基本介紹
- 中文名:能量密度
- 外文名:Energy density
- 單位:焦耳/立方米,千焦/立方米
- 量綱:KG/(MS2)
- 含義:一定空間或質量物質儲存能量大小
- 用途:比較單位體積的電池所儲存的電量
簡介
完全能量密度
存儲形式 | 質量能量密度 (MJ/kg) | 容積能量密度 (MJ/L) | Peak recovery efficiency % | Practical recovery efficiency % |
質能等價 | 89,876,000,000 | |||
氫核聚變(太陽的能量來源) | 645,000,000 | |||
Deuterium-Tritium fusion | 337,000,000 | |||
88,250,000 | 1,500,000,000 | |||
24,000,000 | ||||
3,456,000 | 30% | |||
Hf-178m2 isomer | 1,326,000 | 17,649,060 | ||
Pu-238 a-decay | 15,500,000 | |||
443,000 | 30% | |||
Ta-180m isomer | 41,340 | 689,964 | ||
Specific orbital energyofLow Earth orbit(approximate) | 33 | |||
Cl2O7+CH4- 計算值 | 17.4 | |||
Cl2O7分解---計算值 | 12.2 | |||
11.3 | 12.9 | |||
八硝基立方烷炸藥--計算值 | 8.5 | 17 | ||
Tetranitrotetrahedraneexplosive - computed | 8.3 | |||
Heptanitrocubaneexplosive - computed | 8.2 | |||
Dinitroacetyleneexplosive - computed | 7.9 | |||
鈉(和氯反應) | 7.0349 | |||
Tetranitrocubaneexplosive - computed | 6.95 | |||
Ammonal(Al+NH4NO3oxidizer) | 6.9 | 12.7 | ||
Tetranitromethane+hydrazinebipropellant - computed | 6.6 | |||
Hexanitrobenzeneexplosive - computed | 6.5 | |||
奧克托今炸藥 - 計算值 | 6.3 | |||
ANFO-ANNM | 6.26 | |||
三硝基甲苯[Kinney, G.F.,K.J. Graham(1985).Explosive shocks in air.Springer-Verlag.ISBN 3-540-15147-8. ] | 4.610 | 6.92 | ||
4.13 | 20.9 | |||
4.00 | 18.4 | |||
過氧化氫分解 (asmonopropellant) | 2.7 | 3.8 | ||
納米線電池 | 2.54 | 29 | 95%Template:Clarify[3] | |
battery, Lithium Thionyl Chloride (LiSOCl2)[4] | 2.5 | |||
水220.64 bar, 373.8°CTemplate:Clarify | 1.968 | 0.708 | ||
Kinetic energy penetratorTemplate:Clarify | 1.9 | 30 | ||
battery, Fluoride ion | 1.7 | 2.8 | ||
氫閉循環燃料電池[5]sm=n | 1.62 | |||
肼(有毒)分解 (asmonopropellant) | 1.6 | 1.6 | ||
硝酸銨分解 (asmonopropellant) | 1.4 | 2.5 | ||
電容EEStor生產 (宣稱值)[6] | 1.2 | 5.7 | 99% | 99% |
Thermal Energy Capacity of Molten Salt | 1 | 98%[7] | ||
Molecular springapproximate | 1 | |||
battery, Sodium Sulfur | 0 | 1.23 | 85%[8] | |
battery, Lithium-manganese | 0.83-1.01 | 1.98-2.09 | ||
0.46-0.72 | 0.83-0.9 | 95% | ||
battery, Lithium Sulphur | 1.26 | 1.26 | ||
battery(Sodium Nickel Chloride)]], High Temperature | 0.56 | |||
battery, Silver-oxide | 0.47 | 1.8 | ||
Flywheel | 0.36-0.5 | |||
5.56x45 NATO子彈Template:Clarify | 0.4 | 3.2 | ||
鎳氫電池,消費產品的低功率產品 | 0.4 | 1.55 | ||
battery, Zinc-manganese (alkaline), long life design | 0.4-0.59 | 1.15-1.43 | ||
battery, Zinc Bromine flow (ZnBr) | 0.27 | |||
battery, Nickel metal hydride (NiMH), High Power design as used in cars | 0.250 | 0.493 | ||
battery, Nickel cadmium (NiCd) | 0.14 | 1.08 | 80% | |
battery, Zinc-Carbon | 0.13 | 0.331 | ||
battery, Lead acid | 0.14 | 0.36 | ||
battery, Vanadium redox | 0.09 | 0.1188 | 7070-75% | |
battery, Vanadium Bromide redox | 0.18 | 0.252 | 80%-90%[9] | |
CapacitorUltracapacitor | 0.0199[10] | 0.050 | ||
CapacitorSupercapacitor | 0.01 | 80%-98.5%[11] | 39%-70%[12] | |
Superconducting magnetic energy storage | 0.008[13] | >95% | ||
Capacitor | 0.002[14] | |||
Spring power(clock spring),torsion spring | 0.0003[15] | 0.0006 | ||
Storage type | Energy density by mass (MJ/kg) | Energy density by volume (MJ/L) | Peak recovery efficiency % | Practical recovery efficiency % |
電池能量密度
計算方法雖然簡單,不過同時需要注意以下幾點:
電池容量
放電平台
電池尺寸
上面囉嗦一大堆也不知道你看沒看,其實計算能量密度遠遠不如計算容量密度來的準確,客戶從來都是要容量的,誰看能量啊?且能量密度跟正極材料有關,三元平台低但是算能量密度時也不會將其放電平台算的低。一句話:能量密度非客戶需要且沒有容量密度準確,所以能量密度參考價值不是太大。
最後給出我們這裡的能量密度計算方法及對應單位:
能量密度(Wh/L)=電池容量(mAh)×3.7(V)/厚度(cm)/寬度(cm)/長度(cm)。