危險性描述

危險性描述(Risk codes)又稱危險代碼。許多國家提供的化學品數據表含有標誌某種“危險信息”的代碼,比如R23、R45 等。這些危險信息代碼告訴使用者如何取用和存放這些化學試劑

基本介紹

  • 中文名:危險性描述
  • 外文名:Risk Codes
  • 適用領域:化學
  • 適用性:全球通用
概念,單一描述代碼,複合描述代碼,

概念

危險性描述是一個集合概念,一種化學品可以含有多個危險性描述。與危險性描述相關的還有安全性描述。

單一描述代碼

這些代碼都只有一個數字標識,表示一種獨立的危險性。
危險代碼代碼意義
R01
Explosive when dry.
乾燥時有爆炸性。
R02
Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
衝擊摩擦著火或其他引燃源有爆炸危險。
R03
Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition.
受衝擊、摩擦、著火或其他引燃源有極高爆炸危險。
R04
Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds.
生成極敏感的爆炸性金屬化合物
R05
Heating may cause an explosion.
受熱可能引起爆炸。
R06
Explosive with or without contact with air.
空氣或未與空氣接觸發生爆炸。
R07
May cause fire.
可能引起火災。
R08
Contact with combustible material may cause fire.
可燃物料接觸可能引起火災。
R09
Explosive when mixed with combustible material.
與可燃物料混合時發生爆炸。
R10
Flammable.
易燃的。
R11
Highly flammable.
高度易燃的。
R12
Extremely flammable.
極易燃的。
R13
Extremely flammableliquefiedgas.
極端易燃的液化氣體
R14
Reacts violently with water.
猛烈反應。
R15
Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases.
與水接觸釋放出極易燃氣體
R16
Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances.
氧化性物質混合時發生爆炸。
R17
Spontaneously flammable in air.
在空氣中易自燃
R18
In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture.
使用中可能形成易燃/爆炸性蒸氣空氣混合物。
R19
May form explosive peroxides.
可能生成爆炸性過氧化物
R20
Harmful by inhalation.
吸入有害。
R21
Harmful in contact with skin.
與皮膚接觸是有害的。
R22
Harmful if swallowed.
吞食是有害的。
R23
Toxic by inhalation.
吸入有害。
R24
Toxic in contact with skin.
與皮膚接觸有毒。
R25
Toxic if swallowed
吞食有毒.
R26
Very toxic by inhalation.
吸入有極高毒性。
R27
Very toxic in contact with skin.
與皮膚接觸有極高毒性。
R28
Very toxic if swallowed.
吞食有極高毒性。
R29
Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
與水接觸釋放出有毒氣體。
R30
Can become highly flammable in use.
使用會變為高度易燃。
R31
Contact with acids liberates toxic gas.
接觸釋放出有毒氣體。
R32
Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas.
與酸接觸釋放出極高毒性氣體。
R33
Danger of cumulative effects.
有累積作用危險。
R34
Causes burns.
引起灼傷
R35
Causes severe burns.
引起嚴重灼傷。
R36
Irritating to eyes.
刺激眼睛
R37
Irritating to respiratory system.
刺激呼吸系統
R38
Irritating to skin.
刺激皮膚。
R39
Danger of very serious irreversible effects.
有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R40
Possible risks of irreversible effects.
可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R41
Risk of serious damage to eyes.
對眼睛有嚴重損害的風險。
R42
May cause sensitization by inhalation.
吸入可能引起過敏
R43
May cause sensitization by skin contact.
皮膚接觸可能引起過敏。
R44
Risk of explosion if heated under confinement.
在封閉情況下加熱有爆炸危險。
R45
May cause cancer.
可能致癌
R46
May cause heritable genetic damage.
可能造成不可逆的遺傳損害。
R47
May cause birth defects.
可能引起出生缺陷。
R48
Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure.
長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R49
May cause cancer by inhalation.
吸入可能致癌。
R50
Very toxic to aquatic organisms.
水生生物有極高毒性。
R51
Toxic to aquatic organisms.
對水生生物是有毒的。
R52
Harmful to aquatic organisms.
對水生生物是有害的。
R53
May cause long-term adverse effects in aquatic environment.
可能在水生環境中造成長期不利影響。
R54
Toxic to flora.
植物群有毒。
R55
Toxic to fauna.
動物群有毒。
R56
Toxic to soil organisms.
對土壤中生物有毒。
R57
Toxic to bees.
蜜蜂有毒。
R58
May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment.
可能在環境中造成長期不利影響。
R59
Dangerous for the ozone layer.
臭氧層有危害。
R60
May impair fertility.
可能損傷生育力
R61
May cause harm to the unborn child.
可能對未出生嬰兒造成危害。
R62
Possible risk of impaired fertility.
可能有損傷生育力的危險。
R63
Possible risk of harm to the unborn child.
可能有損害未出生嬰兒的危險。
R64
May cause harm to breastfed babies.
可能對哺乳嬰兒造成危害。
R65
Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed.
有害的:吞食可能造成部損害。
R66
May cause skin dry and chapped with repeated exposure.
反覆接觸可能導致皮膚乾燥或皴裂
R67
Steam may cause somnolence and faint.
蒸汽可能導致嗜睡昏厥
R68
Possible risk of irretrievable effects.
可能有不可挽回的作用的危險。

複合描述代碼

這些代碼由以上的兩種或更多構成,一般寫在化學品危險性描述的單一代碼後面。
危險代碼代碼意義
R14/15
Reacts violently with water, liberating highly flammable gases.
與水猛烈反應,釋放出極易燃氣體。
R15/29
Contact with water liberates toxic, highly flammable gas.
與水接觸釋放出有毒的,極易燃氣體。
R20/21
Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin.
吸入和與皮膚接觸是有害的。
R20/21/22
Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
吸入、與皮膚接觸和吞食是有害的。
R20/22
Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
吸入和吞食是有害的。
R21/22
Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed.
與皮膚接觸和吞食是有害的。
R23/24
Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin.
吸入和與皮膚接觸是有毒的。
R23/24/25
Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
吸入、與皮膚接觸和吞食是有毒的。
R23/25
Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
吸入和吞食是有毒的。
R24/25
Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed.
與皮膚接觸和吞食是有毒的。
R26/27
Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin.
吸入和與皮膚接觸有極高毒性。
R26/27/28
Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
吸入、與皮膚接觸和吞食有極高毒性。
R26/28
Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
吸入和吞食有極高毒性。
R27/28
Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed.
與皮膚接觸和吞食有極高毒性。
R36/37
Irritating to eyes and respiratory system.
刺激眼睛和呼吸系統。
R36/37/38
Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
刺激眼睛、呼吸系統和皮膚。
R36/38
Irritating to eyes and skin.
刺激眼睛和皮膚。
R37/38
Irritating to respiratory system and skin.
刺激呼吸系統和皮膚。
R39/23
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation.
有毒的:經吸入有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/23/24
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin.
有毒的:經吸入和與皮膚接觸有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/23/24/25
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有毒的:經吸入、與皮膚接觸和吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/23/25
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed.
有毒的:經吸入和吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/24
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin.
有毒的:與皮膚接觸有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/24/25
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有毒的:與皮膚接觸和吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/25
Toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed.
有毒的:吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/26
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation.
極高毒性:經吸入有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/26/27
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin.
極高毒性:經吸入和與皮膚接觸有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/26/27/28
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
極高毒性:經吸入、與皮膚接觸和吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/26/28
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed.
極高毒性:經吸入和吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/27
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin.
極高毒性:與皮膚接觸有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/27/28
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed.
極高毒性:與皮膚接觸和吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R39/28
Very toxic : danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed.
極高毒性:吞食有極嚴重不可逆作用危險。
R40/20
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation.
有害的:經吸入可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R40/20/21
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin.
有害的:經吸入和與皮膚接觸可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R40/20/21/22
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有害的:經吸入、與皮膚接觸和吞食可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R40/20/22
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed.
有害的:經吸入和吞食可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R40/21
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin.
有害的:與皮膚接觸可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R40/21/22
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有害的:與皮膚接觸和吞食可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R40/22
Harmful : possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed.
有害的:吞食可能有不可逆作用的風險。
R42/43
May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
吸入和皮膚接觸可能引起過敏。
R48/20
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.
有害的:經吸入長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/20/21
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin.
有害的:經吸入和與皮膚長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/20/21/22
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inh.,in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有害的:經吸入、皮膚和吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/20/22
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed.
有害的:經吸入和吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/21
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin.
有害的:經皮膚長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/21/22
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有害的:經皮膚和吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/22
Harmful : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed.
有害的:吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/23
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation.
有毒的:經吸入長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/23/24
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin.
有毒的:經吸入和與皮膚長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/23/24/25
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inh.,in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有毒的:經吸入、皮膚和吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/23/25
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed.
有毒的:經吸入和吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/24
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin.
有毒的:經皮膚長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/24/25
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed.
有毒的:經皮膚和吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R48/25
Toxic : danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed.
有毒的:吞食長期接觸有嚴重損害健康的危險。
R50/53
Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
對水生生物有極高毒性,可能在水生環境中造成長期不利影響。
R51/53
Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
對水生生物有毒,可能在水生環境中造成長期不利影響。
R52/53
Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment.
對水生生物有害,可能在水生環境中造成長期不利影響。

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