碳材料科學與工程：表征

《碳材料科學與工程：表征》是2017年清華大學出版社出版的書籍，作者是[日]Michio Inagaki、[中]Feiyu Kang。

基本介紹

• 書名：Materials Science and Engineering of Carbon:Characterization
• 作者：[日]Michio Inagaki、[中]Feiyu Kang
• ISBN：9787302471585
• 定價：180
• 出版社：清華大學出版社
• 出版時間：2017.06.01

內容簡介

碳材料由於其結構多樣性，導致其性能多樣化，因而套用領域廣闊，碳材料研究已受到全球材料科學界、物理學界、化學界的廣泛關注。本書系統介紹了碳材料表征技術及套用，包括X射線粉末衍射、小角X射線散射、透射電鏡、掃描電子顯微鏡、圖像分析、拉曼光譜、X射線光電子能譜、磁電阻、電化學性能、氣體吸附/解吸等溫線、熱分析、表面官能團滴定測定、程式升溫脫附技術。本書讀者對象為材料領域的科技人員、研究生和高校教師。本書以英文著述，並與Elsevier出版集團合作已在海外出版。

作者簡介

MichioInagaki教授，日本北海道大學榮休教授。擔任過日本碳素學會主席，JSPS117委員會主席，Carbon雜誌副主編。獲得過美國和中國碳素學會、日本陶瓷學會學術貢獻獎。出版8本書，發表700多篇學術論文。FeiyuKang（康飛宇），教授，清華大學深圳研究生院院長。現任SCI刊物《Carbon》顧問編委，SCI刊物《新型炭材料》副主編，層間化合物系列國際會議（ISIC）國際顧問委員會委員。曾獲國家發明獎等多項獎勵。出版中英文專著5部，在國內外發表論文200多篇。

目錄

ListofContributors

Preface..

Acknowledgments..

CHAPTER1Introduction1

MichioInagaki,FeiyuKang

1.1CarbonMaterials1

1.2CharacterizationofCarbonMaterials3

1.3StructureofthePresentBook.5

References6

CHAPTER2X-rayPowderDiffraction..7

NorioIwashita

2.1Introduction.7

2.2X-rayDiffractionPatternofCarbonMaterials8

2.3ParametersDeterminedbyX-rayDiffraction.10

2.4Instrumentation.11

2.5SpecificationsforMeasurement14

2.5.1PreparationofSampleforX-rayMeasurements14

2.5.2MeasurementandIntensityCorrectionofDiffraction

Profiles14

2.5.3CorrectionofDiffractionAngleWithInternal

Standard.16

2.5.4DeterminationofFullWidthatHalfMaximum

Intensity.17

2.5.5AccuracyoftheValuesDetermined.18

2.6DegreeofGraphitization18

2.7KeyIssuesforMeasurement..21

2.7.1DiffractionPattern21

2.7.2UseofInternalStandard.21

2.7.3UseofThinSampleHolder22

2.7.4IndexingtheDiffractionLine23

2.7.5SeparationintoComponentProfiles.23

2.8ConcludingRemarks24

References..24

CHAPTER3Small-AngleX-rayScattering.27

KatsuyaFukuyama,YoshikiyoHatakeyama

3.1Introduction27

3.2Fundamentals28

3.3KeyIssuesfortheMeasurements.33

3.4ApplicationsforCarbonMaterials35

3.4.1PorousCarbonFibers..35

3.4.2Glass-LikeCarbons.36

3.4.3MesocellularFoamCarbons(Silica-Templated

Carbons).38

3.4.4OpenPoresFormedbyAirOxidation.40

3.5ConcludingRemarks42

References..42

CHAPTER4TransmissionElectronMicroscopy..45

SylvieBonnamy,Agne`sOberlin

4.1Introduction45

4.2ModesofTransmissionElectronMicroscopy46

4.2.1DiffractingMode..47

4.2.2ImagingModes.47

4.3KeyIssuesforObservation48

4.3.1ObjectThickness(WeakPhaseObject)..48

4.3.2ContrastTransferFunctionoftheTransmission

ElectronMicroscope49

4.3.3DiffusionContrasts..54

4.3.4FresnelFringes,ie,EdgeFringes.54

4.5ApplicationsforCarbonMaterials56

4.5.1TransmissionElectronMicroscopyModestoStudy

CrystallinityofCarbonMaterials.56

4.5.2TransmissionElectronMicroscopyModesin

theStudyofCarbonizationandGraphitization.62

4.6Conclusions69

References..69

FurtherReading.70

CHAPTER5ScanningElectronMicroscopy.71

AkiraYoshida,YutakaKaburagi,YoshihiroHishiyama

5.1Introduction71

5.2InstrumentationandResolvingPower.72

5.2.1Instrumentation.73

5.2.2MagnificationandResolvingPowerofthe

ScanningElectronMicroscope..75

5.2.3EdgeEffectsAppearinginSEModeImages.76

5.3SpecimenPreparation..77

5.4ObservationWiththeOut-LensObjectiveLensSystem.79

5.5ObservationWiththeSnorkelObjectiveLensSystem.81

5.6ObservationWiththeIn-LensSystem.82

5.7ElectronChannelingEffect83

5.7.1ElectronChannelingEffectforKishGraphite..83

5.7.2ElectronChannelingPatternforKishGraphite

andHOPGSpecimens.86

5.7.3MappingandCrystalGrainSizeEvaluation..88

5.8ConcludingRemarks91

References..92

CHAPTER6ImageAnalysis95

KyoichiOshida

6.1Introduction95

6.2ImageAnalysisMethods96

6.2.1ProcessofImageAnalysis.96

6.2.2AnalysisofSpaceFrequency.97

6.2.3Three-DimensionalTransmissionElectron

Microscopy..100

6.2.4SoftwarefortheAnalysis.100

6.3StructureAnalysisThroughTransmissionElectron

Microscopy.101

6.3.1Cup-StackedTypeCarbonNanotubes101

6.3.2CarbonNanotubesLoadedWithMetalParticles.104

6.3.3ThinGraphite..108

6.3.4DisorderedCarbon.108

6.4TextureAnalysisThroughScanningElectron

Micrographs113

6.5TextureAnalysisThroughOpticalMicrographs.116

6.6ConcludingRemarks.120

References121

CHAPTER7RamanSpectroscopy..125

YutakaKaburagi,AkiraYoshida,YoshihiroHishiyama

7.1Introduction.126

7.2Fundamentals.126

7.3KeyIssuesfortheMeasurements..129

7.3.1LaserProbeSamplingDepth129

7.3.2PolarizationofLaserLight..129

7.3.3SamplingArea.131

7.3.4Temperature.132

7.3.5EliminationofBackgroundIntensity.132

7.3.6ExcitationEnergyDependenceofDBand133

7.3.7CalibrationofRamanFrequency.134

7.3.8Equipment136

7.4AsaMeasureforStructureCharacterization..138

7.4.1GBand..138

7.4.2DandD0Bands..141

7.5ConcludingRemarks.149

References150

CHAPTER8X-rayPhotoelectronSpectroscopy153

HidetakaKonno

8.1Introduction.153

8.2PracticalSideofMeasurements.154

8.3StateAnalysis.156

8.3.1DeterminationofBindingEnergy156

8.3.2BackgroundSubtraction158

8.3.3PeakSeparation..159

8.3.4StateAnalysisUsingChemicalShift.164

8.4SemiquantitativeAnalysis166

8.5ConcludingRemarks.168

References169

CHAPTER9Magnetoresistance..173

YoshihiroHishiyama,YutakaKaburagi,MichioInagaki

9.1Introduction.174

9.2GeneralSchemeofDr/r0ChangeWithGraphitization174

9.3MeasurementofMagnetoresistance..178

9.3.1SpecimenShape..178

9.3.2MagneticFieldOrientationSchemes.179

9.3.3Instruments..182

9.4MagnetoresistanceParametersforCoke..185

9.4.1CokeBandGilsoniteCoke..185

9.4.2CokePreparedFromHydrogenatedEthylene

TarPitch186

9.5MagnetoresistanceParametersforCarbonFibers

andExtrudedCoke189

9.5.1Benzene-DerivedVapor-GrownCarbonFiber

andExtrudedCoke.189

9.5.2OtherCarbonFibers..191

9.6MagnetoresistanceParametersforHighlyCrystallized

GraphiteMaterials.192

9.7ConcludingRemarks.194

Supplement:BackgroundoftheCharacterizationofCarbon

MaterialsWithDr/r0195

S-1OriginoftheSignofDr/r0..195

S-2Microtexture197

S-3RelationshipBetweenMicrotextureandMagnetoresistance.199

References203

CHAPTER10ElectrochemicalPerformance..205

SoshiShiraishi

10.1Introduction..205

10.2Fundamentals206

10.2.1Capacitance.206

10.2.2ConstructionofMeasurementCell.208

10.2.3ElectrochemicallyAnalyticalMode..209

10.2.4DifferentialCapacitanceandIntegral

Capacitance.211

10.2.5DefinitionofSpecificCapacitance.212

10.3MeasurementProcedure.214

10.3.1MeasurementCell..214

10.3.2PreparationofCarbonElectrode.216

10.3.3AqueousAcidElectrolyteSystem

(byThree-ElectrodeCell).218

10.3.4OrganicElectrolyteSystem

(byThree-ElectrodeCell).219

10.3.5OrganicElectrolyteSystem

(byTwo-ElectrodeCell)..221

10.4ConcludingRemarks..224

References224

CHAPTER11GasAdsorption/DesorptionIsotherm

forPoreStructureCharacterization227

YokoNishi,MichioInagaki

11.1Introduction..228

11.2Fundamentals229

11.3KeyIssuesfortheMeasurementsandAnalyses..232

11.3.1SampleAmountfortheMeasurement..232

11.3.2PretreatmentofSample.232

11.3.3BrunauereEmmetteTellerMethod233

11.3.4asPlot..234

11.3.5BarretteJoynereHalendaMethod..235

11.3.6DubinineRadushkevichMethod.237

11.3.7DensityFunctionalTheoryMethod238

11.4ApplicationtoCarbonMaterials.239

11.4.1MicroporousCarbons239

11.4.2MesoporousCarbons.241

11.4.3MeasurementsUsingVariousGasesasAdsorbate.243

11.4.4GravimetricMeasurementofAdsorption/

DesorptionofCO2.244

11.5ConcludingRemarks..245

References246

CHAPTER12ThermalAnalysis..249

Ming-mingChen

12.1Introduction..249

12.2FundamentalsinThermalAnalyses250

12.3KeyIssuesfortheMeasurements252

12.4ApplicationsofTGandDTGforCarbonMaterials256

12.4.1Biomasses256

12.4.2Pitches..258

12.4.3OrganicPolymers..258

12.4.4MeasurementsinOxygen.263

12.5ApplicationsofDTAandDSCforCarbonMaterials.265

12.5.1Pitches..265

12.5.2OrganicPolymers..267

12.5.3IntercalationReactions.269

12.6ConcludingRemarks..269

References270

CHAPTER13TitrationMethodfortheIdentification

ofSurfaceFunctionalGroups273

YernSeungKim,ChongRaePark

13.1Introduction..273

13.2BasicConceptofTitrationMethod.276

13.3Instrumentation279

13.4SpecificationfortheMethodology..279

13.4.1ReactionStep..280

13.4.2FiltrationStep.281

13.4.3TitrationStep..281

13.5AnalysisoftheTitrationResults.281

13.6KeyPointsfortheTitrationMeasurements..284

13.6.1PreparationoftheReactionMixturefortheReaction

Step284

13.6.2AgitationMethodandPeriod..284

13.6.3TitrationConditionandEndPointDetermination..285

13.7ConcludingRemarks..285

References285

CHAPTER14TemperatureProgrammedDesorption287

TakafumiIshii,TakashiKyotani

14.1Introduction..287

14.2TPDExperimentalConditionsandApparatus..288

14.3AssignmentofTPDPeakstoSurfaceFunctional

Groups291

14.4SecondaryReactionsDuringaTPDRun..296

14.5EffectofAirExposureonTPDPatterns299

14.6EffectofInorganicMatterinCarbons300

14.7ConcludingRemarks..302

References302

Index307