 ·····························1
詠雪 ·····················································1
陳太丘與友期行 ·································5
《論語》十二章 ·································13
誡子書 ·················································25
狼 ·························································32
《寓言四則》(其二) ·····················45
穿井得一人 ·········································45
杞人憂天 ·············································50
七年級·下
孫權勸學 ·············································59
賣油翁 ·················································67
短文兩篇 ·············································76
陋室銘 ·················································76
愛蓮說 ·················································81
河中石獸 ·············································88
八年級·上
三峽 ·····················································100
短文二篇 ·············································110
答謝中書書 ·········································110
記承天寺夜遊 ·····································114
與朱元思書 ·········································120
《孟子》三章 ·····································131
得道多助,失道寡助 ·························131
富貴不能淫 ·········································136
生於憂患,死於安樂 ·························142
愚公移山 ·············································150
周亞夫軍細柳 ·····································164
八年級·下
桃花源記 ·············································177
小石潭記 ·············································194
核舟記················································· 204
《莊子》二則····································· 218
北冥有魚 ·············································218
莊子與惠子游於濠梁之上 ·················224
《禮記》二則 ·····································231
雖有嘉肴 ·············································231
大道之行也 ··········································234
馬說 ······················································242
九年級·上
岳陽樓記 ··············································250
醉翁亭記 ··············································267
湖心亭看雪 ··········································281
九年級·下
魚我所欲也 ···········································290
唐雎不辱使命 ·······································302
送東陽馬生序 ·······································316
曹劌論戰 ···············································337
鄒忌諷齊王納諫 ···································352
陳涉世家 ···············································364
出師表 ···················································389
2.“逐句註解”逐詞逐句,精解文章。
文言文之所以那么難,關鍵就在於它遣詞造句的章法與現代漢語相差甚遠。如果能夠熟知文言文中實詞和虛詞在句中表示什麼意思,並能準確把握它們之間的組合規律,也就是釐清每個句子的語法結構,那么文言文將變得不再晦澀難懂。為了幫助同學們真正夯實文言文基礎,我們在“文先生講課文”環節,對整篇課文進行了“逐句註解辭彙,逐句剖析語法”處理從詞性、用法、詞義、例句等方面一句一句地深入講解每一個重難點辭彙,不僅帶同學們識記詞義,還教同學們字詞套用;從句式、結構、成分、關係等方面一句一句地詳細講解每一個語法知識點,在把握辭彙組合規律的基礎上,幫助同學們讀懂句子含義。。
逐詞逐句精解文章逐詞逐句精解文章
3.“背景拓展”課內延伸、課外拓展。
語言的學習離不開相應的社會環境,無論是古人的社會結構、政治制度,還是古代的生活習慣、文化形態,對於同學們來說,都是理解一篇文言文的障礙。考慮到同學們學業壓力較大,可能沒有時間進行課外閱讀,對文章的背景故事缺乏了解的途徑。所以,我們除了對詞法和句法進行補充外,還對文章作者、所選取的作品以及時代背景進行了解讀。相信在“文先生談作品”這一版塊的幫助下,同學們能夠事半功倍地理解課文內容。
背景拓展背景拓展
4.“習題精講”思路為主,解答為輔。
語言不僅是溝通交流的工具,更是我們邏輯思維的外在呈現。無論什麼類型的考試,除了考查我們對基本知識的掌握程度,更多的是考查我們思考問題、解決問題的能力。因此,我們對每一篇課文的課後題部分都採用了簡單直觀的“問—析—答”三步結構來進行解讀。我們與其他教輔圖書不一樣,我們並不滿足於簡單地只給出答案,因為我們深知“授人以魚不如授人以漁”。
習題精講習題精講
不會答題,沒有解題思路,這些都沒關係,在“析”這一部分,我們不僅會分析這道題考查的範圍是什麼、主要的破題點在哪裡,也會根據問題的不同,從文章的內容、背景、文意等各個方面,幫助同學們梳理答題思路。我們力求讓同學們在“文先生解習題”的幫助下,能夠形成屬於自己的解題思維。
有了以上一套“連招”,相信同學們一定能夠打牢文言文基礎。看懂文章,學會做題,實現輕鬆學習
荀子有言:“假輿馬者,非利足也,而致千里;假舟楫者,非能水也,而絕江河。”在學習過程中,適當地藉助外在力量,永遠比一個人埋頭苦讀的效果要好。希望文言文基礎薄弱的各位同學,能夠通過學習這本《國中文言文逐句註解》,從“怕做文言文”到“愛上文言文”,最後“戰勝文言文”,最終以高分成績考入自己理想的高中

圖書目錄

七年級·上
《世說新語》二則 ·····························1
詠雪 ·····················································1
陳太丘與友期行 ·································5
《論語》十二章 ·································13
誡子書 ·················································25
狼 ·························································32
《寓言四則》(其二) ·····················45
穿井得一人 ·········································45
杞人憂天 ·············································50
七年級·下
孫權勸學 ·············································59
賣油翁 ·················································67
短文兩篇 ·············································76
陋室銘 ·················································76
愛蓮說 ·················································81
河中石獸 ·············································88
八年級·上
三峽 ·····················································100
短文二篇 ·············································110
答謝中書書 ·········································110
記承天寺夜遊 ·····································114
與朱元思書 ·········································120
《孟子》三章 ·····································131
得道多助,失道寡助 ·························131
富貴不能淫 ·········································136
生於憂患,死於安樂 ·························142
愚公移山 ·············································150
周亞夫軍細柳 ·····································164
八年級·下
桃花源記 ·············································177
小石潭記 ·············································194
核舟記················································· 204
《莊子》二則····································· 218
北冥有魚 ·············································218
莊子與惠子游於濠梁之上 ·················224
《禮記》二則 ·····································231
雖有嘉肴 ·············································231
大道之行也 ··········································234
馬說 ······················································242
九年級·上
岳陽樓記 ··············································250
醉翁亭記 ··············································267
湖心亭看雪 ··········································281
九年級·下
魚我所欲也 ···········································290
唐雎不辱使命 ·······································302
送東陽馬生序 ·······································316
曹劌論戰 ···············································337
鄒忌諷齊王納諫 ···································352
陳涉世家 ···············································364
出師表 ···················································389

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