延續性動詞是指表示能夠延續的動作。如：study, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, live,have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep,stay等。
基本介紹
- 中文名：延續性動詞
- 外文名：durative verb
- 釋義：表示能夠延續的動作
- 示例：study, work, stand, lie, know
簡介,終止性動詞,兩者的轉換,動詞相關分類,
簡介
動詞按其動作發生的方式、動作發生過程的長短，可分為延續性動詞和終止性動詞。
延續性動詞又名持續性動詞，它表示能夠延續的動作，這種動作可以長時間延續下去或產生持久的影響。英語中的延續性動詞比較多，如work, stand, lie, know等。
1. He worked all day in the laboratory. 他在實驗室幹了一天。
2. I waited for you for more than half an hour. 我等你等了半個多小時了。
表示時間段的短語有:for+ 時間,for 2 years; since從句,since he came here; since+時間點名詞,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
終止性動詞
也稱非延續性動詞、瞬間動詞或點動詞，表示不能延續的動作,這種動作發生後立即結束。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy,arrive等。
例:He died 5 years ago.
否定的終止性動詞可以與表示時間段的時間狀語連用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.
兩者的轉換
leave --- be away,
borrow --- keep,
buy --- have,
begin/start --- be on,
die --- be dead,
finish --- be over
join --- be on+組織機構, be a member of+組織機構,
open sth --- keep sth open,
fall ill --- be ill
get up---be up,
come here --- be here,
go there --- be there,
become --- be,
come back --- be back,
fall asleep --- be asleep
get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in)
leave --- be away from,
get to know --- know,
go (get) out →be out，
put on→ wear
catch a cold →have a cold
marry/get married---be married等。
例:The old man died 4 years ago
. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.
---- It is 4 years since the old man died.
----Four years has passed since the old man died.
He joined the Party 2 years ago.
-----He has been in the Party for 2 years. I bought the book 5 days ago
. ---- I have had the book for 5 days.
動詞相關分類
延續性動詞表示能夠延續的動作，這種動作可以延續下去或產生持久影響，又叫非點動詞。延續性動詞的用法很廣，常見於現在完成時中的句子中，且常與for，how，long，since等引導的表示一段時間的狀語或狀語從句連用。
終止性動詞也稱非延續性動詞、瞬間動詞或短暫性動詞，表示不能延續的動作，這種動作發生後立即結束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy,die等。終止性動詞又叫點動詞，可用於現在完成時態，但由於動作是瞬時間完成的所以不能與for或since引出的時間狀語連用。英語中常見的非延續性動詞在完成時態中可改為相應的表示延續性的動詞或短語，這時可與表示一段時間的的狀語連用。
非延續性動詞相對應的延續性動詞如下：
1. The meetinghas begun / startedfor half an hour. (誤)
The meetinghas been onfor half an hour. (對)
2. His fatherhas diedfor two years. (誤)
His fatherhas been deadfor two years. (對)
3. Theyhave come here / gone therefor three years. (誤)
Theyhave been here / been therefor three years. (對)
4. The concerthas finishedfor half an hour. (誤)
The concerthas been overfor half an hour. (對)
5. You canborrowthe book for one week. (誤)
You cankeepthe book for one week. (對)
6. The boyhas lefthome for one month. (誤)
The boyhas been away fromhome for one month. (對)
7. I haveboughtthe book for ten years. (誤)
I havehadthe book for ten years. (對)
8. Wehave got to knowhim for many years. (誤)
Wehave knownhim for many years. (對)
9. Hehas joinedthe club for two years. (誤)
Hehas been a member ofthe club for two years. (對)
Hehas been inthe club for two years. (對)
10. How long has your sisterbecomea teacher? (誤)
How long has your sisterbeena teacher? (對)
11. Tomhas caught a coldsince the day before yesterday. (誤)
Tomhas had a coldsince the day before yesterday. (對)
12. Shehas put onthis coat for almost a week. (誤)
Shehas wornthis coat for almost a week. (對)
13. Theyhave marriedfor eight years. (誤)
Theyhave been marriedfor eight years. (對)
14. Tomhas fallen / has gotill for three days. (誤)
Tomhas beenill for three days. (對)
15. Hehas fallen asleep / has got to sleepfor fifteen minutes. (誤)
He has been asleep for fifteen minutes. (對)
16. The babyhas woken upfor half an hour. (誤)
The babyhas been awakefor half an hour. (對)
17. Wehave got upfor twenty minutes. (誤)
Wehave been upfor twenty minutes(對)
18. The doorhas opened / closedfor two hours. (誤)
The doorhas been open / closefor two hours. (對)
19. Theyhave returned / have come backfor two weeks. (誤)
Theyhave been backfor two weeks. (對)
20. Theyhave reached / arrived at / got tothe station for ten minutes. (誤)
Theyhave been atthe station for ten minutes. (對)
21. Hehas joinedthe army for five years. (誤)
Hehas been inthe army for five years. (對)
22. Theyhave moved toShanghai for four years. (誤)
Theyhave been inShanghai for four years. (對)
23. Theyhave come / gone outfor many years. (誤)
Theyhave been outfor many years. (對)
24. Ihave lostthe key for two days. (誤)
Ihaven't hadthe key for two days. (對)
25. Wehave openedthe door for two hours. (誤)
Wehave kept thedooropenfor two hours. (對)
26. Maryhas madefriends with Rose since they met in 2000. (誤)
Maryhas beenfriends with Rose since they met in 2000. (對)
27. Hehas fallenin love with Mary for two years. (誤)
Hehas beenin love with Mary for two years. (對)
28. The bushas stoppedon the road for 2 hours so far. (誤)
The bushas beenon the road for 2 hours so far. (對)
29. Are youputting onthe jacket these days? (誤)
Are youwearingthe jacket these days? (對)
30. Ihave lent himthe book for two weeks. (誤)
Ihave let him havethe book for two weeks. (對)
31. Hehas gone to bedfor two hours. (誤)
Hehas been in bedfor two hours. (對)
