學科組介紹
學科組成員:徐旭東 孔任秋 胡晗華 高宏
學科組介紹: 該學科組以
藍藻和
綠藻作為模式研究藻類和植物的抗寒機理、亞細胞結構發生及細胞分化。利用功能基因組學方法對集胞藻PCC6803和南極小球藻進行系統的分析,主要針對寒冷適應、類囊體膜發生和極弱光強感應;對一種絲狀固氮藍藻異形胞分化相關基因進行分析,著重弄清細胞分裂和細胞分化的互動調控。此外,該學科組試圖利用藻類進行蚊蟲持久控制、有毒有機污染物的降解和生物柴油的低成本生產。學科組長:徐旭東研究員/博士;主要成員:孔任秋,胡晗華,高宏。
該學科組主要研究藍藻對於逆境適應和細胞分化的分子機理,以及微藻工業生物技術。
藍藻也稱為藍細菌,是一類進行產氧型光合作用的原核生物,廣泛分布於海洋、內陸水體、極地、熱泉和一些陸生環境,對於大氣中二氧化碳和氧氣濃度起重要作用。有些藍藻類群能夠分化異形胞固定空氣中的氮,適應氮營養缺乏環境。
該學科組的研究主要集中在兩個問題上,即(1)中溫藍藻越冬的分子機理,(2)絲狀固氮藍藻分化異形胞的分子機理。以集胞藻(Synechocystis sp.) PCC6803作為中溫藍藻的研究模式,他們發現,中溫藍藻可通過低溫誘導積累RNA結合蛋白1,並在a-維生素E和亞精胺等因子的支持下,獲得寒冷光照耐受性(ACLT),形成在冬季寒冷光照脅迫下的存活力。其系列研究建立的概念和方法開啟了藍藻越冬的分子遺傳學。以魚腥藻(Anabaena sp.)PCC7120作為絲狀固氮藍藻的研究模式,他們找到一個對於異形胞分化和圖式形成起重要作用的基因叢,發現主調控因子在若干基因上游的識別結合位點,以及一種單鏈DNA調控蛋白在異形胞分化中的作用。
許多真核微藻能夠積累油脂,而藻油可以被轉化為生物柴油;還有一些種類富含不飽和脂肪酸或其他有生理活性的代謝物。該學科組試圖通過微藻的大量培養吸收利用NOx和CO2,生產油脂、不飽和脂肪酸和有價值的次生代謝物。
近期部分論文
1. Degang Ning, Xudong Xu, 2004. alr0117, a two-component histidine kinase gene, is involved in heterocyst development in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Microbiology-SGM,150:447-453.
2. Yu Wang, Xudong Xu, 2005. Regulation by hetC of genes required for heterocyst differentiation and cell division in Anabaena sp. Journal of Bacteriology, 187: 8489-8493.
3. Juan Fu, Xudong Xu, 2006.Functional divergence of two glgP homologues in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 260: 201-209.
4. Chuntao Yin, Weizhi Li, Ye Du, Renqiu Kong, Xudong Xu, 2007. Identification of a gene, ccr-1 (sll1242), required for chill-light tolerance and growth at 15C in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Microbiology-SGM, 153: 1261-1267.
5. Yu Wang, Sigal Lechno-Yossef, Yangmin Gong, Qing Fan, C. Peter Wolk,Xudong Xu, 2007. Predicted glycosyl transferase genes located outside of the HEP island are required for formation of heterocyst envelope polysaccharide in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. Journal of Bacteriology, 189: 5372-5378.
6. Wei Zhang, Ye Du, Ivan Khudyakov, Qing Fan, Hong Gao, Degang Ning, C. Peter Wolk and Xudong Xu, 2007. A gene cluster that regulates both heterocyst differentiation and pattern formation in Anabaena sp. strain PCC 7120. Molecular Microbiology, 66:1429-1443.
7. Yang Yang, Chuntao Yin, Weizhi Li, Xudong Xu, 2008. a-tocopherol is essential for the acquired chill-light tolerance (ACLT) in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Journal of Bacteriology, 190:1554-1560.
8. Hong Gao, Xudong Xu, 2009. Depletion of Vipp1 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 affects photosynthetic activity prior to the loss of thylakoid membranes. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 292:63-70.
9. Haibo Jiang, Renqiu Kong, Xudong Xu, 2010. The N-acetylmuramic acid 6-phosphate etherase gene promotes the growth and cell differentiation in cyanobacteria under light-limiting conditions. Journal of Bacteriology, 192:2239-2245.
10. Dongli He, Xudong Xu, 2010. CalA, a cyAbrB protein, binds to the upstream region of ftsZ and is down-regulated in heterocysts in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Archives of Microbiology, 192:461-469.
11. Xiaoming Tan, Tao Zhu, Si Shen, Chuntao Yin, Hong Gao, Xudong Xu, 2011. Role of Rbp1 in the acquired chill-light tolerance of cyanobacteria. Journal of Bacteriology, 193: 2675-2683.
12. Xiaoxiang Liu, Yali Wang, Hong Gao, Xudong Xu, 2011. Identification and characterization of genes encoding two novel LEA proteins in Antarctic and temperate strains of Chlorella vulgaris. Gene, 482:51-58.
13. Yali Wang, Xiaoxiang Liu, Hong Gao, Xudong Xu, 2011. Characterization of the tandem-arrayed hiC6 genes in Antarctic and temperate strains of Chlorella vulgaris. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 325:130-139.
14. Hong Gao, Xudong Xu, 2012. The cyanobacterial NAD kinase gene sll1415 is required for photoheterotrophic growth and cellular redox homeostasis in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Journal of Bacteriology, 194:218-224.
15. Ye Du, Yan Cai, Shengwei Hou and Xudong Xu, 2012. Identification of the HetR-recognition sequence upstream of hetZ in Anabaena sp. Strain PCC 7120. Journal of Bacteriology, 194: 2297-2306.
16. Weizhi Li, Hong Gao, Chuntao Yin and Xudong Xu, 2012. Identification of a novel thylakoid protein gene involved in cold acclimation in cyanobacteria. Microbiology-SGM, 158: 2440-2449.
17. Yun Wang, Xudong Xu, 2013. Effects of Rbp3 on lipid peroxidation and salt tolerance in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. FEBS Letters, 587: 1446-1451.
18. Xiangzhi Zhu, Qiong Li, Chuntao Yin, Xiantao Fang, Xudong Xu, 2015. Role of spermidine in overwintering of cyanobacteria. Journal of Bacteriology, 197: 2325-2334.
19. Lang Hu, Renqiu Kong, Xudong Xu, 2015. Autumnal increase in proportion of toxic Microcystis in Lake Taihu depends more on temperature adaptability than on effects of toxigenicity. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 119: 744-752.
20. Hong Gao, Tao Zhu, Min Xu, Shuai Wang, Xudong Xu, Renqiu Kong, 2016. pH-dependent gas vesicle formation in Microcystis. FEBS Letters, 590: 3195-3201.
專著專利
(1)一種利於收穫的藍藻的基因轉移方法(ZL 00 1 28152.6)。發明人:徐旭東,孔任秋。
(2)產油單針藻LB50的獲得及套用(ZL 2013 1 0426399.5)。發明人:孔任秋,徐旭東,席瑋芳,高宏,方仙桃。
(3)產油單針藻LB59的獲得及套用(ZL 2013 1 0428561.7)。發明人:孔任秋,徐旭東,席瑋芳,高宏,方仙桃。
(4)一種鏈帶藻NMX451的獲得和遺傳轉化的方法(ZL 2013 1 0407874.4)。發明人:孔任秋,徐旭東,余桂蘭,高宏,方仙桃。