項目管理（英文版·原書第4版）

內容簡介

本書在涵蓋美國項目管理協會（PMI）制定的項目管理知識體系（PMBoK）的基礎上，從戰略的層面闡釋了項目管理的方法、以整體的視角看待項目管理中多要素的集成；從項目管理的科學層面介紹了項目的風險管理、成本估算和預算、項目進度計畫與關鍵鏈、資源管理、項目評估和控制等技術與方法；同時也從項目管理的藝術層面刻畫了項目經理、項目團隊的職責和作用，研究了團隊建設、衝突解決、談判協商的方法。本書通過設計基於MS Project練習、項目管理研究精要、網上練習等多種方式，將現代項目管理理論、項目管理實踐、研究和案例學習結合起來，讀者可以從多視角來理解項目管理過程。

圖書目錄

前言

術語表

第1章　概述：為什麼需要項目管理 1

項目導讀1-1　奈及利亞拉各斯的開發項目 2

概述 4

1.1　什麼是項目 5

1.2　為什麼項目很重要 9

項目導讀1-2　“拿錢打水漂”：BBC的數字媒體計畫 10

1.3　項目生命周期 13

實踐中的項目經理1-1　史蒂芬妮·史密斯，西屋電氣公司 15

1.4　項目成功的決定因素 16

項目管理研究精要1-1　如何評估IT項目的成功 19

1.5　建立項目管理成熟度 19

1.6　項目的基礎和本書的組織框架 23

小結 27

討論題 29

案例分析1-1　米格科技有限公司 29

案例分析1-2　漢姆林醫院的信息技術部門 30

案例分析1-3　迪士尼珠峰探險 31

案例分析1-4　智利礦工的救援 32

網上練習 33

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 34

注釋 34

第2章　組織的環境：戰略、結構和文化 36

項目導讀2-1　特斯拉的50億美元豪賭 37

概述 38

2.1　項目與組織戰略 39

2.2　干係人管理 41

2.3　組織結構 47

2.4　組織結構的形式 48

項目管理研究精要2-1　組織結構對項目棕拘櫃績效的影響 56

2.5　項目管理辦公室 57

2.6　企業文化 59

項目導讀2-2　美國藝電公司與設計團隊中堅固的文化力量 64

小結 65

討論題 67

案例分析2-1　勞斯萊斯公司 67

案例分析2-2　經典案例：失樂園—施樂

公司的Alto個人電腦 68

案例分析2-3　項目任務估計和“擴大–壓縮”文化 69

案例分析2-4　WRU公司 70

網上練習 70

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 70

項目綜合練習　制訂你的項目計畫 72

注釋 74

第3章　項目選擇和項目群管理 76

項目導讀3-1　項目選擇的程式：來自多個行業的項目選擇實例 77

概述 78

3.1　項目選擇 78

3.2　項目審查和選擇的方法 80

3.3　財務模型 90

項目導讀3-2　通用電氣公司的項目選擇和審查：關卡似的過程 97

3.4　項目群管理 98

小結 105

已解決的問題 107

討論題 108

練習題 108

案例分析3-1　凱夫拉維克紙業公司 111

案例分析3-2　西部新星有限公司 112

網上練習 113

注釋 113

第4章　領導力與項目經理 115

項目導讀4-1　倫敦奧運會的傑出領導者—約翰·阿米特爵士 116

概述 117

4.1　領導者與經理 118

4.2　項目經理如何領導團隊 119

項目管理研究精要4-1　領導力與情商 124

4.3　卓越的項目領導者的特質 125

項目導讀4-2　伊拉圖瓦拉皮爾·斯里達葛頌蘭博士，印度的項目管理明星 126

4.4　項榆體享目倡導者 127

4.5　新的項目領導力 131

實踐中的項目經理4-1　比爾·莫厄里，計算機科學公司 132

項目導讀4-3　全球化管理的挑戰 133

4.6　項目肯囑棄悼管理職業化 134

小結 135

討論題 136

案例分析4-1　尋找高效的項目經理 137

案例分析4-2　發掘情商，成為一個真正的領導者 137

案例分析騙簽晚4-3　約翰的難題 138

網尋棕蜜上練習 141

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 141

注釋 142

第5章　範圍管理 144

項目導讀5-1　案例：“我們就像傻瓜”— 俄勒岡州失敗的歐巴馬醫保網站 145

概述 146

5.1　概念開發 148

項目導讀5-2　工作協宙諒堡說明：當時與現在 151

5.2　範圍說明 153

5.3　工作授權 161

項目導讀5-3　定義項目工作包 163

5.4　範圍報告 164

項目管理研究精要5-1　信息技術項目的“死亡之旅” 165

5.5　控制系統 167

5.6　項目收尾 169

小結 170

討論題 171

練習題 172

案例分析5-1　波音的虛擬圍牆 172

案例分析5-2　加利福尼亞的高速鐵路項目 173

案例分析5-3　Dotcom.com的項目管理 175

案例分析5-4　遠征戰車 176

網上練習 178

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 178

MS Project練習 179

附錄5A　項目章程樣本 180

項目綜合練習　制定工作分解結構 182

注釋 184

第6章　項目團隊的建設、衝突和談判 186

項目導讀6-1　無國界工程師協會：項目團隊改善生活 187

概述 188

6.1　建設項目團隊 189

6.2　高效項目團隊的特徵 192

6.3　團隊失敗的原因 194

6.4　團隊發展的階段 196

6.5　實現跨職能合作 199

6.6　虛擬的項目團隊 202

項目導讀6-2　遠距離虛擬實鏡技術讓虛擬團隊的交流變得容易 203

6.7　衝突管理 204

6.8　談判 209

小結 214

討論題 215

案例分析6-1　哥倫布器械公司 215

案例分析6-2　善於計算的人與牛仔 216

案例分析6-3　詹森&羅傑斯軟體工程公司 217

談判練習 219

網上練習 220

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 220

注釋 221

第7章　風險管理 223

項目導讀7-1　可以熔化汽車的建築 224

概述 225

實踐中的項目經理7-1　馬修·保羅，通用電氣公司 227

7.1　風險管理過程的4個階段 228

項目導讀7-2　美國銀行完全錯估了客戶 230

項目導讀7-3　上海公寓樓倒塌 239

7.2　項目風險管理：一種集成方法 241

小結 243

已解決的問題 244

討論題 244

練習題 244

案例分析7-1　經典案例：德哈維蘭隕落的彗星 245

案例分析7-2　浮不起來的西班牙海軍潛艇 248

案例分析7-3　經典案例：塔科馬海峽吊橋 249

網上練習 251

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 251

項目綜合練習項目風險評估 253

注釋 255

第8章　成本估算和預算 256

項目導讀8-1　索契冬奧會—國家聲望值多少錢 257

8.1　成本管理 259

8.2　成本估算 262

項目管理研究精要8-1　軟體成本估算 270

項目管理研究精要8-2　大型基礎設施建設中的欺詐行為 274

8.3　制定項目預算 275

8.4　制定應急費用預算 278

小結 280

已解決的問題 282

討論題 283

練習題 284

案例分析8-1　基礎設施項目的隱藏成本—建設大壩的案例 286

案例分析8-2　波士頓中心幹線/隧道項目 288

網上練習 290

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 290

項目綜合練習　制定成本估算和預算 292

注釋 294

第9章　項目進度計畫：網路、歷時估計和關鍵路徑 296

項目導讀9-1　耗費巨資卻一無所得：裏海卡什乾石油開採項目 297

概述 298

9.1　項目進度計畫 299

9.2　關鍵術語 300

9.3　繪製網路圖 302

9.4　歷時估計 307

9.5　確定關鍵路徑 311

項目管理研究精要9-1　軟體開發延時及解決方法 321

小結 322

已解決的問題 323

討論題 325

練習題 325

網上練習 327

MS Project練習 328

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 328

注釋 329

第10章　項目進度計畫：滯後、趕工和活動網路 330

項目導讀10-1　擴建巴拿馬運河 331

概述 333

10.1　活動中的滯後關係 333

10.2　甘特圖 335

實踐中的項目經理10-1　克里斯托弗·富爾茨，勞斯萊斯公司 338

10.3　項目趕工 340

10.4　雙代號網路圖 348

10.5　使用網路的爭議 354

小結 356

已解決的問題 357

討論題 358

練習題 358

案例分析10-1　布朗克切克建築公司的項目進度計畫（A） 360

案例分析10-2　布朗克切克建築公司的項目進度計畫（B） 360

MS Project練習 361

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 361

項目綜合練習　制訂項目進度計畫 363

注釋 365

第11章　計畫和排班的高級課題：敏捷和關鍵鏈 366

項目導讀11-1　通過Kickstarter眾籌平台來開發項目—交付日期意味著一切嗎 367

概述 368

11.1　敏捷項目管理 369

項目管理研究精要11-1　敏捷是否有作用 376

11.2　極限編程 377

11.3　約束理論和關鍵鏈項目進度計畫 377

11.4　關鍵鏈項目進度的解決辦法 379

項目導讀11-2　美國禮來製藥公司與其關鍵鏈項目管理的實現 385

11.5　使用關鍵鏈法解決資源衝突 386

11.6　關鍵鏈項目群管理 387

項目管理研究精要11-2　關鍵鏈進度的優勢 390

11.7　對CCPM的批評 391

小結 391

已解決的問題 393

討論題 394

練習題 394

案例分析11-1　這是敏捷的世界 396

案例分析11-2　德國戰車產品有限公司 397

網上練習 398

注釋 398

第12章　資源管理 400

項目導讀12-1　香港與世界上最長的天然氣管道相連 401

概述 402

12.1　資源約束的基礎 402

12.2　資源負載 405

12.3　資源平衡 407

12.4　資源負載圖 416

實踐中的項目經理12-1　凱文·奧唐奈上尉，美國海軍陸戰隊 418

12.5　多項目環境下的資源管理 420

小結 423

已解決的問題 424

討論題 425

練習題 425

案例分析12-1　多任務處理導致的問題 427

網上練習 428

MS Project練習 428

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 429

項目綜合練習　管理你的項目資源 430

注釋 430

第13章　項目評估和控制 431

項目導讀13-1　紐約的CityTime項目 432

概述 433

13.1　控制循環：一個通用模型 434

13.2　監控項目績效 435

13.3　掙值管理 440

13.4　使用掙值管理一組項目 450

項目導讀13-2　掙值在諾斯羅普–格魯曼公司中的套用 451

13.5　有效使用掙值管理的注意事項 452

13.6　項目評估和控制的人為因素 454

小結 458

已解決的問題 459

討論題 460

練習題 461

案例分析13-1　Kimble大學的IT部門 463

案例分析13-2　超導超級對撞機計畫 464

案例分析13-3　波音787“夢幻客機”停飛事件 465

網上練習 468

MS Project練習 468

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 469

附錄13A　掙得進度 470

注釋 475

第14章　項目收尾和終止 477

項目導讀14-1　杜克能源取消萊維縣的核電廠 478

概述 479

14.1　項目終止的類別 480

實踐中的項目經理14-1　邁克·布朗，勞斯萊斯公司 480

14.2　自然終止：收尾過程 482

14.3　項目的提前終止 487

項目導讀14-2　“瘋狂餵養”的後果：杜拜和取消的建築項目 490

項目管理研究精要14-1　IT行業的項目終止 492

14.4　準備項目終期報告 494

小結 496

討論題 497

案例分析14-1　被終止的哈德遜河隧道工程 497

案例分析14-2　永不結束的項目 499

案例分析14-3　海軍終止旗艦戰艦的開發 500

網上練習 501

項目管理職業認證考試樣題 502

附錄14A 　項目簽署檔案的樣本頁 503

注釋 507

附錄A　累積標準常態分配 509

附錄B　MS Project 2013指南 510

附錄C　項目計畫框架 520

Contents

Preface

Glossary

Chapter 1 IntroduCtIon: Why ProjeCt ManageMent? 1

Project Profile: Development Projects in Lagos, Nigeria 2

Introduction 4

1.1 What Is a Project? 5

General Project Characteristics 6

1.2 Why Are Projects Important? 9

Project Profile: “Throwing Good Money after Bad”: the BBC’s Digital

Media Initiative 10

1.3 Project Life Cycles 13

Box 1.1: Project Managers in Practice 15

1.4 Determinants of Project Success 16

Box 1.2: Project Management Research in Brief 19

1.5 Developing Project Management Maturity 19

1.6 Project Elements and Text Organization 23

Summary 27 · Key Terms 29 · Discussion Questions 29

· Case Study 1.1 MegaTech, Inc. 29 · Case Study 1.2 The IT

Department at Hamelin Hospital 30 · Case Study 1.3 Disney’s Expedition

Everest 31 · Case Study 1.4 Rescue of Chilean Miners 32 · Internet

Exercises 33 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 34 · Notes 34

Chapter 2 the organIzatIonal Context: Strategy, StruCture,

and Culture 36

Project Profile: Case — Tesla’s $5 Billion Gamb le 37

Introduction 38

2.1 Projects and Organizational Strategy 39

2.2 Stakeholder Management 41

Identifying Project Stakeholders 42

Managing Stakeholders 45

2.3 Organizational Structure 47

2.4 Forms of Organizational Structure 48

Functional Organizations 48

Project Organizations 50

Matrix Organizations 53

Moving to Heavyweight Project Organizations 55

Box 2.1: Project Management Research in Brief 56

2.5 Project Management Offices 57

2.6 Organizational Culture 59

How Do Cultures Form? 61

Organizational Culture and Project Management 63

Project Profile: Electronic Arts and the Power of Strong Culture in Design Teams 64

Summary 65 · Key Terms 67 · Discussion Questions 67 · Case

Study 2.1 Rolls-Royce Corporation 67 · Case Study 2.2 Classic Case:

Paradise Lost—The Xerox Alto 68 · Case Study 2.3 Project Task Estimation

and the Culture of “Gotcha!” 69 · Case Study 2.4 Widgets ’R Us 70

· Internet Exercises 70 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 70

· Integrated Project—Building Your Project Plan 72 · Notes 74

Chapter 3 ProjeCt SeleCtIon and PortfolIo ManageMent 76

Project Profile: Project Selection Procedures: A Cross-Industry Sampler 77

Introduction 78

3.1 Project Selection 78

3.2 Approaches to Project Screening and Selection 80

Method One: Checklist Model 80

Method Two: Simplified Scoring Models 82

Limitations of Scoring Models 84

Method Three: The Analytical Hierarchy Process 84

Method Four: Profile Models 88

3.3 Financial Models 90

Payback Period 90

Net Present Value 92

Discounted Payback 94

Internal Rate of Return 94

Choosing a Project Selection Approach 96

Project Profile: Project Selection and Screening at GE: The Tollgate Process 97

3.4 Project Portfolio Management 98

Objectives and Initiatives 99

Developing a Proactive Portfolio 100

Keys to Successful Project Portfolio Management 103

Problems in Implementing Portfolio Management 104

Summary 105 · Key Terms 106 · Solved Problems 107

· Discussion Questions 108 · Problems 108 · Case Study 3.1

Keflavik Paper Company 111 · Case Study 3.2 Project Selection at Nova

Western, Inc. 112 · Internet Exercises 113 · Notes 113

Chapter 4 leaderShIP and the ProjeCt Manager 115

Project Profile: Leading by Example for the London Olympics—Sir John Armitt 116

Introduction 117

4.1 Leaders Versus Managers 118

4.2 How the Project Manager Leads 119

Acquiring Project Resources 119

Motivating and Building Teams 120

Having a Vision and Fighting Fires 121

Communicating 121

Box 4.1: Project Management Research in Brief 124

4.3 Traits of Effective Project Leaders 125

Conclusions about Project Leaders 126

Project Profile: Dr. Elattuvalapil Sreedharan, India’s Project Management Guru 126

4.4 Project Champions 127

Champions—Who Are They? 128

What Do Champions Do? 129

How to Make a Champion 130

4.5 The New Project Leadership 131

Box 4.2: Project Managers in Practice 132

Project Profile: The Challenge of Managing Internationally 133

4.6 Project Management Professionalism 134

Summary 135 · Key Terms 136 · Discussion Questions 136

· Case Study 4.1 In Search of Effective Project Managers 137

· Case Study 4.2 Finding the Emotional Intelligence to Be a Real Leader 137

· Case Study 4.3 Problems with John 138 · Internet Exercises 141

· PMP Certification Sample Questions 141 · Notes 142

Chapter 5 SCoPe ManageMent 144

Project Profile: Case — “We look like fools.”—Oregon’s Failed Rollout of Its Obamacare

Web Site 145

Introduction 146

5.1 Conceptual Development 148

The Statement of Work 150

The Project Charter 151

Project Profile: Statements of Work: Then and Now 151

5.2 The Scope Statement 153

The Work Breakdown Structure 153

Purposes of the Work Breakdown Structure 154

The Organization Breakdown Structure 159

The Responsibility Assignment Matrix 160

5.3 Work Authorization 161

Project Profile: Defining a Project Work Package 163

5.4 Scope Reporting 164

Box 5.1: Project Management Research in Brief 165

5.5 Control Systems 167

Configuration Management 167

5.6 Project Closeout 169

Summary 170 · Key Terms 171 · Discussion Questions 171

· Problems 172 · Case Study 5.1 Boeing’s Virtual Fence 172

· Case Study 5.2 California’s High-Speed Rail Project 173 · Case

Study 5.3 Project Management at Dotcom.com 175 · Case Study 5.4

The Expeditionary Fighting Vehicle 176 · Internet Exercises 178

· PMP Certification Sample Questions 178 · MS Project Exercises 179

· Appendix 5.1: Sample Project Charter 180 · Integrated Project—

Developing the Work Breakdown Structure 182 · Notes 184

Chapter 6 ProjeCt teaM BuIldIng, ConflICt, and negotIatIon 186

Project Profile: Engineers Without Borders: Project Teams Impacting Lives 187

Introduction 188

6.1 Building the Project Team 189

Identify Necessary Skill Sets 189

Identify People Who Match the Skills 189

Talk to Potential Team Members and Negotiate with Functional Heads 189

Build in Fallback Positions 191

Assemble the Team 191

6.2 Characteristics of Effective Project Teams 192

A Clear Sense of Mission 192

A Productive Interdependency 192

Cohesiveness 193

Trust 193

Enthusiasm 193

Results Orientation 194

6.3 Reasons Why Teams Fail 194

Poorly Developed or Unclear Goals 194

Poorly Defined Project Team Roles and Interdependencies 194

Lack of Project Team Motivation 195

Poor Communication 195

Poor Leadership 195

Turnover Among Project Team Members 196

Dysfunctional Behavior 196

6.4 Stages in Group Development 196

Stage One: Forming 197

Stage Two: Storming 197

Stage Three: Norming 198

Stage Four: Performing 198

Stage Five: Adjourning 198

Punctuated Equilibrium 198

6.5 Achieving Cross-Functional Cooperation 199

Superordinate Goals 199

Rules and Procedures 200

Physical Proximity 201

Accessibility 201

Outcomes of Cooperation: Task and Psychosocial Results 201

6.6 Virtual Project Teams 202

Project Profile: Tele-Immersion Technology Eases the Use

of Virtual Teams 203

6.7 Conflict Management 204

What Is Conflict? 205

Sources of Conflict 206

Methods for Resolving Conflict 208

6.8 Negotiation 209

Questions to Ask Prior to the Negotiation 209

Principled Negotiation 210

Invent Options for Mutual Gain 212

Insist on Using Objective Criteria 213

Summary 214 · Key Terms 214 · Discussion Questions 215 · Case

Study 6.1 Columbus Instruments 215 · Case Study 6.2 The Bean Counter

and the Cowboy 216 · Case Study 6.3 Johnson & Rogers Software

Engineering, Inc. 217 · Exercise in Negotiation 219 · Internet

Exercises 220 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 220 · Notes 221

Chapter 7 rISk ManageMent 223

Project Profile: The Building that Melted Cars 224

Introduction 225

Box 7.1: Project Managers in Practice 227

7.1 Risk Management: A Four-Stage Process 228

Risk Identification 228

Project Profile: Bank of America Completely Misjudges Its Customers 230

Risk Breakdown Structures 231

Analysis of Probability and Consequences 231

Risk Mitigation Strategies 234

Use of Contingency Reserves 236

Other Mitigation Strategies 237

Control and Documentation 237

Project Profile: Collapse of Shanghai Apartment Building 239

7.2 Project Risk Management: An Integrated Approach 241

Summary 243 · Key Terms 244 · Solved Problem 244 · Discussion

Questions 244 · Problems 244 · Case Study 7.1 Classic Case: de

Havilland’s Falling Comet 245 · Case Study 7.2 The Spanish Navy Pays

Nearly $3 Billion for a Submarine That Will Sink Like a Stone 248 · Case

Study 7.3 Classic Case: Tacoma Narrows Suspension Bridge 249 · Internet

Exercises 251 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 251 · Integrated

Project—Project Risk Assessment 253 · Notes 255

Chapter 8 CoSt eStIMatIon and BudgetIng 256

Project Profile: Sochi Olympics—What’s the Cost of National Prestige? 257

8.1 Cost Management 259

Direct Versus Indirect Costs 260

Recurring Versus Nonrecurring Costs 261

Fixed Versus Variable Costs 261

Normal Versus Expedited Costs 262

8.2 Cost Estimation 262

Learning Curves in Cost Estimation 266

Box 8.1: Project Management Research in Brief 270

Problems with Cost Estimation 272

Box 8.2: Project Management Research in Brief 274

8.3 Creating a Project Budget 275

Top-Down Budgeting 275

Bottom-Up Budgeting 276

Activity-Based Costing 276

8.4 Developing Budget Contingencies 278

Summary 280 · Key Terms 281 · Solved Problems 282

· Discussion Questions 283 · Problems 284 · Case Study 8.1 The

Hidden Costs of Infrastructure Projects—The Case of Building Dams 286

· Case Study 8.2 Boston’s Central Artery/Tunnel Project 288 · Internet

Exercises 290 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 290 · Integrated

Project—Developing the Cost Estimates and Budget 292 · Notes 294

Chapter 9 ProjeCt SChedulIng: netWorkS, duratIon eStIMatIon,

and CrItICal Path 296

Project Profile: After 20 Years and More Than $50 Billion, Oil is No Closer to the Surface:

The Caspian Kashagan Project 297

Introduction 298

9.1 Project Scheduling 299

9.2 Key Scheduling Terminology 300

9.3 Developing a Network 302

Labeling Nodes 303

Serial Activities 303

Concurrent Activities 303

Merge Activities 304

Burst Activities 305

9.4 Duration Estimation 307

9.5 Constructing the Critical Path 311

Calculating the Network 311

The Forward Pass 312

The Backward Pass 314

Probability of Project Completion 316

Laddering Activities 318

Hammock Activities 319

Options for Reducing the Critical Path 320

Box 9.1: Project Management Research in Brief 321

Summary 322 · Key Terms 323 · Solved Problems 323 ·

Discussion Questions 325 · Problems 325 · Internet

Exercises 327 · MS Project Exercises 328 · PMP Certification

Sample Questions 328 · Notes 329

Chapter 10 ProjeCt SChedulIng: laggIng, CraShIng, and aCtIvIty

netWorkS 330

Project Profile: Enlarging the Panama Canal 331

Introduction 333

10.1 Lags in Precedence Relationships 333

Finish to Start 333

Finish to Finish 334

Start to Start 334

Start to Finish 335

10.2 Gantt Charts 335

Adding Resources to Gantt Charts 337

Incorporating Lags in Gantt Charts 338

Box 10.1: Project Managers in Practice 338

10.3 Crashing Projects 340

Options for Accelerating Projects 340

Crashing the Project: Budget Effects 346

10.4 Activity-on-Arrow Networks 348

How Are They Different? 348

Dummy Activities 351

Forward and Backward Passes with AOA Networks 352

AOA Versus AON 353

10.5 Controversies in the Use of Networks 354

Conclusions 356

Summary 356 · Key Terms 357 · Solved Problems 357 · Discussion

Questions 358 · Problems 358 · Case Study 10.1 Project Scheduling

at Blanque Cheque Construction (A) 360 · Case Study 10.2 Project

Scheduling at Blanque Cheque Construction (B) 360 · MS Project

Exercises 361 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 361 · Integrated

Project—Developing the Project Schedule 363 · Notes 365

Chapter 11 advanCed toPICS In PlannIng and SChedulIng: agIle

and CrItICal ChaIn 366

Project Profile: Developing Projects Through Kickstarter—Do Delivery Dates Mean

Anything? 367

Introduction 368

11.1 Agile Project Management 369

What Is Unique About Agile PM? 370

Tasks Versus Stories 371

Key Terms in Agile PM 372

Steps in Agile 373

Sprint Planning 374

Daily Scrums 374

The Development Work 374

Sprint Reviews 375

Sprint Retrospective 376

Problems with Agile 376

Box 11.1: Project Management Research in Brief 376

11.2 Extreme Programming (XP) 377

11.3 The Theory of Constraints and Critical Chain Project Scheduling 377

Theory of Constraints 378

11.4 The Critical Chain Solution to Project Scheduling 379

Developing the Critical Chain Activity Network 381

Critical Chain Solutions Versus Critical Path Solutions 383

Project Profile: Eli Lilly Pharmaceuticals and Its Commitment to Critical Chain Project

Management 385

11.5 Critical Chain Solutions to Resource Conflicts 386

11.6 Critical Chain Project Portfolio Management 387

Box 11.2: Project Management Research in Brief 390

11.7 Critiques of CCPM 391

Summary 391 · Key Terms 393 · Solved Problem 393

· Discussion Questions 394 · Problems 394 · Case Study 11.1 It’s an

Agile World 396 · Case Study 11.2 Ramstein Products, Inc. 397

· Internet Exercises 398 · Notes 398

Chapter 12 reSourCe ManageMent 400

Project Profile: Hong Kong Connects to the World’s Longest Natural

Gas Pipeline 401

Introduction 402

12.1 The Basics of Resource Constraints 402

Time and Resource Scarcity 403

12.2 Resource Loading 405

12.3 Resource Leveling 407

Step One: Develop the Resource-Loading Table 411

Step Two: Determine Activity Late Finish Dates 412

Step Three: Identify Resource Overallocation 412

Step Four: Level the Resource-Loading Table 412

12.4 Resource-Loading Charts 416

Box 12.1: Project Managers in Practice 418

12.5 Managing Resources in Multiproject Environments 420

Schedule Slippage 420

Resource Utilization 420

In-Process Inventory 421

Resolving Resource Decisions in Multiproject Environments 421

Summary 423 · Key Terms 424 · Solved Problem 424 ·

Discussion Questions 425 · Problems 425 · Case Study 12.1 The

Problems of Multitasking 427 · Internet Exercises 428 · MS Project

Exercises 428 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 429 · Integrated

Project—Managing Your Project’s Resources 430 · Notes 430

Chapter 13 ProjeCt evaluatIon and Control 431

Project Profile: New York City’s CityTime Project 432

Introduction 433

13.1 Control Cycles—A General Model 434

13.2 Monitoring Project Performance 435

The Project S-Curve: A Basic Tool 435

S-Curve Drawbacks 436

Milestone Analysis 437

Problems with Milestones 438

The Tracking Gantt Chart 439

Benefits and Drawbacks of Tracking Gantt Charts 440

13.3 Earned Value Management 440

Terminology for Earned Value 441

Creating Project Baselines 442

Why Use Earned Value? 443

Steps in Earned Value Management 444

Assessing a Project’s Earned Value 445

13.4 Using Earned Value to Manage a Portfolio of Projects 450

Project Profile: Earned Value at Northrop Grumman 451

13.5 Issues in the Effective Use of Earned Value Management 452

13.6 Human Factors in Project Evaluation and Control 454

Critical Success Factor Definitions 456

Conclusions 458

Summary 458 · Key Terms 459 · Solved Problem 459 ·

Discussion Questions 460 · Problems 461 · Case Study 13.1 The

IT Department at Kimble College 463 · Case Study 13.2 The Superconducting

Supercollider 464 · Case Study 13.3 Boeing’s 787 Dreamliner:

Failure to Launch 465 · Internet Exercises 468 · MS Project

Exercises 468 · PMP Certification Sample Questions 469

· Appendix 13.1: Earned Schedule* 470 · Notes 475

Chapter 14 ProjeCt CloSeout and terMInatIon 477

Project Profile: Duke Energy and Its Cancelled Levy County Nuclear

Power Plant 478

Introduction 479

14.1 Types of Project Termination 480

Box 14.1: Project Managers in Practice 480

14.2 Natural Termination—The Closeout Process 482

Finishing the Work 482

Handing Over the Project 482

Gaining Acceptance for the Project 483

Harvesting the Benefits 483

Reviewing How It All Went 483

Putting It All to Bed 485

Disbanding the Team 486

What Prevents Effective Project Closeouts? 486

14.3 Early Termination for Projects 487

Making the Early Termination Decision 489

Project Profile: Case — Aftermath of a “Feeding Frenzy”: Dubai and Ca ncelled

Construction Projects 490

Shutting Down the Project 490

Box 14.2: Project Management Research in Brief 492

Allowing for Claims and Disputes 493

14.4 Preparing the Final Project Report 494

Conclusion 496

Summary 496 · Key Terms 497 · Discussion Questions 497

· Case Study 14.1 New Jersey Kills Hudson River Tunnel Project 497

· Case Study 14.2 The Project That Wouldn’t Die 499 · Case Study 14.3

The Navy Scraps Development of Its Showpiece Warship—Until the Next

Bad Idea 500 · Internet Exercises 501 · PMP Certification Sample

Questions 502 · Appendix 14.1: Sample Pages from Project Sign-off

Document 503 · Notes 507

Appendix A The Cumulative Standard Normal Distribution 509

Appendix B Tutorial for MS Project 2013 510

Appendix C Project Plan Template 520

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