碳材料科學與工程基礎（第2版 ）

《碳材料科學與工程基礎（第2版 ）》是2014年10月20日清華大學出版社出版的圖書，作者是Michio Inagaki、Feiyu Kang。

基本介紹

• 書名：碳材料科學與工程基礎（第2版 ）
• 作者：Michio Inagaki、Feiyu Kang
• ISBN：9787302382362
• 定價：180元
• 出版社：清華大學出版社
• 出版時間：2014-10-20
• 裝幀：精裝

內容簡介

Preface

One of the authors (M. Inagaki) has been emphasizing the importance of nanotexture, as well as structure, to understand carbon materials. In 1985, he proposed the classifi-cation of nanotexture of carbon materials on the basis of preferred orientation schema of anisotropic layers of carbon hexagons, planar, axial, point and random orientation. Nanotexture is formed during carbonization of organic precursor, as well as structure, and governs the structure development during heat treatment at high temperatures, which has been understood as graphitizing and non-graphitizing. Nanotextures can explain the reason why fibrous carbon materials exist, such as car-bon fibers and tubes, and the spherical carbons, such as carbon blacks and fullerenes, from strongly anisotropic carbon layers consisting mainly of hexagons. In order to convince of the importance of nanotextures in carbon science and engineering, he published a book in Japanese entitled ‘Materials Engineering of Carbons’ in 1985, and another book in Japanese entitled ‘New Carbon Materials -Structure and Functions’ with his friend, Y. Hishiyama in 1994. In 2000, the book in English enti-tled ‘New Carbons -Control of Structure and Functions’ from Elsevier added the concept of carbon families, diamond, graphite, fullerene and carbyne, to follow the rapid progress in science, engineering and applications of carbon materials. However, he strongly felt that, even though many young scientists and engineers are interested in and working on nanocarbons, such as carbon nanotubes and gra-phenes, fundamental knowledge on carbon materials is necessary for them. Most basics of carbon materials were already clarified before 1985. The books, which give such fundamental knowledge on carbon materials, are rather few and also it must be handy and easy to buy. Therefore, he discussed with Prof F. Kang and decided to publish the book from Tsinghua University Press, China, entitled ‘Carbon Materials Science and Engineering -From Fundamentals to Applications’. The book aims to give comprehensive information firstly on funda-mental science on preparation and characterization of various carbon materials, and secondly on engineering and applications of various carbon materials, on the basis of the same basic concept as published before, i.e., classifications based on carbon families and nanotextures.

Since so many copies have been sold mostly in China, the present authors

(M. Inagaki and F. Kang) decided to write advanced science and engineering on carbon materials under the corporation of two more authors (M. Toyoda andH. Konno) by taking in recent developments, and it was published in September, 2013, with the title ‘Advanced Science and Engineering on Carbon’ by two publishers, Tsinghua University Press and Elsevier. At the same time, the publish-ers asked the present authors to revise and up-date the previous book ‘Carbon Materials Science and Engineering -From Fundamentals to Applications’. Here, the revised version is presented.

In this revised version, the content is largely revised and up-dated, for example, a chapter of nanocarbons is newly added, although fundamentals in car-bon science and engineering do not change and the basic concepts, carbon fami-lies and nanotextures, are still valid. The authors hope to provide fundamental science and engineering on carbon materials, associated with some applications, to young graduate students who are working on various carbon materials and also engineers whose works are more or less related to carbon materials. It will be a great pleasure for the authors if they will always bring this book with them to dis-cuss their results and to read the scientific papers published. They may find out how the data they got and/or those published either agree or disagree with the general information explained in this book, and also what is missing from this book.

圖書目錄

Contents

Preface....................................................v

Acknowledgments ...................................................................vii

CHAPTER 1 Introduction.......................................................................1

1.1 Carbon materials............................................................................1

1.2 Short history of carbon materials..................................................4

1.3 Classic carbons, new carbons, and nanocarbons ..........................5

1.3.1 Classic carbons ....................................................................5

1.3.2 New carbons ........................................................................6

1.3.3 Nanocarbons ......................................................................10

1.4 Construction and purposes of the present book..........................13

References ..................................................................14

CHAPTER 2 Fundamental Science of Carbon Materials ................17

2.1 Carbon families............................................................................17

2.1.1 Carbon-carbon bonds.......................................................17

2.1.2 Carbon families..................................................................17

2.1.3 Structural relation to neighboring atoms...........................22

2.2 Structure and texture of carbon materials...................................25

2.2.1 Structure.............................................................................25

2.2.2 Structure development with heat treatment (carbonization and graphitization) ....................................28

2.2.3 Nanotexture........................................................................31

2.2.4 Microtexture (agglomeration) ...........................................35

2.3 Carbonization (nanotexture development)..................................35

2.3.1 Formation processes of carbon materials..........................35

2.3.2 Gas phase carbonization....................................................37

2.3.3 Solid phase carbonization..................................................51

2.3.4 Liquid phase carbonization ...............................................62

2.4 Novel techniques for carbonization ............................................72

2.4.1 Template method...............................................................72

2.4.2 Polymer blend method.......................................................77

2.4.3 Electrospinning..................................................................79

2.4.4 Pressure carbonization.......................................................82

2.4.5 High-yield carbonization...................................................86

2.4.6 Low-temperature carbonization.........................................90

2.5 Graphitization (structure development).......................................92

2.5.1 Structure parameters..........................................................92

2.5.2 Graphitization behavior...................................................100

2.5.3 Relations among structure parameters............................121

2.5.4 Graphitization process.....................................................126

2.5.5 Graphitizing and non-graphitizing carbons.....................131

2.5.6 Heterogeneous graphitization (multiphase graphitization)..............................................133

2.6 Acceleration of graphitization...................................................136

2.6.1 Catalytic graphitization ...................................................136

2.6.2 Stress graphitization ........................................................140

2.6.3 Graphitization of exfoliated carbon fibers......................146

2.7 Pore development in carbon materials......................................148

2.7.1 Pores in carbon materials ................................................148

2.7.2 Identification of pores .....................................................151

2.7.3 Pore development in carbon materials............................163

2.8 Introduction of foreign species..................................................175

2.8.1 Possibility to introduce foreign species into carbon materials...............................................................175

2.8.2 Intercalation.....................................................................176

2.8.3 Substitution......................................................................191

2.8.4 Doping..............................................................................197

2.8.5 Dispersion of fine metal particles...................................201

References .....................................................................205

CHAPTER 3 Engineering and Applications of Carbon Materials.......................................................................219

3.1 Polycrystalline graphite blocks .................................................219

3.1.1 Production........................................................................219

3.1.2 Applications.....................................................................225

3.1.3 Filler cokes and binder pitches .......................................234

3.1.4 Properties .........................................................................242

3.2 Highly oriented graphite............................................................252

3.2.1 Highly oriented graphite..................................................252

3.2.2 Natural graphite...............................................................252

3.2.3 Kish graphite....................................................................258

3.2.4 Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) ...................263

3.2.5 Graphite films derived from polyimide films.................266

3.2.6 Flexible graphite sheets...................................................278

3.3 Non-graphitizing and glass-like carbons...................................286

3.3.1 Structural characteristics .................................................286

3.3.2 Properties .........................................................................291

3.3.3 Glass-like carbons............................................................295

3.4 Carbon fibers .............................................................................298

3.4.1 Classification of fibrous carbons.....................................298

3.4.2 Characteristics of carbon fibers.......................................300

3.4.3 PAN-based carbon fibers.................................................306

3.4.4 Pitch-based carbon fibers ................................................311

3.4.5 Vapor-grown carbon fibers..............................................317

3.4.6 Glass-like carbon fibers...................................................327

3.4.7 Carbon microcoils............................................................329

3.5 Nanocarbons ..............................................................................330

3.5.1 Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers...................................330

3.5.2 Fullerenes.........................................................................342

3.5.3 Graphene and its derivatives...........................................348

3.5.4 Graphyne and graphdiyne ...............................................357

3.5.5 Single-wall carbon nanohorns.........................................360

3.5.6 Helical carbon films ........................................................362

3.6 Porous carbons...........................................................................364

3.6.1 Activated carbons............................................................364

3.6.2 Novel techniques to control pore structure.....................370

3.6.3 Carbon foams (macroporous carbons) ............................385

3.7 Carbon-based composites..........................................................389

3.7.1 Carbon-based composites................................................389

3.7.2 Carbon/carbon composites ..............................................390

3.7.3 Carbon/plastics composites .............................................400

3.7.4 Carbon/ceramics composites...........................................404

3.7.5 Carbon/metal composites ................................................415

3.8 Intercalation compounds............................................................416

3.8.1 Possible applications........................................................416

3.8.2 High conductivity function..............................................418

3.8.3 Electrochemical functions...............................................422

3.8.4 Catalytic functions...........................................................428

3.8.5 Gas adsorption and storage .............................................431

3.8.6 Other functions ................................................................435

3.9 Carbon materials for energy storage.........................................438

3.9.1 Rechargeable batteries.....................................................438

3.9.2 Electrochemical capacitors..............................................446

3.9.3 Storage of hydrogen gas..................................................462

3.9.4 Storage of methane gas ...................................................468

3.10 Carbon materials for environment remediation......................472

3.10.1 Carbon/anatase composites..........................................472

3.10.2 Carbon materials for sorption of viscous fluids..........483

3.10.3 Carbon fibers for environment remediation................500

References .....................................................................505

Index........................................................................527