人機互動設計

《人機互動設計》是2016年9月電子工業出版社出版的圖書，作者是單美賢。

基本介紹

• 書名：人機互動設計
• 作者：單美賢
• ISBN：9787121298479
• 頁數：216頁
• 定價：35元
• 出版社：電子工業出版社
• 出版時間：2016年9月
• 開本：16開

內容簡介

以計算機為主的現代技術之飛速發展，為用戶提供了豐富多樣的體驗，人機互動設計的研究得到了廣泛的關注。本書從人機互動的基本概念入手，以互動設計流程為依據，詳細介紹了需求分析、架構設計、開發支持和測試最佳化過程等方面的知識。本書關注以人為本的用戶需求，從可用性和用戶體驗兩個層面上進行分析，引導讀者關注互動設計原則、建立以用戶為中心的設計理念。

圖書目錄

第1 章什麼是人機互動技術············································································（1）

1.1 人機互動技術····································································································· （1）

1.1.1 人機互動技術的發展史················································································ （2）

1.1.2 人機互動技術的發展方向············································································· （3）

1.1.3 相關概念的理解························································································· （4）

1.2 互動設計與用戶體驗···························································································· （6）

1.2.1 拙劣的設計······························································································· （7）

1.2.2 為體驗而設計···························································································· （8）

1.2.3 用戶體驗·································································································· （9）

1.2.4 用戶體驗的實現方法：UCD·········································································· （9）

1.2.5 以用戶為中心的設計的要點········································································ （10）

1.3 互動設計目標··································································································· （11）

1.3.1 可用性目標····························································································· （12）

1.3.2 用戶體驗目標·························································································· （12）

1.4 互動設計的方法································································································ （13）

1.4.1 以人為本的設計理念················································································· （14）

1.4.2 以活動為中心的設計················································································· （15）

1.4.3 任務、活動和目標的區別··········································································· （15）

1.4.4 以目標為導向的設計················································································· （16）

1.5 互動設計過程概覽····························································································· （16）

1.5.1 需求分析階段·························································································· （17）

1.5.2 框架定義階段·························································································· （18）

1.5.3 開發支持階段·························································································· （18）

1.5.4 測試與最佳化階段······················································································· （18）

第 2 章互動設計理論基礎············································································· （20）

2.1 涉及的相關學科································································································ （20）

2.1.1 心理學··································································································· （21）

2.1.2 人體工程學····························································································· （26）

2.1.3 計算機科學····························································································· （27）

2.1.4 社會學··································································································· （28）

·VI·

2.1.5 美學······································································································ （29）

2.2 互動設計中的認知因素······················································································· （30）

2.2.1 感知因素································································································ （30）

2.2.2 視覺因素································································································ （31）

2.2.3 注意因素································································································ （33）

2.2.4 記憶因素································································································ （34）

2.2.5 思維因素································································································ （34）

2.3 互動設計中的情感因素······················································································· （35）

2.3.1 用戶與情感的多樣性················································································· （35）

2.3.2 界面（表現力）與情感·············································································· （36）

2.3.3 情感化設計····························································································· （37）

2.4 系統模型和用戶模型·························································································· （40）

2.4.1 用戶心理模型·························································································· （40）

2.4.2 系統實現模型·························································································· （40）

2.4.3 設計師模型····························································································· （41）

2.4.4 分級設計································································································ （42）

第 3 章用戶研究························································································· （44）

3.1 研究用戶的目的································································································ （44）

3.1.1 三種用戶································································································ （45）

3.1.2 用戶特徵································································································ （46）

3.2 需求收集和需求分析·························································································· （46）

3.2.1 對需求的理解·························································································· （47）

3.2.2 需求活動過程·························································································· （48）

3.2.3 需求收集：用戶試驗················································································· （48）

3.2.4 需求的優先權分析···················································································· （49）

3.3 目標分析········································································································· （50）

3.3.1 三種用戶目標·························································································· （50）

3.3.2 其他類別的目標······················································································· （51）

3.3.3 系統設計目標·························································································· （53）

第 4 章用戶研究方法··················································································· （55）

4.1 用戶訪談········································································································· （55）

4.1.1 設計問題和計畫訪談················································································· （55）

4.1.2 非結構化訪談·························································································· （56）

4.1.3 結構化訪談····························································································· （57）

4.1.4 半結構化訪談·························································································· （57）

·VII·

4.1.5 集體訪談································································································ （57）

4.1.6 其他形式的訪談······················································································· （58）

4.2 用戶觀察········································································································· （59）

4.2.1 目標、問題····························································································· （59）

4.2.2 觀察什麼、何時觀察················································································· （60）

4.2.3 觀察方法································································································ （61）

4.2.4 如何觀察································································································ （62）

4.2.5 間接觀察：追蹤用戶的活動········································································ （69）

4.2.6 分析、解釋和表示數據·············································································· （71）

4.3 其他類型的研究································································································ （73）

4.3.1 焦點小組································································································ （74）

4.3.2 市場統計和市場劃分················································································· （74）

4.3.3 卡片分類································································································ （75）

4.3.4 任務分析································································································ （75）

第 5 章人物角色的創建與運用······································································· （77）

5.1 人物角色········································································································· （77）

5.1.1 人物角色不是什麼···················································································· （77）

5.1.2 使用人物角色的目的················································································· （78）

5.1.3 人物角色的好處······················································································· （79）

5.2 人物角色的創建································································································ （80）

5.2.1 創建人物角色的方法················································································· （80）

5.2.2 人物角色組成元素···················································································· （83）

5.2.3 確定人物角色的優先權別··········································································· （84）

5.2.4 人物角色設計的評價標準··········································································· （86）

5.2.5 如何套用人物角色···················································································· （86）

5.3 場景劇本········································································································· （87）

5.3.1 情境場景劇本·························································································· （87）

5.3.2 場景劇本的經典元素················································································· （89）

第 6 章從需求到設計··················································································· （90）

6.1 定義功能和數據元素·························································································· （90）

6.1.1 什麼是功能和數據···················································································· （90）

6.1.2 發散和收斂的過程···················································································· （91）

6.1.3 10 加10：收斂設計漏斗············································································· （92）

6.2 互動設計原則··································································································· （93）

6.2.1 設計價值································································································ （93）

·VIII·

6.2.2 用戶體驗設計原則···················································································· （95）

6.2.3 好的互動設計評價標準原則········································································ （97）

6.3 互動設計模式··································································································· （99）

6.3.1 什麼是互動設計模式················································································· （99）

6.3.2 互動設計模式的類型················································································ （100）

6.3.3 互動設計模式的套用注意·········································································· （101）

第 7 章信息架構 ····················································································· （102）

7.1 初識信息架構·································································································· （102）

7.1.1 架構原則與結構······················································································ （102）

7.1.2 什麼是信息架構······················································································ （103）

7.1.3 信息架構梳理························································································· （104）

7.2 信息架構設計方法：卡片分類法·········································································· （104）

7.2.1 層次結構的設計······················································································ （105）

7.2.2 封閉式卡片分類法··················································································· （106）

7.2.3 開放式卡片分類法··················································································· （107）

7.2.4 Delphi 卡片分類法··················································································· （107）

7.3 好的信息架構設計應具備的特點·········································································· （108）

7.3.1 與“產品目標”和“用戶需求”相對應························································ （108）

7.3.2 具有一定的延展性··················································································· （108）

7.3.3 保證分類標準的一致性、相關性和獨立性····················································· （109）

7.3.4 有效平衡信息架構的“廣度”和“深度” ····················································· （109）

7.3.5 使用“用戶語言”，同時需避免“語義歧義或不解” ······································ （110）

第 8 章界面設計························································································ （111）

8.1 視覺界面設計概述···························································································· （111）

8.1.1 視覺設計過程························································································· （111）

8.1.2 視覺界面設計的組成要素·········································································· （112）

8.2 互動界面的設計原則························································································· （114）

8.2.1 對齊····································································································· （114）

8.2.2 一致性·································································································· （116）

8.2.3 強調····································································································· （118）

8.2.4 重複····································································································· （120）

8.2.5 映射····································································································· （122）

8.2.6 沉浸····································································································· （123）

8.2.7 功能可見性···························································································· （124）

8.2.8 條件反射······························································································· （125）

·IX·

8.2.9 干擾效應······························································································· （127）

8.2.10 容易識別······························································································ （128）

8.2.11 容易使用······························································································ （130）

8.2.12 美觀實用效應························································································ （132）

8.2.13 圖像符號······························································································ （134）

8.2.14 圖形-背景關係······················································································· （137）

8.2.15 色彩原理······························································································ （139）

8.3 視覺界面設計實踐原則······················································································ （142）

8.3.1 模擬····································································································· （142）

8.3.2 80/20 法則······························································································ （143）

8.3.3 費茨定律······························································································· （145）

8.3.4 席克定律······························································································· （146）

8.3.5 神奇數字7±2 法則··················································································· （147）

8.3.6 接近法則······························································································· （147）

8.3.7 泰思勒定律···························································································· （148）

8.3.8 新鄉重夫：防錯原則················································································ （149）

8.3.9 奧卡姆剃刀···························································································· （149）

8.3.10 圖片優勢······························································································ （150）

8.3.11 大草原偏愛··························································································· （151）

8.3.12 由上而下光源偏愛·················································································· （152）

8.4 三大設計風格·································································································· （154）

8.4.1 擬物化設計···························································································· （154）

8.4.2 扁平化設計···························································································· （155）

8.4.3 卡片式設計···························································································· （158）

第 9 章設計與製作原型··············································································· （160）

9.1 概念模型········································································································ （161）

9.1.1 基於活動的概念模型················································································ （162）

9.1.2 基於對象的概念模型················································································ （163）

9.1.3 界面比擬······························································································· （164）

9.2 原型·············································································································· （165）

9.2.1 原型的作用和好處··················································································· （166）

9.2.2 低保真與高保真······················································································ （166）

9.3 原型的製作方法······························································································· （167）

9.3.1 草圖設計······························································································· （168）

9.3.2 用PPT 設計草圖····················································································· （169）

9.4 線框圖··········································································································· （169）

·X·

9.4.1 什麼是線框圖························································································· （169）

9.4.2 為何要用線框圖······················································································ （170）

9.4.3 線框圖類型···························································································· （170）

9.4.4 線框圖、原型和視覺稿的區別···································································· （171）

9.5 Axure RP 介紹·································································································· （172）

9.5.1 Axure RP ······························································································· （172）

9.5.2 Axure 的工作環境···················································································· （173）

9.5.3 初級互動設計························································································· （174）

9.5.4 使用Master 模組····················································································· （176）

9.5.5 輸出網站/AP 原型···················································································· （177）

9.5.6 輸出規格檔案（Word） ············································································ （178）

第 10 章可用性評估··················································································· （179）

10.1 可用性·········································································································· （179）

10.1.1 可用性的定義························································································ （179）

10.1.2 產品失敗的原因····················································································· （180）

10.1.3 產品使用背景························································································ （180）

10.1.4 為體驗而設計：使用第一········································································· （180）

10.2 可用性評估···································································································· （181）

10.2.1 形成性評估和總結性評估········································································· （181）

10.2.2 分析法和實驗法····················································································· （181）

10.3 啟發評估法···································································································· （182）

10.3.1 啟發式評估十原則·················································································· （182）

10.3.2 啟發式評估法的實施步驟········································································· （184）

10.3.3 啟發式評估法的局限性············································································ （186）

10.4 用戶測試······································································································· （187）

10.4.1 用戶測試的基礎理論··············································································· （187）

10.4.2 具有代表性的測試方法············································································ （188）

10.4.3 用戶測試的實踐基礎··············································································· （190）

第 11 章實踐中的互動設計·········································································· （192）

11.1 敏捷設計：注重協作與互動··············································································· （192）

11.1.1 傳統互動設計流程·················································································· （192）

11.1.2 敏捷UX 簡史························································································ （193）

11.1.3 敏捷UX 的理論基礎··············································································· （193）

11.1.4 敏捷UX 的基本原則··············································································· （194）

11.1.5 敏捷UX 與傳統互動設計的區別································································ （195）

·XI·

11.2 精益設計：做事比分析更重要············································································ （195）

11.2.1 精益設計的三大基礎··············································································· （195）

11.2.2 精益設計的基本理念··············································································· （197）

11.2.3 實例···································································································· （198）

11.3 通用設計······································································································· （199）

11.3.1 什麼是通用設計····················································································· （199）

11.3.2 通用設計的發展過程··············································································· （200）

11.3.3 通用設計的原則····················································································· （200）

11.3.4 作為適配性界面設計的通用設計································································ （201）

11.3.5 未來的互動界面····················································································· （202）