文山石山苣苔

文山石山苣苔（Petrocodon wenshanensis Xin Hong, W. H. Qin & F. Wen）是發現於中國西南部雲南省苦苣苔科植物一新種。

文山石山苣苔屬於菊超目 Asteranae唇形目 Lamiales苦苣苔科 Gesneriaceae石山苣苔屬 Petrocodon。

（概述圖為文山石山苣苔植物，圖片資源來源）

基本介紹

• 中文名：文山石山苣苔
• 拉丁學名：Petrocodon wenshanensis Xin Hong, W. H. Qin & F. Wen
• 界：植物界
• 門：被子植物門
• 綱：木蘭綱 
• 目：唇形目
• 科：苦苣苔科
• 屬：石山苣苔屬
• 種：文山石山苣苔
• 分布區域：中國西南部雲南省文山壯族苗族自治州

植物學史

2020年，分布於文山壯族苗族自治州境內的3個苦苣苔科植物新種正式發表，文山石山苣苔為其中之一。

這些新物種是文山市國家級自然保護區管護分局與中國科學院昆明植物研究所、廣西植物研究所、中國科學院大學、安徽大學、中國苦苣苔科保育中心、桂林植物園等科研機構和大學院校長期聯合科考過程中發現的，其研究成果已發表在相關國際分類學核心期刊上。

該研究得到了國家自然科學基金、安徽省重點大學科研項目、廣西科學院科研基金和中國西南野生生物種質資源庫野生植物種質資源的調查、收集與保存項目等資金的資助。

形態特徵

Perennial herbs. Rhizomatous stem subterete, 30–75 mm long, 6–10 mm in diameter. Leaves basal, opposite and congested at rhizome apex; petiole 1.5–4.5 cm long, densely pubescent. Leaf blade chartaceous, ovate, 3–6 × 2–4 cm, apex acute, base broadly cuneiform or shallowly cordate, slightly oblique, margin crenulate, densely pubescent on both surfaces, lateral veins ca. 4 pairs on each side of midrib, concave adaxially, prominent abaxially. Cymes 1–3, axillary, 1–2-branched, 1–3(–6)-flowered; peduncles 4–6 cm long, densely glandular puberulent and sparsely strigillose; bracts 2, opposite, linear, ca. 5 × 0.8 mm, outside densely strigose, inside glabrous. Pedicels 2–8 mm long, glandular and eglandular pubescent. Calyx 5-lobed from base, segments narrowly lanceolate-linear, equal, ca. 5 × 0.9 mm, outside strigose, inside glabrous. Corolla zygomorphic, purple, 2.5–3.0 cm long, glandular and eglandular pubescent on both sides; corolla tubes infundibula-form, slender, gradually dilated and bent towards the throat; 17–19 mm long, 4–6 mm in diameter at the mouth, 2–2.5 mm in diameter at the base; limb distinctly 2-lipped; adaxial lip 2-lobed to the base, lobes ca. 8 mm long, orbicular triangular, apex acute, margin erosulate only near the apex; abaxial lip 3-lobed to the base, lobes 8–9 mm long, subequal, oblong, apex acute, margin erosulate only near the apex to nearly entire. Stamens 2, adnate ca. 10 mm above the corolla base, glabrous; filaments 2–3.5 mm long, strongly geniculate at the middle; anthers yellow, nearly reniform, ca. 1 mm, fused by their entire adaxial surfaces, dehiscing longitudinally; staminodes 3, linear, 0.5–0.7 mm long, adnate ca. 8 mm above the corolla base. Disc ring-like, ca. 0.7 mm high, with repand margin. Pistil 1.3–1.5 cm long; ovary ca. 2 × 1 mm, pilose; style 11–13 mm long, densely pilose, stigmas 2, ovate, ca. 0.6 mm long, lobes ca. 0.4 mm long. Capsule narrowly elliptic, dehiscing loculicidally into 2 valves.

分布範圍

文山石山苣苔在文山壯族苗族自治州境內有分布。