伊利諾州

伊利諾州（Illinois）位於美國中西部，北接威斯康星州，東北瀕密西根湖，東界印第安納州，東南鄰肯塔基州，西隔密西西比河與密蘇里州和愛荷華州相望。面積14.6萬平方公里，首府斯普林菲爾德（Springfield）。

該州別名“內陸帝國” (The Inland Empire)或“草原之州” (The Prairie State)。州花是紫羅蘭(Native Violet)。州鳥是北美紅雀(Cardinal)。州樹是白橡(White Oak)。

基本介紹

• 中文名稱：伊利諾州
• 外文名稱：Illinois
• 別名：“林肯之地”、草原之州
• 行政區類別：聯邦州
• 所屬地區：美國
• 政府駐地：斯普林菲爾德
• 地理位置：36°58'N  42°30'N 87°30'W
• 面積：149,998
• 人口：1242萬人(2000年)
• 機場：芝加哥奧黑爾國際機場
• 建立時間：1809年2月3日
• 郵編區碼：IL
• 特產：玉米，大豆，生豬，牛，奶，小麥
• 知名產業：煤、石油、鉛、鋅、石灰石玻璃砂
• 州長：派屈克·奎因

歷史沿革

以印第安人伊利諾伊部落之名命名。1673年，法國探險家路易·若利埃和雅克·馬凱特首先探測了密西西比河和伊利諾伊河。1763年，英國取得密西西比河以東地區的統治權。1784年劃歸美國。1809年2月3日，伊利諾伊領地成立。1818年，伊利諾成為美國第21州。因1834年林肯當選為州議員開始其政治生涯，該州也被稱為“林肯之地”。

伊利諾州

行政區劃

首府是位於伊州中部的春田市，是伊州的政治中心。芝加哥是伊州最大城市，為僅次於紐約和洛杉磯的美國第三大城市。芝加哥及周圍6縣構成大芝加哥地區。

州徽

重要城市：芝加哥、埃文斯頓、埃爾金、奧克朗、喬利矣特、奧羅拉、沃其根、羅克福德、迪卡爾布、羅克艾蘭、蓋爾斯堡、皮奧里亞、諾黙爾、厄巴納-香檳、丹維尓、特雷霍持，印第安納州、斯普林菲爾德州府、布盧明頓、迪凱持、奧爾頓、東聖路易斯、森特勒利亞、卡本代爾、帕度卡，肯塔基州。

County	FIPS code	County seat	Established	Origin	Etymology	Population	Area	Map
Adams County	001	Quincy	1825	Pike County	John Quincy Adams(1767–1848), sixthPresident of the United States	67,103	857sqmi; (2,220km)
Alexander County	003	Cairo	1819	Union County	William M. Alexander, a settler and state representative in theIllinois General Assembly	8,238	236sqmi; (611km)
Bond County	005	Greenville	1817	Crawford County, Edwards County, and Madison County	Shadrach Bond(1773–1832), FirstGovernor of Illinois	17,768	380sqmi; (984km)
Boone County	007	Belvidere	1837	Winnebago County	Daniel Boone(1734-1820), trailblazer of theWilderness Roadin Kentucky	54,165	281sqmi; (728km)
Brown County	009	Mount Sterling	1839	Schuyler County	Jacob Brown(1775–1828), a successfulAmerican Revolutionarmy officer responsible for Great Lakes defenses	6,937	306sqmi; (793km)
Bureau County	011	Princeton	1837	Putnam County	Pierre de Bureo, Frenchman,North American fur trader	34,978	869sqmi; (2,251km)
Calhoun County	013	Hardin	1825	Pike County	John C. Calhoun(1782–1850),South Carolinasenator and seventhVice President of the United States	5,089	254sqmi; (658km)
Carroll County	015	Mount Carroll	1839	Jo Daviess	Charles Carroll of Carrollton(1737–1832), signed theDeclaration of Independenceon behalf ofMaryland	15,387	444sqmi; (1,150km)
Cass County	017	Virginia	1837	Morgan County	Lewis Cass(1782–1866), second governor ofMichigan Territory, fourteenthUnited States Secretary of War	13,642	376sqmi; (974km)
Champaign County	019	Urbana	1833	Vermilion County	Champaign County, Ohio, which took its name from theFrenchfor "open level country"	201,081	997sqmi; (2,582km)
Christian County	021	Taylorville	1839	Sangamon County	Christian County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterColonel William Christian	34,800	709sqmi; (1,836km)
Clark County	023	Marshall	1819	Crawford County	George Rogers Clark(1752–1818), highest-ranking officer in theNorthwest Territoryduring theAmerican Revolution	16,335	502sqmi; (1,300km)
Clay County	025	Louisville	1824	Wayne, Lawrence, Fayette, and Crawford County	Henry Clay(1777–1852), Kentucky legislator who negotiated theMissouri Compromise	13,815	469sqmi; (1,215km)
Clinton County	027	Carlyle	1824	Washington, Bond, and Fayette County	DeWitt Clinton(1769–1828),Governor of New York, responsible for the construction of theErie Canal	37,762	474sqmi; (1,228km)
Coles County	029	Charleston	1830	Clark and Edgar County	Edward Coles(1786–1868), secondGovernor of Illinois, responsible for the abolition of slavery in Illinois	53,873	508sqmi; (1,316km)
Cook County	031	Chicago	1831	Putnam County	Daniel Pope Cook(1794–1827), politician and firstAttorney General of Illinois	5,194,675	946sqmi; (2,450km)
Crawford County	033	Robinson	1816	Edwards County	William H. Crawford(1772–1834), ninthUnited States Secretary of War, seventhSecretary of the Treasury	19,817	444sqmi; (1,150km)
Cumberland County	035	Toledo	1843	Coles County	Disputed:Cumberland Road, which entered the county;Cumberland, Maryland; orCumberland Riverin Kentucky	11,048	346sqmi; (896km)
DeKalb County	037	Sycamore	1837	Kane County	Johann de Kalb(1721–80), German soldier in theContinental Armywho fought alongsideGilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette	105,160	634sqmi; (1,642km)
DeWitt County	039	Clinton	1839	Macon and McLean County	DeWitt Clinton(1769–1828),Governor of New York, responsible for the construction of theErie Canal	16,561	398sqmi; (1,031km)
Douglas County	041	Tuscola	1859	Coles County	Stephen A. Douglas(1813–61), prominent Illinois Democrat whoengaged in debateswithAbraham Lincoln	19,980	417sqmi; (1,080km)
DuPage County	043	Wheaton	1839	Cook County	DuPage River	916,924	334sqmi; (865km)
Edgar County	045	Paris	1823	Clark County	John Edgar(c. 1750–1832), Illinois delegate to theNorthwest Territorylegislature; at time, wealthiest man in Illinois	18,576	624sqmi; (1,616km)
Edwards County	047	Albion	1814	Gallatin County and Madison County	Ninian Edwards(1775–1833), thirdGovernor of the State of Illinoisand only governor of theIllinois Territory	6,721	222sqmi; (575km)
Effingham County	049	Effingham	1831	Fayette and Crawford County	Lord Thomas Effingham, military officer who resigned from theBritish Armyto avoid fighting the American colonies	34,242	479sqmi; (1,241km)
Fayette County	051	Vandalia	1821	Bond, Wayne, Clark, Jefferson, and Crawford County	Marquis de la Fayette(1757–1834), French military officer who was a key factor in theAmericanandFrench Revolutions.	22,140	716sqmi; (1,854km)
Ford County	053	Paxton	1859	Vermilion County	Thomas Ford(1800–50), eighthGovernor of Illinois; served during theIllinois Mormon War	14,081	486sqmi; (1,259km)
Franklin County	055	Benton	1818	White County and Gallatin County	Benjamin Franklin(1706–90), prolific writer, inventor, and politician; key factor in theAmerican Revolution	39,561	412sqmi; (1,067km)
Fulton County	057	Lewistown	1823	Pike County	Robert Fulton(1765–1815), inventor of thesteamboat	37,069	866sqmi; (2,243km)
Gallatin County	059	Shawneetown	1812	Randolph County	Albert Gallatin(1761–1849), fourth and longest-servingUnited States Secretary of the Treasury	5,589	324sqmi; (839km)
Greene County	061	Carrollton	1821	Madison County	Nathanael Greene(1742–86), major general in theContinental Army	13,886	543sqmi; (1,406km)
Grundy County	063	Morris	1841	LaSalle County	Felix Grundy(1777–1840),Tennesseansenator that served as the thirteenthUnited States Attorney General	50,063	420sqmi; (1,088km)
Hamilton County	065	McLeansboro	1821	White County	Alexander Hamilton(1755–1804), firstUnited States Secretary of the Treasury	8,457	435sqmi; (1,127km)
Hancock County	067	Carthage	1825	Adams County	John Hancock(1737–93), first governor of theMassachusetts colonyand president of theSecond Continental Congress	19,104	795sqmi; (2,059km)
Hardin County	069	Elizabethtown	1839	Pope County	Hardin County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterJohn Hardin	4,320	178sqmi; (461km)
Henderson County	071	Oquawka	1841	Warren County	Henderson County, Kentucky, which was itself named afterRichard Henderson	7,331	379sqmi; (982km)
Henry County	073	Cambridge	1825	Fulton County	Patrick Henry(1736-99),American Revolutionary Warfigure and first and sixthGovernor of Virginia	50,486	823sqmi; (2,132km)
Iroquois County	075	Watseka	1833	Vermilion County	IroquoisNative Americans	29,718	1,116sqmi; (2,890km)
Jackson County	077	Murphysboro	1816	Randolph County and Johnson County	Andrew Jackson(1767-1845), seventhPresident of the United States, United States Senator fromTennessee, and general in theWar of 1812	60,218	588sqmi; (1,523km)
Jasper County	079	Newton	1831	Clay and Crawford County	Sgt.William Jasper(c. 1750-79),American Revolutionary Warsoldier popularized byParson Weems	9,698	494sqmi; (1,279km)
Jefferson County	081	Mount Vernon	1819	Edwards and White County	Thomas Jefferson(1743-1826), thirdPresident of the United States, secondVice President of the United States,Governor of Virginia, and one of the foremostFounding Fathers of the United States	38,827	571sqmi; (1,479km)
Jersey County	083	Jerseyville	1839	Greene County	State ofNew Jersey, from which many early settlers hailed	22,985	369sqmi; (956km)
Jo Daviess County	085	Galena	1827	Henry, Mercer, and Putnam County	Joseph Hamilton Daveiss(1774-1811), commander of the Indiana Dragoons at theBattle of Tippecanoe	22,678	601sqmi; (1,557km)
Johnson County	087	Vienna	1812	Randolph County	Richard Mentor Johnson(abt. 1780-1850), ninthVice President of the United Statesand United States Senator formKentucky	12,582	346sqmi; (896km)
Kane County	089	Geneva	1836	LaSalle County	Elias Kane(1794-1835), United States Senator fromIllinois	515,269	521sqmi; (1,349km)
Kankakee County	091	Kankakee	1853	Iroquois and Will County	Kankakee River	113,449	678sqmi; (1,756km)
Kendall County	093	Yorkville	1841	LaSalle and Kane County	Amos Kendall(1789-1869),United States Postmaster Generalunder PresidentsAndrew JacksonandMartin Van Buren	114,736	321sqmi; (831km)
Knox County	095	Galesburg	1825	Fulton County	Gen.Henry Knox(1750-1806),American Revolutionary Wargeneral and firstUnited States Secretary of War	52,919	716sqmi; (1,854km)
Lake County	097	Waukegan	1839	McHenry County	Lake Michigan	703,462	448sqmi; (1,160km)
LaSalle County	099	Ottawa	1831	Putnam and Tazewell County	Sieur de la Salle(1643-87), French explorer of theGreat Lakes.	113,924	1,135sqmi; (2,940km)
Lawrence County	101	Lawrenceville	1821	Crawford and Edwards County	Capt.James Lawrence(1781-1813), commander of theUSSChesapeakein theWar of 1812. Famous for his command "Don't give up the ship!"	16,833	372sqmi; (963km)
Lee County	103	Dixon	1839	Ogle County	"Light Horse"Henry Lee III(1756-1818),American Revolutionary Warofficer and ninthGovernor of Virginia	36,031	725sqmi; (1,878km)
Livingston County	105	Pontiac	1837	LaSalle and McLean County	Edward Livingston(1764-1836), prominent jurist, Congressman fromNew YorkandLouisiana, andU.S. Secretary of Statefrom 1831-33.	38,950	1,044sqmi; (2,704km)
Logan County	107	Lincoln	1839	Sangamon County	John Logan, a country doctor and early settler, and the father ofJohn A. Logan.	30,305	618sqmi; (1,601km)
Macon County	115	Decatur	1829	Shelby County	Nathaniel Macon(1758-1837), sixthSpeaker of the United States House of RepresentativesandUnited States SenatorfromNorth Carolina.	110,768	581sqmi; (1,505km)
Macoupin County	117	Carlinville	1829	Greene County	Native American wordMacoupin, meaningAmerican lotus	47,765	864sqmi; (2,238km)
Madison County	119	Edwardsville	1812	St. Clair County and Randolph County	James Madison(1751-1836), fourthPresident of the United Statesand principal author of theConstitution of the United States.	269,282	725sqmi; (1,878km)
Marion County	121	Salem	1823	Fayette and Jefferson County	Francis Marion(c. 1732-95), general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warknown as "The Swamp Fox"	39,437	572sqmi; (1,481km)
Marshall County	123	Lacon	1839	Putnam County	John Marshall (1755-1835), fourth and longest-servingChief Justice of the United States, wrote opinion inMarbury v. Madisonestablishing the principle ofjudicial review	12,640	386sqmi; (1,000km)
Mason County	125	Havana	1841	Tazewell and Menard County	Named afterMason County, Kentucky, itself named afterGeorge Mason	14,666	539sqmi; (1,396km)
Massac County	127	Metropolis	1843	Pope and Johnson County	Fort Massac, a colonial-era fort on theOhio River	15,429	239sqmi; (619km)
McDonough County	109	Macomb	1826	Schuyler County	CommodoreThomas Macdonough(1783-1825), commander of American naval forces at theBattle of Plattsburgh	32,612	589sqmi; (1,526km)
McHenry County	111	Woodstock	1836	Cook and LaSalle County	MajorWilliam McHenry(c. 1771-1835), officer in during several campaigns againstNative Americansand member of the Illinois legislature	308,760	604sqmi; (1,564km)
McLean County	113	Bloomington	1830	Tazewell County	John McLean(1791-1830),United States RepresentativeandUnited States Senatorfrom Illinois (the latter from 1824-25 and 1829-30)	169,572	1,184sqmi; (3,067km)
Menard County	129	Petersburg	1839	Sangamon County	Pierre Menard(1766-1844), prominent early settler and firstLieutenant Governor of Illinois	12,705	314sqmi; (813km)
Mercer County	131	Aledo	1825	Schuyler County	Hugh Mercer(1726-77), British officer in theSeven Years' Warand general in theContinental Armyduring theAmerican Revolutionary War	16,434	561sqmi; (1,453km)
Monroe County	133	Waterloo	1816	Randolph County and St. Clair County	James Monroe(1758-1831), seventhUnited States Secretary of State, eighthUnited States Secretary of War,Governor of Virginia, and fifthPresident of the United States	32,957	388sqmi; (1,005km)
Montgomery County	135	Hillsboro	1821	Bond and Madison County	Gen.Richard Montgomery(1738-75), brigadier-general in theContinental Armywho led the unsuccessfulinvasion of Canada	30,104	704sqmi; (1,823km)
Morgan County	137	Jacksonville	1823	Sangamon County	Gen.Daniel Morgan(1736-1802), successful tactician in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand laterUnited States RepresentativefromVirginia	35,547	569sqmi; (1,474km)
Moultrie County	139	Sullivan	1843	Shelby and Macon County	Gen.William Moultrie(1730-1805),American Revolutionary Wargeneral andGovernor of South Carolina	14,846	336sqmi; (870km)
Ogle County	141	Oregon	1836	Jo Daviess	Joseph Ogle(1737-1821), early settler in southwest Illinois, who helped found the firstMethodistchurch in Illinois	53,497	759sqmi; (1,966km)
Peoria County	143	Peoria	1825	Fulton County	ThePeoriaNative American tribe	186,494	620sqmi; (1,606km)
Perry County	145	Pinckneyville	1827	Randolph and Jackson County	CommodoreOliver Hazard Perry(1785-1819), American naval officer who led the victorious American forces at theBattle of Lake Erie	22,350	441sqmi; (1,142km)
Piatt County	147	Monticello	1841	DeWitt and Macon County	John Piatt, the patriarch of a prominent settler family in the early history of the county	16,729	440sqmi; (1,140km)
Pike County	149	Pittsfield	1821	Madison, Bond, and Clark County	Zebulon Pike(1779-1813), early explorer of theAmerican Southwest, namesake ofPikes Peak	16,430	830sqmi; (2,150km)
Pope County	151	Golconda	1816	Gallatin and Johnson County	Nathaniel Pope(1784-1850), early Delegate fromIllinois Territoryto Congress and judge on theUnited States District Court for the District of Illinois	4,470	371sqmi; (961km)
Pulaski County	153	Mound City	1843	Alexander and Johnson County	Gen.Casimir Pulaski(1745-79),Polish Americangeneral of cavalry in theAmerican Revolutionary War	6,161	201sqmi; (521km)
Putnam County	155	Hennepin	1825	Fulton County	Gen.Israel Putnam(1718-90), commander of American forces at theBattle of Bunker Hill	6,006	160sqmi; (414km)
Randolph County	157	Chester	1795	St. Clair County	Edmund Randolph(1753-1813), firstAttorney General of the United States, and brieflyUnited States Secretary of State	33,476	578sqmi; (1,497km)
Richland County	159	Olney	1841	Clay and Lawrence County	Richland County, Ohio, itself named for its richsoil	16,233	360sqmi; (932km)
Rock Island County	161	Rock Island	1831	Jo Daviess County	Rock Island	147,546	427sqmi; (1,106km)
Saline County	165	Harrisburg	1847	Gallatin County	Salt springs within the county	24,913	383sqmi; (992km)
Sangamon County	167	Springfield	1821	Madison and Bond County	Sangamon River	197,465	868sqmi; (2,248km)
Schuyler County	169	Rushville	1825	Pike and Fulton County	Gen.Philip Schuyler(1733-1804),American Revolutionary Wargeneral andUnited States SenatorfromNew York	7,544	437sqmi; (1,132km)
Scott County	171	Winchester	1839	Morgan County	Scott County, Kentucky, itself named afterCharles Scott	5,355	251sqmi; (650km)
Shelby County	173	Shelbyville	1827	Fayette County	Isaac Shelby(1750-1826), soldier in theAmerican Revolutionary WarandWar of 1812, and first and fifthGovernor of Kentucky	22,363	759sqmi; (1,966km)
St. Clair County	163	Belleville	1790	original two counties	Arthur St. Clair(1737-1818), major general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand first Governor of theNorthwest Territory	270,056	664sqmi; (1,720km)
Stark County	175	Toulon	1839	Knox and Putnam County	Gen.John Stark(1728-1822), general in theAmerican Revolutionary War, called the "Hero ofBennington"	5,994	288sqmi; (746km)
Stephenson County	177	Freeport	1837	Jo Daviess and Winnebago County	Benjamin Stephenson(1769-1822), representative ofIllinois Territoryin theUnited States Congressfrom 1814 to 1816	47,711	564sqmi; (1,461km)
Tazewell County	179	Pekin	1827	Sangamon County	Littleton Waller Tazewell(1774-1860), United States Senator from (and later governor of)Virginia	135,394	649sqmi; (1,681km)
Union County	181	Jonesboro	1818	Johnson County	The federal union of the states	17,808	416sqmi; (1,077km)
Vermilion County	183	Danville	1826	Edgar County	TheVermilion River	81,625	899sqmi; (2,328km)
Wabash County	185	Mount Carmel	1824	Edwards County	TheWabash River	11,947	224sqmi; (580km)
Warren County	187	Monmouth	1825	Schuyler County	Joseph Warren(1741-75), played a role inAmerican Patriotmovements, a prominent early fatality in theAmerican Revolutionary War	17,707	543sqmi; (1,406km)
Washington County	189	Nashville	1818	St. Clair County	George Washington(1732-99), commander-in-chief of American forces in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand firstPresident of the United States	14,716	563sqmi; (1,458km)
Wayne County	191	Fairfield	1819	Edwards County	Gen. "Mad"Anthony Wayne(1745-96),major generalin the United States Army in theAmerican Revolutionary Warand theNorthwest Indian War	16,760	714sqmi; (1,849km)
White County	193	Carmi	1815	Gallatin County	Isaac White(1776-1811), resident of Illinois who enlisted in the Indiana militia and was killed at theBattle of Tippecanoe	14,665	495sqmi; (1,282km)
Whiteside County	195	Morrison	1836	Jo Daviess and Henry County	Samuel Whiteside(1783-1868), state legislator and militia leader	58,498	685sqmi; (1,774km)
Will County	197	Joliet	1836	Cook and Iroquois County	Conrad Will(1779-1835),physician, local businessman and longtime member of the state legislature	677,560	837sqmi; (2,168km)
Williamson County	199	Marion	1839	Franklin County	Hugh Williamson(1735-1819), delegate fromNorth Carolinato thePhiladelphia Convention	66,357	424sqmi; (1,098km)
Winnebago County	201	Rockford	1836	Jo Daviess	WinnebagoNative Americans	295,266	514sqmi; (1,331km)
Woodford County	203	Eureka	1841	Tazewell and McLean County	Gen.William Woodford(1734-80), brigadier general in theAmerican Revolutionary Warwho died while a British prisoner	38,664	528sqmi; (1,368km)

地理環境

地貌

伊利諾州地勢平坦，平均海拔182米，自北向南傾斜。西北部較高，有起伏平緩的丘陵。全境最高點海拔378米，為西北角有查爾斯丘。北部和中部的黑土非常肥沃，為世界上最佳耕地之一。地表有厚層冰川沉積，叫做冰磧層。第四紀內，北美洲北部及中部出現大陸冰川。冰川向南推進時，把全州大部分地面蝕平，好似平鍋的鍋底。冰川融化後消失，把冰內夾帶的泥砂石塊堆積在地面上，成為冰磧物，似一張圓餅攤在鍋底的平面上。冰川避開了州西北角及州境南端兩個丘陵區，這一帶未遭受大陸冰川的破壞。南部馬里恩附近小丘區是大陸冰川南進的限界。南端河岸港開羅以南未受冰川的刨蝕。除上述西北角及南端大丘陵區外，都遭受大陸冰川覆蓋數千年到數萬年之久。

氣候

伊利諾州屬溫帶氣候，冬季寒冷多雪，夏炎熱。冬季平均氣溫，北部為－6℃，南部為3℃；夏季平均氣溫分別為21和25℃。年平均降水，北部為800～1200毫米，南部為1200～1600毫米。南部生長期為210天，最北部僅有160天。

自然資源

伊利諾州主要礦產有煤、石油、鉛、鋅、石灰石和玻璃砂。煤產量居全國第四位，石油居第八位。煤炭主要分布於州的中部和南部，石油分布於南部。其他礦產資源有鉛、鋅、石灰石和玻璃砂等。

人口民族

伊利諾州人口約1291萬，位居全美第5，白人、黑人、拉美裔及亞太裔分別占總人口的71.4%、 14.6%、14.9%和4.3%，約有華僑華人10餘萬人。

經濟概況

農業經濟

該州是全國主要的農業州之一。全州80%的土地為農業用地。每個農戶平均耕種140公頃（約2100畝）農田。大豆產量居全國首位；玉米產量有時占第一位，有時居第二位；豬肉和牛肉產量亦均名列前茅。

工業經濟

伊利諾伊工業主要集中在芝加哥。由於靠近鐵礦產地，交通方便，鋼鐵工業發展迅速，芝加哥已取代鋼都匹茲堡成為全國最大的鋼鐵工業中心。農業機械、建築機械和金屬製品產量居各州之冠；電機產量名列第三；汽車工業也很重要，有55萬職工從事機動車輛的製造和裝配。食品工業僅次於加利福尼亞州。印刷業和出版業僅次於紐約州，居全國第二位。

服務業

伊州是美國傳統製造業中心，也是美國交通運輸及物流配送中心。建築機械、農業器具、通訊設備、生物技術及金融、保險、諮詢和批發零售等服務業發達。全州有2300多家商業銀行，1000家儲蓄銀行，2000多家保險機構，並有11200多個金融從業公司。芝加哥商業交易所（集團）是世界最大的期貨交易所。

政府財政

二十一世紀初以來，評級機構一直在下調伊利諾州的信用評級，伊利諾州欠下了巨額養老金債務，此外還積欠了150億美元的未付賬單，且在州議員2015年聽憑一項上調所得稅的臨時政策到期終止後，該州的財政收入出現下降。2017年6月，評級機構將該州的評級降至只比“垃圾”級高一級的水平。

社會事業

教育事業

該州大專院校188所，數量居全美第5位，在校生75萬人，每百人中就有6.4個大學生。著名的高等學府有芝加哥大學（1891年）、西北大學（1851年）、伊利諾伊大學。

主要大學：西北大學、芝加哥大學、伊利諾大學厄巴納-香檳分校、伊利諾州立大學、伊利諾大學芝加哥分校、南伊利諾伊大學、伊利諾理工學院、羅耀拉大學、帝波大學、芝加哥藝術學院。

新聞事業

該州共有報紙700多份，其中日報50份，主要有《芝加哥論壇報》和《芝加哥太陽時報》。有50餘家電視台，近400家電台。

友好城市

伊州與遼寧省（1982年）和台灣省（1992年）互為友好省州，芝加哥與瀋陽（1985年）和上海（1985年）互為友城。此外，喬利埃特（Joliet）、洛克福特（Rockford）、柏林布魯克（Bolingbrook）、佩里亞（Peoria）、蓋利斯伯格（Galesburg）分別與遼寧省遼陽市、江蘇省常州市、河南省許昌市、遼寧省本溪市和安徽省馬鞍山市互為友城。

交通運輸

伊利諾州被認為是美國的交通中心。芝加哥是世界最大的鐵路樞紐，有30條鐵路幹線及其支線匯集於此。全州有鐵路37000公里，居全國第二位。1848年開鑿伊利諾伊—密西根運河以後，溝通了東北部的聖勞倫斯水道和西部的密西西比水道，使本州與其他各州之間的水運更加便利。州內有幾十個機場，最大的是芝加哥的奧黑爾菲爾德國際機場和米德韋機場。

重要機場：芝加哥歐海爾國際機場、芝加哥中途國際機場。

重要高速公路：55號州際公路、57號州際公路、70號州際公路、72號州際公路、74號州際公路、80號州際公路、88號州際公路（西段）、90號州際公路、94號州際公路、290號州際公路、294號州際公路、355號州際公路。

風俗民情

宗教

宗教上，伊利諾州不像其它中西部的州﹙新教徒占有極大比例﹚，而僅有半數的居民是新教徒，羅馬天主教的比例則大約為三分之一，多分布在芝加哥都會區周圍。整個人口信仰比例為：

51%新教徒﹙Protestant﹚

伊利諾州

33% 羅馬天主教徒Roman Catholic

1% 其他基督教派的教徒 Other Christian

3% 其他宗教教徒Other Religions

8% 無信仰者 Non-Religious

伊利諾州前三大新教徒是：浸禮會﹙Baptist：15%﹚、路德會(Lutheran：5%）、衛理公會﹙Methodist：8%﹚。

人文景點

芝加哥美術館（Art Institute of Chicago）位於伊利諾州芝加哥市，創建於1891年，因薈萃世界各地藝術珍品而負有盛名，它既是世界上最古老的美術展覽館之一，也是當今美國三大美術館之一。

芝加哥美術館正門

布魯克菲爾德動物園（Brookfield Zoo）正式名稱芝加哥動物園（Chicago Zoological Park）。建於1934年，以其大規模的開放式場地出名。

菲爾德自然史博物館（The Field Museum of Natural History）最早建立於1893年9月，至今該館已收集有兩千多萬種生物及人文標本，每年組織有大量的展覽、研究和教育項目，館內的自然史圖書館藏書達25萬冊。

著名人物

作家卡爾·山柏格(Carl Sandburg)、作家恩尼斯特·海明威(Ernest Hemingway)、廣播電視喜劇演員克·班尼(Jack Benny)、女詩人關朵琳·布魯克絲(GwendolynBrooks)、南京大屠殺時保護平民的美國傳教士明妮·魏特琳、創意動畫家/迪士尼樂園創辦人華德·迪士尼(Walt Disney)、以及美國第四十任總統隆納·雷根(Ronald Reagan)。