內容簡介
本教材分為理論篇與實務篇,共二十一章。其中,理論篇全面講解了青少年社會工作的基本概念歷史、價值觀與職業素養、理論基礎、主要方法、青少年發展特徵、青少年成長環境、青少年社會福利政策、服務項目的開發與設計、項目運行的組織與管理等;實務篇主要講解了藥物濫用、抑鬱症、戀愛、受虐、學業倦怠、貧困、殘疾、流動、留守、網路成癮、災後心理、犯罪等青少年常見問題及介入方法。
目錄
上篇:理論篇
第一章 青少年社會工作概述 ················002
第一節 青少年的界定 ···················002
一、青少年的年齡界定 ··················002
二、青少年的定義 ························004
三、青少年的本質屬性 ··················005
四、青少年觀 ······························006
第二節 認識青少年社會工作 ··········007
一、青少年社會工作的概念 ············007
二、青少年社會工作的內涵和外延 ···008
三、青少年社會工作的層次結構 ······009
四、青少年社會工作的要素 ············010
第三節 青少年社會工作在西方的
發展 ·······························014
一、青少年社會工作的發展背景 ······014
二、青少年社會工作的發展階段 ······017
第四節 青少年社會工作在中國的
發展 ·······························024
一、中國青少年社會工作的發展
背景 ····································024
二、中國青少年社會工作的實踐
模式 ····································026
三、中國青少年社會工作的基本
經驗 ····································028
第二章 青少年社會工作的價值觀、
倫理與職業素養 ························030
第一節 青少年社會工作的價值觀 ····030
一、價值與價值觀 ························030
二、社會工作價值觀 ·····················030
三、青少年社會工作價值觀的內涵 ·····033
四、青少年社會工作價值觀的作用 ···035
第二節 青少年社會工作倫理 ··········036
一、社會工作倫理 ························036
二、青少年社會工作倫理的內容 ······037
三、青少年社會工作中的倫理困境 ···039
四、青少年社會工作的倫理原則 ······041
五、青少年社會工作專業倫理的作用 ···042
六、案例分析 ······························042
第三節 青少年社會工作者的職業
素養及其角色 ···················045
一、青少年社會工作者的職業素養 ···045
二、青少年社會工作者的角色 ·········048
第三章 青少年社會工作相關理論 ··········050
第一節 以心理學為基礎的相關理論 ···050
一、精神分析理論 ························050
二、行為主義理論 ························053
三、人本主義理論 ························054
四、認知發展理論 ························055
五、社會學習理論 ························056
六、心理社會發展階段理論 ············057
第二節 以社會學為基礎的相關理論 ···059
一、社會系統理論 ························059
二、社會交換理論 ························060
三、社會衝突理論 ························062
四、社會互動理論 ························063
五、社會角色理論 ························064
六、越軌理論 ······························065
七、社會化理論 ···························066
IV
第三節 社會工作實務相關理論 ·······069
一、優勢視角理論 ························069
二、生態系統理論 ························070
三、社會支持網路理論 ··················071
四、增能理論 ······························072
第四章 青少年的發展與特徵 ·················074
第一節 青少年的生理髮育 ············074
一、青少年的生理髮育的含義及
過程 ····································074
二、青春期的生理特徵 ··················075
第二節 青少年的心理發展 ·············078
一、青少年心理發展特徵 ···············078
二、青少年的心理問題 ··················080
第三節 青少年的社會性發展 ··········081
一、青少年社會性發展的含義及
影響因素 ······························081
二、青少年社會性發展的主要
表現 ····································083
第五章 青少年的成長環境 ····················085
第一節 家庭 ·······························085
一、家庭環境 ······························085
二、家庭環境與青少年成長 ············088
三、構築良好的家庭環境 ···············089
第二節 學校 ·······························089
一、學校環境 ······························089
二、同輩群體 ······························091
三、學校環境與青少年成長 ············092
四、構築良好的學校環境 ···············093
第三節 社區 ·······························095
一、社區環境 ······························095
二、社區環境與青少年成長 ············097
三、構築適合青少年成長的社區
環境 ····································098
第四節 媒體 ·······························099
一、媒體環境 ······························099
二、媒體對青少年的影響 ···············099
第六章 青少年社會福利政策 ·················101
第一節 青少年社會福利政策概述 ····101
一、社會福利與青少年社會福利 ······101
二、社會福利政策與青少年社會福利
政策 ····································103
三、青少年社會福利政策的特點與
目標 ····································103
四、國際社會對青少年社會福利政策的
原則、任務及優先領域 ············104
第二節 已開發國家青少年社會福利
政策 ·······························107
一、瑞典青少年社會福利政策 ·········107
二、德國青少年社會福利政策 ·········108
三、法國青少年社會福利政策 ·········109
四、日本青少年社會福利政策 ··········110
第三節 我國青少年社會福利政策 ····111
一、我國社會福利與青少年社會福利
政策的發展 ····························111
二、我國青少年社會福利政策的具體
內容 ·····································111
三、我國青少年福利政策存在的問題
及完善 ··································114
第七章 青少年社會工作基本方法 ···········115
第一節 青少年個案工作 ················115
一、青少年個案工作概述 ················115
二、青少年個案工作的原則 ·············116
三、青少年個案工作的介入模式 ·······117
四、青少年個案工作的過程 ·············118
五、青少年個案工作案例分析 ··········119
第二節 青少年小組工作 ················122
一、青少年小組工作概述 ···············122
二、青少年小組工作的原則 ············123
三、青少年小組工作的類型 ············124
四、 青少年小組工作的介入模式 ·····125
五、青少年小組工作的過程 ············126
六、青少年小組工作案例分析 ·········128
V
第三節 青少年社區工作 ················131
一、青少年社區工作概述 ···············131
二、青少年社區工作的類型 ············132
三、青少年社區工作的介入模式 ······133
四、青少年社區工作的過程 ············134
五、青少年社區工作案例分析 ·········135
第八章 青少年社會工作項目開發與
設計 ··········································141
第一節 了解區域概況 ···················141
一、了解社區概況 ························141
二、了解學校概況 ························142
第二節 建立工作關係 ···················143
一、專業關係的特點 ·····················144
二、建立專業關係的五要素 ············144
三、建立專業關係的技巧 ···············144
四、與青少年建立專業關係的技巧 ···145
第三節 開展需求調研 ···················146
一、青少年需求的定義 ··················146
二、青少年需求的類型 ··················147
三、青少年需求調研設計 ···············147
四、需求調研報告的撰寫 ···············148
第四節 策劃服務方案 ···················149
一、明確需求 ······························149
二、制定目標 ······························151
三、選擇策略 ······························154
四、明確行動 ······························155
五、風險預估與管理 ·····················156
六、檢驗邏輯關係 ························157
七、檢查項目方案設計 ··················157
第五節 提供具體服務 ···················157
一、針對一般需求的基本方法 ·········158
二、針對特殊需求的介入方法 ·········158
第六節 評估服務成效 ···················159
一、設計評估方案 ························159
二、收集評估資料 ························160
三、形成評估報告 ························160
第九章 青少年社會工作項目運營與
管理 ··········································163
第一節 項目時間管理 ···················163
一、項目活動的定義 ·····················163
二、項目活動排序 ························164
三、項目活動時間估計 ··················164
四、制訂進度計畫 ························165
五、進度控制 ······························165
第二節 項目規範性管理 ················165
一、服務程式規範 ························166
二、檔案管理規範 ························167
三、服務對象權益保障規範 ············167
第三節 項目質量管理 ···················168
一、建立社會工作服務質量體系 ······168
二、建立內部和外部相結合的服務
質量監督與評估機制 ···············168
三、根據服務質量評估情況改進服務,
完善制度 ······························169
第四節 項目溝通管理 ···················169
一、制訂溝通計畫 ························169
二、靈活運用各種溝通形式 ············169
三、保證溝通渠道暢通 ··················170
第五節 項目宣傳管理 ···················170
一、項目宣傳計畫的制訂 ···············170
二、項目宣傳計畫的開展與監測 ······171
第六節 項目風險管理 ···················171
一、項目風險識別 ························172
二、項目風險評估 ························173
三、項目風險處理 ························173
第七節 項目人力資源管理 ·············173
一、人員規劃 ······························174
二、組織與建設團隊 ·····················174
三、團隊考核與激勵 ·····················176
第八節 項目經費管理 ···················177
一、項目費用估算 ························177
二、項目經費預算 ························177
三、項目經費控制 ························179
下篇:實務篇
第十章 藥物濫用青少年群體 ················182
第一節 藥物濫用概述 ···················182
第二節 青少年藥物濫用的原因 ·······183
一、個人層面 ······························183
二、家庭層面 ······························184
三、同伴及學校層面 ·····················185
四、社會層面 ······························186
第三節 藥物濫用青少年群體的
社會工作干預和介入 ··········186
一、個體層面的介入 ·····················186
二、家庭層面的介入 ·····················187
三、社會層面的介入 ·····················187
四、案例分析 ······························187
第十一章 抑鬱症青少年群體 ·················191
第一節 青少年抑鬱症概述 ·············191
一、青少年抑鬱症的概念 ···············191
二、青少年抑鬱症的診斷標準 ·········191
第二節 抑鬱症青少年群體的可能
表現 ·······························193
一、生理層面 ······························193
二、心理層面 ······························193
三、行為層面 ······························193
第三節 青少年抑鬱症的產生原因 ····194
一、個體因素 ······························194
二、家庭因素 ······························194
三、社會環境因素 ························195
第四節 抑鬱症青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················196
一、人際互動心理治療 ··················196
二、反應制約治療(放鬆訓練) ··········197
三、認知行為治療 ························197
四、家庭治療 ······························198
五、案例分析 ······························199
第十二章 戀愛青少年群體 ····················202
第一節 青少年戀愛概述 ················202
一、青少年戀愛的概念 ··················203
二、 青少年戀愛的表現 ·················203
三、 青少年戀愛的特徵 ·················203
第二節 青少年戀愛的類型及階段 ····204
一、青少年戀愛的不同類型 ············204
二、青少年戀愛心理的演變階段 ······206
第三節 青少年戀愛行為產生的原因 ···206
一、青少年生理與心理的發展 ·········207
二、家庭教養方式 ························208
三、社會文化 ······························208
第四節 戀愛青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················208
一、幫助青少年樹立正確認知與
戀愛觀 ·································209
二、家長與老師應保有的觀念與
態度 ····································210
三、學校應正確引導 ·····················210
第五節 同性戀青少年群體 ·············211
一、性取向與同性戀 ······················211
二、同性戀的產生因素 ··················212
三、性取向轉變 ···························213
第十三章 受虐青少年群體 ···················214
第一節 受虐青少年群體概述 ··········214
一、青少年受虐的概念 ··················214
二、青少年受虐的類型 ··················214
三、青少年受虐的現狀 ··················215
第二節 校園暴力與家庭暴力 ··········216
一、校園暴力 ······························216
二、家庭暴力 ······························218
第三節 受虐青少年群體存在的問題 ·219
一、受虐青少年的行為 ··················219
二、受虐青少年的心理 ··················220
第四節 受虐青少年群體的社會工作
介入和干預 ······················221
一、 介入青少年虐待遇到的難題 ·····221
二、對受虐青少年的介入 ···············222
第十四章 學業倦怠青少年群體 ············228
第一節 學業倦怠青少年群體概述 ····228
一、學業倦怠青少年的概念 ············228
二、學業倦怠青少年的現狀 ············228
三、學業倦怠青少年的表現 ············229
第二節 青少年產生學業倦怠的原因 ···229
一、內部因素 ······························229
二、外部因素 ······························230
第三節 學業倦怠青少年群體存在的
問題 ·······························232
一、生理問題 ······························232
二、心理問題 ······························232
三、社會支持問題 ························232
第四節 學業倦怠青少年群體的社會
工作干預和介入 ················233
一、案情介紹 ······························233
二、問題評估 ······························234
三、介入目標與過程 ·····················234
四、介入反思 ······························236
第十五章 貧困青少年群體 ····················238
第一節 貧困青少年群體概述 ··········238
一、貧困青少年的概念 ··················238
二、貧困青少年的現狀 ··················239
第二節 貧困青少年群體存在的問題 ·241
一、貧困影響青少年的身心健康
成長 ····································241
二、貧困影響青少年受教育權利 ······242
三、貧困誘發青少年行為不端 ·········242
第三節 青少年貧困的原因 ·············243
一、家庭因素 ······························243
二、社會因素 ······························243
第四節 貧困青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················244
一、案情介紹 ······························244
二、服務計畫 ······························245
三、 介入過程 ·····························247
四、案例評估 ······························248
第十六章 殘障青少年群體 ····················251
第一節 殘障青少年群體概述 ··········251
一、殘障青少年的概念 ··················251
二、殘障青少年的現狀 ··················251
第二節 殘障青少年群體面臨的
問題 ·······························253
一、教育問題 ······························253
二、就業問題 ······························254
三、心理問題 ······························255
四、社會融入問題 ························255
第三節 殘障青少年群體問題的
成因 ·······························256
一、教育問題產生的原因 ···············256
二、就業問題產生的原因 ···············257
三、心理問題產生的原因 ···············257
四、社會融入問題產生的原因 ·········258
第四節 殘障青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················258
一、相關理論 ······························258
二、個案工作方法 ························259
三、小組工作方法 ························261
四、社區工作方法 ························262
五、案例分析 ······························263
第十七章 流動青少年群體 ···················267
第一節 流動青少年群體概述 ··········267
一、流動青少年的概念 ··················267
二、流動青少年群體的現狀 ············267
第二節 流動青少年群體問題及
成因 ·······························268
一、流動青少年群體存在的問題 ······268
二、流動青少年問題產生的原因 ······271
第三節 流動青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················273
一、案例分析 ······························273
二、流動青少年群體的社會工作干預和
介入建議 ······························278
第十八章 留守青少年群體 ····················282
第一節 留守青少年群體概述 ··········282
一、留守青少年的研究背景 ············282
二、留守青少年的概念 ··················283
三、留守青少年群體的現狀 ············283
四、留守青少年的主要問題 ············283
第二節 留守青少年問題的成因 ·······286
一、家庭:親代缺位與親情饑渴 ······286
二、學校:數量與質量堪憂 ············287
三、政策:城鄉二元結構體制 ·········288
四、社會:次生傷害 ·····················289
第三節 留守青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················290
一、面向留守青少年開展社會工作的
理念宗旨 ······························290
二、面向留守青少年開展社會工作的
內容 ····································291
三、面向留守青少年開展社會工作的
方法 ····································292
四、案例分析 ······························296
第十九章 網路成癮青少年群體 ·············301
第一節 網路成癮概述 ···················301
一、網路成癮的內涵 ·····················301
二、網路成癮的類型 ·····················302
第二節 網路成癮青少年群體存在的
問題 ·······························304
一、個體層面 ······························305
二、家庭層面 ······························305
三、社會系統 ······························306
第三節 網路成癮青少年群體問題的
成因 ·······························306
一、個體發展因素 ························306
二、家庭因素 ······························307
三、學校因素 ······························308
四、社會因素 ······························308
第四節 網路成癮青少年群體的社會工作
干預和介入 ······················309
一、網路成癮與抗逆力 ··················309
二、對網路成癮青少年的小組工作
介入 ····································310
三、介入網路成癮青少年的抗逆力
方法的實施 ····························311
第二十章 災後青少年群體 ····················314
第一節 災害 ·······························314
一、災害概述 ······························314
二、災害的周期 ···························315
第二節 災後青少年 ······················316
一、災後青少年概述 ·····················316
二、災後青少年創傷後應激障礙 ······317