林蛙屬(學名:Rana):鼻骨小,內緣短,左右平行,間距寬,鼻骨與蝶篩骨和額頂骨分開;蝶篩骨前部顯露;額頂骨一般前窄後寬;鱗骨顴枝桿狀;前耳骨大;雄性第一掌骨增大,具瘤狀物。肩胸骨基部不分叉;上胸軟骨很小,約為劍胸軟骨的1/5。中胸骨細長,桿狀;劍胸軟骨呈傘狀或半月狀,後端無缺刻。舌角前突細小。指(趾)骨末端略膨大。指、趾末端鈍;背側褶細;鼓膜顯著。體多為淺褐色或綠黃色,鼓膜部位有深色三角斑。雄性第一指背面具婚墊,婚墊分為3-4團。蝌蚪下唇乳突1排完整,上唇齒2排以上;出水孔左側,無游離管;肛孔位尾基右側,無游離管。卵粒有色素,卵徑1.5-2.0毫米,個別種達3毫米。
成體以陸棲為主,生活於森林、灌叢或草地,繁殖期進入靜水域或流溪緩流處產卵。蝌蚪多在靜水中生活。該屬種類眾多,廣泛分布於歐洲、亞洲及北美洲北部,以歐亞大陸古北界種類最多。中國已知10餘種,分布於南嶺山脈以北地區。
基本介紹
形態特徵
棲息環境
生活習性
分布範圍
繁殖方式
該屬種類
中文名稱 | 學 名 | 英文名稱 | |
1. | Rana altaica | Altai Brown Frog | |
2. | Rana amurensis | Heilongjiang Brown Frog | |
3. | 螯蝦林蛙 | Rana areolata | Texas frog |
4. | Rana arvalis | Moor frog | |
5. | Rana asiatica | Central Asiatic frog | |
6. | 紅腿林蛙 | Rana aurora | Red-legged frog |
7. | 萊氏林蛙 | Rana berlandieri | Rio Grande leopard frog |
8. | 平原林蛙 | Rana blairi | Plains leopard frog |
9. | 黃腿林蛙 | Rana boylii | Foothill yellow |
10. | 里奧林蛙 | Rana bwana | Rio Chipillico frog |
11. | 長腿林蛙 | Rana camerani | Long frog |
12. | 地鼠林蛙 | Rana capito | Gopher frog |
13. | 瀑布林蛙 | Rana cascadae | Cascades frog |
14. | Rana catesbeiana | American bullfrog | |
15. | Rana chaochiaoensis | Chaochiao frog | |
16. | Rana chensinensis | Chinese brown frog | |
17. | 峰斑林蛙 | Rana chevronta | Chevron |
18. | 拉斯米納斯林蛙 | Rana chichicuahutla | Lago de las Minas frog |
19. | 豹紋林蛙 | Rana chiricahuensis | Chiricahua leopard frog |
20. | 綠林蛙 | Rana clamitans | Green frog |
21. | 朝鮮林蛙 | Rana coreana | Korean brown frog |
22. | 敏林蛙 | Rana dalmatina | Agile frog |
23. | 加州紅腿林蛙 | Rana draytonii | California red |
24. | 帕氏林蛙 | Rana dunni | Patzcuaro frog |
25. | Rana dybowskii | Dybowski's frog | |
26. | 拉斯維加斯林蛙 | Rana fisheri | Vegas Valley leopard frog |
27. | 弗氏林蛙 | Rana forreri | Forrer's grass frog |
28. | 希臘林蛙 | Rana graeca | Greek stream frog, Greek frog |
29. | 豬蛙(美國青蛙) | Rana grylio | Pig frog |
30. | Rana hanluica | Dew frog | |
31. | 河蛙 | Rana heckscheri | River frog |
32. | 霍爾特林蛙 | Rana holtzi | Holt frog |
33. | 桓仁林蛙 | Rana huanrenensis | Huanren frog |
34. | 伊比利亞林蛙 | Rana iberica | Iberian frog |
35. | 義大利林蛙 | Rana italica | Italian stream frog |
36. | Rana japonica | Japanese brown frog | |
37. | Rana jiemuxiensis | Jiemuxie frog | |
38. | 摩爾林蛙 | Rana johni | Moore's frog |
39. | Rana johnsi | Johns' groove | |
40. | 瑪雅林蛙 | Rana juliani | Maya Mountains frog |
41. | Rana kukunoris | plateau brown frog | |
42. | Rana kunyuensis | Kunyuensis frog | |
43. | 義大利林蛙 | Rana latastei | Italian agile frog |
44. | 萊氏林蛙 | Rana lemosespinali | Lemos frog |
45. | 長肢林蛙 | Rana longicrus | Taipa frog |
46. | 哥倫比亞斑林蛙 | Rana luteiventris | Columbia spotted frog |
47. | 高加索林蛙 | Rana macrocnemis | Caucasian frog |
48. | Rana macroglossa | Guatemala plateau frog | |
49. | 高地林蛙 | Rana maculata | Highland frog |
50. | 墨西哥西北林蛙 | Rana magnaocularis | Northwest Mexico leopard frog |
51. | 大足林蛙 | Rana megapoda | Big Otake frog |
52. | 島林蛙 | Rana miadis | Island leopard frog |
53. | 蒙特林蛙 | Rana montezumae | Montezuma leopard frog |
54. | 莫頓林蛙 | Rana mortenseni | Morton frog |
55. | 多齒林蛙 | Rana multidenticulata | Polydentate frog |
56. | 南黃腿林蛙 | Rana muscosa | Southern mountain yellow |
57. | 帕里庫廷火山林蛙 | Rana neovolcanica | Transverse volcanic leopard frog |
58. | 佛羅里達沼澤蛙 | Rana okaloosae | Florida bog frog |
59. | 沖繩林蛙 | Rana okinawa | Okinawa frog |
60. | Rana omeimontis | Omei wood frog | |
61. | 古氏林蛙 | Rana omiltemana | Guerreran leopard frog |
62. | 遺林蛙 | Rana onca | Relict leopard frog |
63. | 山棕蛙 | Rana ornativentris | montane brown frog |
64. | 亞馬遜林蛙 | Rana palmipes | Amazon River frog |
65. | 梭魚林蛙 | Rana palustris | pickerel frog |
66. | 北部林蛙 | Rana pipiens | Northern leopard frog |
67. | 北海道林蛙 | Rana pirica | Hokkaidō frog |
68. | 俄勒岡林蛙 | Rana pretiosa | Oregon spotted frog |
69. | 伊朗林蛙 | Rana pseudodalmatina | Iran frog |
70. | 滑背林蛙 | Rana psilonota | Smooth frog |
71. | 普埃布拉林蛙 | Rana pueblae | Puebla frog |
72. | 瀑林蛙 | Rana pustulosa | Cascade frog |
73. | 庇里牛斯林蛙 | Rana pyrenaica | Pyrenean frog, Pyrenees frog |
74. | 河林蛙 | Rana sakuraii | Napparagawa frog |
75. | 索氏林蛙 | Rana sauteri | Sauter's brown frog |
76. | 貂林蛙 | Rana septentrionalis | Mink frog |
77. | 密西西比林蛙 | Rana sevosa | Mississippi gopher frog |
78. | 四川林蛙 | Rana shuchinae | Sichuan frog |
79. | 內華達黃腿林蛙 | Rana sierrae | Sierra Nevada yellow legged frog |
80. | 馬山林蛙 | Rana sierramadrensis | Sierra Madre Occidental frog |
81. | 華麗林蛙 | Rana spectabilis | Showy leopard frog |
82. | 南部林蛙 | Rana sphenocephala | Southern leopard frog |
83. | 木林蛙 | Rana sylvatica | Wood frog |
84. | 塔氏林蛙 | Rana tagoi | Tago's brown frog |
85. | 塔拉烏馬拉林蛙 | Rana tarahumarae | Tarahumara frog |
86. | 波羅塔林蛙 | Rana taylori | Peralta frog |
87. | 歐洲林蛙 | Rana temporaria | European common brown frog |
88. | 特氏林蛙 | Rana tlaloci | Tlaloc's leopard frog |
89. | 對馬林蛙 | Rana tsushimensis | Tsushima leopard frog |
90. | 威氏林蛙 | Rana vaillanti | Vaillant's frog |
91. | 綠眼林蛙 | Rana vibicaria | Green eyes frog |
92. | 沃氏林蛙 | Rana warszewitschii | Warszewitsch's frog |
93. | 威寧林蛙 | Rana weiningensis | Weining frog |
94. | 低地林蛙 | Rana yavapaiensis | lowland leopard frog |
95. | 明全林蛙 | Rana zhengi | Ming-quan frog |
96. | Rana zhenhaiensis | Zhenhai brown frog | |
97. | 澤氏林蛙 | Rana zweifeli | Zweifel's frog |