準噶爾盆地溫帶荒漠區

位於阿爾泰山與天山之間，略呈三角形，東北及西北以中蘇、中蒙國界為限，北接阿爾泰山山地草原針葉林區，東南與阿拉善高原溫帶荒漠區為鄰.具溫帶荒漠區特色，盆地西部有兩個較低的山口（額爾齊斯河谷及阿拉山口）為半封閉大型山間盆地.由於北冰洋氣團及西風急流可從山口直接吹入，故降水量稍豐，約10—300毫米.冬季降雪較多可形成穩定雪蓋.四周山高，盆地內海拔低，冬季寒冷，夏氣溫較高（瑪納斯河一帶可種棉）。地質上準噶爾盆地是褶皺系.盆地中的古生代地層為巨厚的中、新生代沉積物所覆蓋.中生代地層是砂岩為主的陸相沉積，向南逐漸增厚，北部厚約700米，南部增至三四千米，最厚達1萬米.新生代地層也向南增厚，北部不到450米，南部拗陷中心厚達500米.新構造運動明顯，南部下降，但因天山強烈上升，山前產生強烈褶皺，形成年輕的構造隆起；北部上升，額爾齊斯河谷是斷陷谷地，布倫托海是斷陷湖盆.地勢較低，內部高差較大.地勢由東北向西南傾斜，額爾齊斯河和烏倫古河中游海拔70—100米，布倫托海（福海）湖面海拔468米，中部偏西的瑪納斯湖257米，西南部的艾比湖189米，是本區的最低點.以北塔山為界，溫帶荒漠可分為準噶爾盆地和諾明戈壁兩個亞區，此外，準噶爾區西部山地西北的額敏谷地，水分條件較好，氣候—生物條件屬於溫帶荒漠草原地帶亦作為本區的一個亞區.Located between the Altai and Tianshan Mountains, slightly triangular, northeast and northwest to the SovietUnion, Sino-Mongolian borders are limited to the north Altai mountain grassland coniferous forest, southeast and Alxa Plateau temperate desert areaneighborhood. A temperate desert Area characteristics, west of the basin there are two low-pass (Irtysh River Valley and Alashankou) for semi-enclosed basin, a large mountain. As the Arctic air mass and the westerly jet blowing directly from the pass, so a little rainfall abundance, approximately 10-300 mm. more snow in winter canform astable snow cover. surrounded by high mountains, the basin at low latitudes, the winter cold, summer high temperatures (Manas River can be cotton). Junggar Basin is a geological fold system. Basins in the Paleozoic strata ofthickMesozoic and Cenozoic sediments covered. Mesozoic strata are mainly of continental sedimentary sandstone, south gradually thickened, 700 meters thick in northern, southern toSanSiqian m, the most thick 10,000 meters. Cenozoic stratigraphy south is also thickening of less than 450 meters north of the southern depression center 500 meters thick. neotectonism apparent decline in the south, but the strong Tianshan rise, Piedmont produced a strong folding, the formation of the young tectonic uplift; north up the Irtysh Valley is the fault valley is a rift lake Buluntuohai. lying low, theinternalheight difference larger. topography from the north-east southwest tilt, Irtysh, and the middle ulungur 70-100 m above sea level, Buluntuohai (Fuhai) lake elevation of 468 meters, central west of the Manas lake 257 meters, 189 meters southwest of the Ebinur It is the lowest point in this area. Tashan is bounded by the north, temperate desert Junggar Basin and sulfamethoxazole can be divided into two sub-region Gobi, in addition, the western mountainous area of northwest Junggar emin valley, moisture conditions were better, climate - of biological conditions are temperate desert steppe zone also acts as a sub-zone in this area.