內容簡介,書籍目錄,
內容簡介
本書介紹納米光電器件的加工、表征及套用。納米結構涉及納米線、納米棒、摻雜半導體納米機構以及可見光發射器、石墨烯等寬頻納米結構。書中詳細闡述了它們的表征和套用。
書籍目錄
1 Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth of Semiconductor Nanowires
Heon-Jin Choi
1.1 Introduction
1.2 VLS Mechanism for One-Dimensional Crystal Growth
1.2.1 Requirements for Metal Catalyst
1.2.2 Phase Diagram
1.2.3 Kinetics and Rate-Determining Step
1.2.4 Size of the Metal Catalyst
1.3 Growth of Nanowires by the VLS Mechanism and Current Issues for Optoelectronics
1.3.1 Growth of Semiconductor Nanowires by the VLS Mechanism
1.3.2 Issues Associated with the VLS Mechanism for Optoelectronics
1.4 Devices Based on the VLS Mechanism
1.5 Summary and Perspectives
References
2 Catalyst-Free Metal-Organic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy of ZnO and GaN Nanostructures for Visible Light-Emitting Devices
Chul-Ho Lee and Gyu-Chul Yi
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Catalyst-Free MOVPE of ZnO Nanorods
2.3 Position-Controlled Growth of ZnO and GaN Nanostructures..
2.4 Light-Emitting Device Applications
2.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
3 III-V Semiconductor Nanowires on Si by Selective-Area Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy
Katsuhiro Tomioka and Takashi Fukui
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Optical Application of Semiconductor NWs
3.3 Growth of NWs by Selective-Area Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy
3.3.1 Process of SA-MOVPE for NW Growth
3.3.2 Crystal Shape in SA-MOVPE
3.3.3 Growth of Core-Shell Structures
3.4 Heteroepitaxy of III-V NWs on Si Substrate
3.4.1 Basic Concept for Selective-Area Growth of III-V NWs on Si
3.4.2 Selective-Area Growth of InAs NWs on Si
3.4.3 Selective-Area Growth of GaAs NWs on Si
3.4.4 Size Dependence of the GaAs NW Growth on Si
3.4.5 Growth of GaAs/AIGaAs Core-Shell NWs on Si
3.5 Fabrication of III-V NW-based LEDs on Si Surface
3.5.1 Growth of A1GaAs/GaAs/A1GaAs Double-Heterostructures in CMS NWs on Si
3.5.2 Fabrication of CMS NW-Based LEDs on Si
3.5.3 GaAs/GaAsP CMS Structure and Multi-Quantum well Layers for Laser Diodes
3.6 Summary
References
4 Synthesis and Properties of Aluminum Nitride Nanostruetures
Daniel S.P. Lau and X.H. Ji
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Overview
4.1.2 Properties of AIN
4.2 Synthesis of A1N Nanostructures
4.2.1 Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth
4.2.2 Vapor-Solid Growth
4.3 Doping of A1N Nanostructures
4.4 Physical Properties of A1N Nanostructures
4.4.1 Structural Properties Raman Spectra
4.4.2 Optical Properties of AIN Nanostructures
4.4.3 Ferromagnetic Properties
4.5 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives
References
5 Semiconductor Nanowire Heterostructures: Controlled Growth and Optoeleetronic Applications
Chuanwei Cheng and Hong Jin Fan
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Synthesis of Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.2.1 Segmented NW Heterostructures
5.2.2 Coaxial and Core/Multishell Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.2.3 Branched Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.3 Applications of Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.3.1 Optical Properties
5.3.2 Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
5.3.3 Photodetectors
5.4 Conclusions and Perspective
References
6 Hybrid Semiconductor Nanostruetures with Graphene Layers
Won I1 Park, Jung Min Lee, Dong Hyun Lee, and Gyu-Chul Yi
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Graphene: 2D Materials for Transparent Conducting Layers
6.2.1 Physical Properties of Graphene
6.2.2 Synthesis and Application of Graphene
6.3 Hybrid Semiconductor Nanostructures with Graphene: 0D-2D, 1D-2D, and 2D-2D Hybrids
6.3.1 Hybrid Lamellar Composites: 2D-2D Hybrids
6.3.2 Nanoparticle-Graphene Hybrids: 0D-2D Hybrids
6.3.3 Nanorod-Graphene Hybrids: 1D-2D Hybrids
6.4 1D-2D Nanorod-Graphene Hybrids for Electronics and Optoelectronics
6.4.1 Vertical 1D Nanostructures on 2D Graphene
6.4.2 2D Graphene on Vertical 1D Nanostructures
6.4.3 Multistage Hybrid Nanoarchitectures: Pillared Graphene
6.4.4 Application of 1D-2D Hybrids for Electronics and Optoelectronics
6.5 Conclusions
References
7 Mierostruetural Properties of Nanostructures
Sang-Wook Han
7.1 Introduction
7.2 X-ray Absorption Fine Structure
7.3 ZnO Nanoparticles
7.4 ZnO Nanorods
7.5 Coaxial GaN/ZnO Nanorods
7.6 ZnO Nanorods on GaN and Al2 03 Substrates
7.7 Conclusions
References
8 Luminescence Characterizations of Semiconductor Nanostructures
Jinkyoung Yoo
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Radiative Recombination in 1D Semiconductor Nanostructures
8.3 Luminescence Characterizations of 1D Semiconductor Nanostructures
8.3.1 Local Probe Techniques
8.3.2 Luminescent Characteristics of Semiconductor Nanostructures
8.4 The Limit of Luminescence Characterizations
8.5 Summary
References
9 Lasing Characteristics of Single and Assembled Nanowires
S.E Yu
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Lasing Characteristics of Single Nanowires
9.2.1 Feedback Mechanism of Single-Nanowire Lasers
9.2.2 Modal Characteristics of Nanowires with Different Geometries
9.2.3 Near-and Far-Field Profiles
9.2.4 Criteria to Achieve Stimulated Emission
9.3 Lasing Characteristics of Assembled Nanowires
9.3.1 What is a Random Laser?
9.3.2 Feedback Mechanism of Random Lasers
9.3.3 Formation of Random Cavities Using Assembled Nanowires
9.3.4 Criteria to Achieve Stimulated Emission
9.4 Single and Assembled Nanowires Laser Diodes
9.4.1 Single-Nanowire Electrically Driven Lasers
9.4.2 Electrically Pumped Nanowire Array Lasers
9.5 Conclusion and Discussion
References
10 Nanophotonic Device Application Using Semiconductor Nanorod Heterostructures
Takashi Yatsui, Gyu-Chul Yi, and Motoichi Ohtsu
10.1 Introduction
10.2 ZnO Nanorod Heterostructure for Nanophotonic Device
10.3 Near-Field Evaluation of Isolated ZnO Nanorod Single-Quantum-Well Structure for Nanophotonic device
10.4 A Nanophotonic AND-Gate Device Using ZnO Nanorod Double-Quantum-Well Structures
10.5 Conclusions
References
11 Semiconductor Nanowires for Solar Cells
S.T. Picraux, J. Yoo, I.H. Campbell, S.A. Dayeh, and D.E. Perea
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Key Concepts
11.3 Nanowire Fabrication
11.4 Overview of Nanowire Solar Cell Studies
11.5 Enhanced Optical Absorption in Nanowire Arrays
11.5.1 Basic Principles of NW Array Optics
11.5.2 Experimental Demonstrations of Increased Absorption
11.6 Optoelectronic Properties of Radial Nanowire Diodes
11.7 Solar Cell Performance: Combined Optical and Electrical Properties
11.8 Integration Strategies for Nanowire Solar Cells
11.8.1 General Approaches
11.9 Conclusions
References
Index
Heon-Jin Choi
1.1 Introduction
1.2 VLS Mechanism for One-Dimensional Crystal Growth
1.2.1 Requirements for Metal Catalyst
1.2.2 Phase Diagram
1.2.3 Kinetics and Rate-Determining Step
1.2.4 Size of the Metal Catalyst
1.3 Growth of Nanowires by the VLS Mechanism and Current Issues for Optoelectronics
1.3.1 Growth of Semiconductor Nanowires by the VLS Mechanism
1.3.2 Issues Associated with the VLS Mechanism for Optoelectronics
1.4 Devices Based on the VLS Mechanism
1.5 Summary and Perspectives
References
2 Catalyst-Free Metal-Organic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy of ZnO and GaN Nanostructures for Visible Light-Emitting Devices
Chul-Ho Lee and Gyu-Chul Yi
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Catalyst-Free MOVPE of ZnO Nanorods
2.3 Position-Controlled Growth of ZnO and GaN Nanostructures..
2.4 Light-Emitting Device Applications
2.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
3 III-V Semiconductor Nanowires on Si by Selective-Area Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy
Katsuhiro Tomioka and Takashi Fukui
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Optical Application of Semiconductor NWs
3.3 Growth of NWs by Selective-Area Metal-Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy
3.3.1 Process of SA-MOVPE for NW Growth
3.3.2 Crystal Shape in SA-MOVPE
3.3.3 Growth of Core-Shell Structures
3.4 Heteroepitaxy of III-V NWs on Si Substrate
3.4.1 Basic Concept for Selective-Area Growth of III-V NWs on Si
3.4.2 Selective-Area Growth of InAs NWs on Si
3.4.3 Selective-Area Growth of GaAs NWs on Si
3.4.4 Size Dependence of the GaAs NW Growth on Si
3.4.5 Growth of GaAs/AIGaAs Core-Shell NWs on Si
3.5 Fabrication of III-V NW-based LEDs on Si Surface
3.5.1 Growth of A1GaAs/GaAs/A1GaAs Double-Heterostructures in CMS NWs on Si
3.5.2 Fabrication of CMS NW-Based LEDs on Si
3.5.3 GaAs/GaAsP CMS Structure and Multi-Quantum well Layers for Laser Diodes
3.6 Summary
References
4 Synthesis and Properties of Aluminum Nitride Nanostruetures
Daniel S.P. Lau and X.H. Ji
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Overview
4.1.2 Properties of AIN
4.2 Synthesis of A1N Nanostructures
4.2.1 Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth
4.2.2 Vapor-Solid Growth
4.3 Doping of A1N Nanostructures
4.4 Physical Properties of A1N Nanostructures
4.4.1 Structural Properties Raman Spectra
4.4.2 Optical Properties of AIN Nanostructures
4.4.3 Ferromagnetic Properties
4.5 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives
References
5 Semiconductor Nanowire Heterostructures: Controlled Growth and Optoeleetronic Applications
Chuanwei Cheng and Hong Jin Fan
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Synthesis of Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.2.1 Segmented NW Heterostructures
5.2.2 Coaxial and Core/Multishell Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.2.3 Branched Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.3 Applications of Semiconductor NW Heterostructures
5.3.1 Optical Properties
5.3.2 Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
5.3.3 Photodetectors
5.4 Conclusions and Perspective
References
6 Hybrid Semiconductor Nanostruetures with Graphene Layers
Won I1 Park, Jung Min Lee, Dong Hyun Lee, and Gyu-Chul Yi
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Graphene: 2D Materials for Transparent Conducting Layers
6.2.1 Physical Properties of Graphene
6.2.2 Synthesis and Application of Graphene
6.3 Hybrid Semiconductor Nanostructures with Graphene: 0D-2D, 1D-2D, and 2D-2D Hybrids
6.3.1 Hybrid Lamellar Composites: 2D-2D Hybrids
6.3.2 Nanoparticle-Graphene Hybrids: 0D-2D Hybrids
6.3.3 Nanorod-Graphene Hybrids: 1D-2D Hybrids
6.4 1D-2D Nanorod-Graphene Hybrids for Electronics and Optoelectronics
6.4.1 Vertical 1D Nanostructures on 2D Graphene
6.4.2 2D Graphene on Vertical 1D Nanostructures
6.4.3 Multistage Hybrid Nanoarchitectures: Pillared Graphene
6.4.4 Application of 1D-2D Hybrids for Electronics and Optoelectronics
6.5 Conclusions
References
7 Mierostruetural Properties of Nanostructures
Sang-Wook Han
7.1 Introduction
7.2 X-ray Absorption Fine Structure
7.3 ZnO Nanoparticles
7.4 ZnO Nanorods
7.5 Coaxial GaN/ZnO Nanorods
7.6 ZnO Nanorods on GaN and Al2 03 Substrates
7.7 Conclusions
References
8 Luminescence Characterizations of Semiconductor Nanostructures
Jinkyoung Yoo
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Radiative Recombination in 1D Semiconductor Nanostructures
8.3 Luminescence Characterizations of 1D Semiconductor Nanostructures
8.3.1 Local Probe Techniques
8.3.2 Luminescent Characteristics of Semiconductor Nanostructures
8.4 The Limit of Luminescence Characterizations
8.5 Summary
References
9 Lasing Characteristics of Single and Assembled Nanowires
S.E Yu
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Lasing Characteristics of Single Nanowires
9.2.1 Feedback Mechanism of Single-Nanowire Lasers
9.2.2 Modal Characteristics of Nanowires with Different Geometries
9.2.3 Near-and Far-Field Profiles
9.2.4 Criteria to Achieve Stimulated Emission
9.3 Lasing Characteristics of Assembled Nanowires
9.3.1 What is a Random Laser?
9.3.2 Feedback Mechanism of Random Lasers
9.3.3 Formation of Random Cavities Using Assembled Nanowires
9.3.4 Criteria to Achieve Stimulated Emission
9.4 Single and Assembled Nanowires Laser Diodes
9.4.1 Single-Nanowire Electrically Driven Lasers
9.4.2 Electrically Pumped Nanowire Array Lasers
9.5 Conclusion and Discussion
References
10 Nanophotonic Device Application Using Semiconductor Nanorod Heterostructures
Takashi Yatsui, Gyu-Chul Yi, and Motoichi Ohtsu
10.1 Introduction
10.2 ZnO Nanorod Heterostructure for Nanophotonic Device
10.3 Near-Field Evaluation of Isolated ZnO Nanorod Single-Quantum-Well Structure for Nanophotonic device
10.4 A Nanophotonic AND-Gate Device Using ZnO Nanorod Double-Quantum-Well Structures
10.5 Conclusions
References
11 Semiconductor Nanowires for Solar Cells
S.T. Picraux, J. Yoo, I.H. Campbell, S.A. Dayeh, and D.E. Perea
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Key Concepts
11.3 Nanowire Fabrication
11.4 Overview of Nanowire Solar Cell Studies
11.5 Enhanced Optical Absorption in Nanowire Arrays
11.5.1 Basic Principles of NW Array Optics
11.5.2 Experimental Demonstrations of Increased Absorption
11.6 Optoelectronic Properties of Radial Nanowire Diodes
11.7 Solar Cell Performance: Combined Optical and Electrical Properties
11.8 Integration Strategies for Nanowire Solar Cells
11.8.1 General Approaches
11.9 Conclusions
References
Index
