內容簡介
本書綜述了近十年我國學界尤其是外語學界在普通語言學領域的研究。開篇對“普通語 言學”這一概念做了界定和辨析。在此基礎上,全書聚焦語言學理論層面的研究,分別梳理 了近十年生成語言學、認知語言學和系統功能語言學視角下的普通語言學研究。另有兩章分 別綜述近十年索緒爾研究和具有普通語言學意義的實證研究。
圖書目錄
目錄
第1章緒論:普通語言學的界定 ····························· 1
1.1 普通語言學的定義 ············································ 1
1.2 普通語言學和理論語言學的關係 ························· 3
1.3 語言的普遍屬性研究 ········································· 7
1.3.1 語言普遍性:類型學的視角 ·································· 7
1.3.2 語言普遍性:“普遍語法”的爭議 ······················· 10
1.4 各章內容安排 ················································· 19
第2章生成語言學視角下的普通語言學研究 ···············21
2.1 引言 ····························································· 21
2.2 生成語言學概述 ············································· 22
2.2.1 起點:語言的特殊性 ··········································· 22
2.2.2 核心概念:普遍語法、語言官能和 I–語言 ········ 24
2.2.3 論元結構的研究 ··················································· 28
2.2.4 參數理論 ······························································ 33
2.3 生成語言學視角下的普通語言學研究回顧 ··········· 38
2.3.1 理論介紹 ······························································ 38
2.3.2 句法製圖理論研究 ··············································· 40
2.3.3 格理論研究 ·························································· 45
2.3.4 生成語言學中的詞庫研究···································· 50
2.3.5 生物語言學研究 ··················································· 54
2.4 評述與展望 ···················································· 58
第3章認知語言學視角下的普通語言學研究 ···············63
3.1 引言 ····························································· 63
3.1.1 認知語言學概貌 ··················································· 63
3.1.2 中國外語界近十年研究概覽 ································ 69
3.2 認知語言學基本理論的引介與反思 ···················· 70
3.2.1 具身認知 ······························································ 70
3.2.2 認知識解理論 ······················································ 73
3.2.3 Langacker主觀性理論 ········································· 77
3.2.4 “基於使用”的語言觀 ········································· 80
3.2.5 宏事件理論 ·························································· 84
3.3 認知語言學與跨學科研究 ································ 86
3.3.1 認知語言學的“社會轉向”·································· 87
3.3.2 認知語言學的“量化轉向”·································· 91
3.3.3 認知音系學 ·························································· 93
3.3.4 認知類型學 ·························································· 94
3.3.5 對認知語言學跨學科研究的反思 ························ 95
3.4 認知語言學視角下的漢外對比研究 ···················· 96
3.5 評述與展望 ···················································· 99
第4章系統功能語言學視角下的普通語言學研究········ 103
4.1 引言 ··························································· 103
4.2 系統功能語言學:關鍵概念的提出和理論發展的脈絡 ······ 104
4.2.1 理論起點和核心概念 ········································· 105
4.2.2 理論的進化和豐富 ············································· 107
4.3 系統功能語言學視角下的普通語言學研究動向 ··· 109
4.3.1 辭彙語法的研究 ················································· 110
4.3.2 語法隱喻的研究 ················································· 120
4.3.3 語篇語義框架的研究 ········································· 123
4.3.4 語類相關的研究 ················································· 127
4.3.5 兒童語言習得研究 ············································· 131
4.3.6 研究方法的新討論 ············································· 132
4.4 評述與展望 ·················································· 134
第5章索緒爾研究與普通語言學研究 ····················· 137
5.1 引言 ··························································· 137
5.1.1 2010年之前國內索緒爾研究簡述····················· 138
5.1.2 近十年索緒爾研究的主要形式·························· 139
5.1.3 本章內容簡述 ···················································· 140
5.2 索緒爾語言學思想研究 ·································· 141
5.2.1 索緒爾語言學思想的整體性研究 ······················ 141
5.2.2 任意性問題的研究 ············································· 149
5.2.3 語言價值理論的研究 ········································· 153
5.3 索緒爾語言理論的思想探源研究 ····················· 154
5.3.1 Saussure與Whitney ········································· 156
5.3.2 Saussure與Courtenay······································· 157
5.3.3 Saussure與Paul ················································ 159
5.3.4 “價值理論”探源 ··············································· 161
5.3.5 總結 ···································································· 163
5.4 理論對比及後世影響研究 ······························ 163
5.4.1 Saussure與Peirce·············································· 165
5.4.2 Saussure與Bakhtin ··········································· 167
5.4.3 Saussure與Chomsky ········································ 169
5.4.4 語言學史中的Saussure ····································· 172
5.5 《普通語言學手稿》的研究 ····························· 176
5.5.1 《手稿》版本評介 ··············································· 177
5.5.2 《手稿》思想研究 ··············································· 178
5.6 述評和展望 ·················································· 179
第6章實證研究中的普通語言學研究 ····················· 183
6.1 引言 ··························································· 183
6.2 近十年國內外語界普通語言學實證研究主要話題······················································ 184
6.2.1 習得類研究綜述 ················································· 185
6.2.2 非習得類研究綜述 ············································· 202
6.3 近十年國內外語界普通語言學實證研究主要研究方法 ··············································· 213
6.4 總結與前瞻 ·················································· 217
參考文獻 ························································ 219
術語表··························································· 263
圖 目 錄
圖2–1 外骨架模式下的事件結構 ······························································· 31
圖2–2 第一語段句法理論中的事件結構···················································· 32
圖2–3 X–階結構························································································ 34
圖2–4 依存格相關結構 ·············································································· 49
圖3–1 基於“體認一元觀”的認知語言學模型 ········································ 72
圖3–2 不同的識解方式·············································································· 74
圖3–3 不同主觀性識解模式 ······································································ 78
圖3–4 宏事件結構 ······················································································ 84
圖3–5 認知類型學理論假設 ······································································ 95
圖3–6 英漢語詞類範疇 ·············································································· 97
圖3–7 主謂結構與對言結構 ······································································ 98
圖5–1 索氏理論的哥白尼革命之精神所在 ··············································· 145
圖5–2 Saussure和Peirce“符號”形式的對比 ······································· 166
表 目 錄
表6–1 國內外語界2011—2020年普通語言學實證研究主要研究話題 ·················· 184
表6–2 國內外語界2011—2020年普通語言學實證研究主要研究方法 ·················· 213