《國際經濟學》從兩個方面闡述了國際經濟學理論：國際貿易關係和國際貨幣關係。全書講述了國際經濟學領域內研究的五大熱點問題：經濟活動的全球化問題，自由貿易和生活質量的關係問題，開發中國家與工業化國家之間的貿易衝突問題，世界貿易組織與區域性貿易協定解度的貿易自由化問題以及作為主要貨幣的美元的作用和地位問題。全書的突出物點是緊密聯繫實踐，理論和方法的闡述通谷易懂。如作者羅伯特·J·凱伯教授在《國際經濟學》的前言中所說：“我相信，把一門專業課的知識在實踐中的套用講授給學生，是激勵他們學習這門課程的最好方式”。《國際經濟學》非常適合我國高等院校經濟管理專業本科生作為《國際經濟學》教材使用，也可供從事國際經濟學研究的人員參考。
基本介紹
- 書名：高等學校經濟學類英文版教材•國際經濟學
- 作者：羅伯特·J·凱伯 （Robert J.Carbaugh）
- 出版日期：2005年4月1日
- 語種：簡體中文, 英語
- ISBN：704017135X
- 外文名：International Economics
- 出版社：高等教育出版社
- 頁數：458頁
- 開本：16
- 品牌：高等教育出版社
作者簡介,圖書目錄,文摘,序言,
作者簡介
作者：（美國）羅伯特·J·凱伯（Robert J.Carbaugh）
羅伯特·J·凱伯（ROBERT J.CARBAUGH），美國華盛頓中央大學經濟學教授。
羅伯特·J·凱伯（ROBERT J.CARBAUGH），美國華盛頓中央大學經濟學教授。
圖書目錄
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 The International Economy
Globalization of Economic Activity
Waves of Globalization
First Wave of Globalization: 1870-1914
Second Wave of Globalization: 1945-1980
New Wave of Globalization
FOREIGN COMPETITION AND THE U.S.Atrro INDUSTRY
The United States as an Open Economy
Why Is Globalization Important?
COMPETITION IN THE WORLD STEEL INDUSTRY
Common Fallacies of Intemational Trade
What Makes a Company "American"?
International Competitiveness
Firm （Industry） Competitiveness
A Nation's Competitiveness
Globalization and Competitiveness
Has Globalization Gone Too Far?
The plan of this book
Summary
Study Questions
PART 1:INTERNATIONAL TRADE RELATIONS
Chapter2 Foundations of Modern Trade Theory
Historical Development of
Modern Trade Theory
The Mercantilists
Why Nations Trade: Absolute Advantage
Why Nations Trade:Comparative Advantage
WHERE DOES U.S. COMPARATIVE
ADVANTAGE LtE?
Comparative Advantage in Money Terms
Production Possibilities Schedules
Trading Under Constant-Cost Conditions
Constant Costs
Basis for Trade and Direction of Trade.
Production Gains from Specialization
Consumption Gains from Trade
Distributing the Gains from Trade
Complete Specialization
Productivity and Comparative Advantage
Changing Comparative Advantage
Trade Restrictions
Trading Under Increasing-Cost Conditions
Increasing Costs
Increasing-Cost Trading Case
Partial Specialization
Comparative Advantage Extended to Many
Products and Countries
More Than Two Products
Chapter 3 International Equllibrlum
Indifference Curves
Equilibrium in the Absence of Trade
A Restatement: Basis for Trade,
Gains from Trade
Equilibrium Terms of Trade
More Than Two Countries...
Summary
Study Questions
Theory of Reciprocal Demand
Terms-of-Trade Estimates
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 4 Trade Model Extenslons and Applications
Factor-Endowment Theory
Factor-Price Equalization
Trade and the Distribution of Income
THE HECKSCHER-OHLIN THEORY:U.S.-CHINA TRADE
Does Trade Make the Poor Even Poorer？
Explaining Wage Inequality
Evidence on Wage Inequality
Policy Implications
Are Actual Trade Patterns Explained by the Factor-Endowment Theory？
Economies of Scale and Specialization
Theory of Overlapping Demands
Intraindustry Trade
Product Cycles
Pocket Calculators and the International Product Cycle
Dynamic Comparative Advantage:
Industrial Policy
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 5 Tarlffs
The Tariff Concept
Types of Tariffs
Specific Tariff
Ad Valorem Tariff
Compound Tariff
Smuggled Steel Evades U.S. Tariffs
Effective Rate of Protection
Tariff Escalation
Production Sharing and Offshore-Assembly Provision
Postponing Import Duties
Bonded Warehouse
Foreign-Trade Zone
Tariff Welfare Effects: Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus
Tariff Welfare Effects: SmaU-Nation Model
CALCULATING THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF A TARIFF
Tariff Welfare Effects: Large-Nation Model
PRESERVING A PRODUCnON WORKER'S JOB
Tariff Examples
Lamb Tariffs Fleece U.S. Consumers
Motorcycles
Japanese Luxury Cars
Who Pays for Import Restrictions？
EFFECTS OF EIAMINATING IMPORT TARIFFS
How a Tariff Burdens Exporters
Arguments for Trade Restrictions
Job Protection
PETrrlON OF THE CANDLE MAKERS
Protection Against Cheap Foreign Labor
Fairness in Trade- A Level Playing Field.
Maintenance of the Domestic Standard of Living
Equalization of Production Costs
Infant- Industry Argument
Noneconomic Arguments
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 6 Nontarlff Trade Barriers
Import Quota
Trade and Welfare Effects
Allocating Quota Licenses
Sugar Import Quotas
Quotas Versus Tariffs
Tariff-Rate Quota: A Two-Tier Tariff
Orderly Marketing Agreements
STEEL-USING INDUSTRIES OPPOSE
RESTRICTIONS ON STEEL IMPORTS
Export Quota Effects
Japanese Auto Restraints Put Brakes on U.S. Motorists
Domestic Content Requirements
Subsidies
How "FOREIGN" IS YOUR CAR？
Domestic Subsidy
Export Subsidy
Dumping
Forms of Dumping
International Price Discrimination
Antidumping Regulations
Other Nontariff Trade Barriers
Government Procurement Policies
Social Regulations
Sea Transport and Freight Restrictions
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 7 Trade Regulation and lndustrial Policles.
Smoot-Hawley Act
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The GATT System
Multilateral Trade Negotiations
World Trade Organization
Settling Trade Disputes
Does the WTO Reduce National Sovereignty？
Does the WTO Harm the Environment？
A New Round of Trade Negotiations
for the WTO
The Battle in Seattle
From Seattle to Doha
Trade Promotion Authority （Fast-Track Authority）
The Escape Clause
Bush's Steely Pragmatism
Countervailing Duties
Lumber Quotas Hammer Home Buyers
Antidumping Duties
The Prevalence of Antidumping Action
Remedies Against Dumped and Subsidized Imports
Section 301: Unfair Trading Practices
Europe Slips in Banana Dispute
Protection of Intellectual Property Rights
Trade Adjustment Assistance
Will Wage Insurance Make Free Trade
More Acceptable to Workers？
Industrial Policies of the United States
Export Promotion and Financing
Industrial Policies of Japan
Has Industrial Policy Helped Japan？
Strategic Trade Policy
Imperfect Competition and Government Subsidies
Welfare Effects of Strategic Trade Policy
Economic Sanctions
Factors Influencing the Success of Sanctions
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 8 Trade Polides for the Developing Nations
Developing-Nation Trade Characteristics
Trade Problems of the Developing Nations
Unstable Export Markets
Worsening Terms of Trade
Limited Market Access
FAIR-TRADE MOVEMENT HELPS POOR COFFE
FARMERS
Call for a New International Economic Order
Generalized System of Preferences
Stabilizing Commodity Prices
Production and Export Controls
Buffer Stocks
Multilateral Contracts
The OPEC Oil Cartel
Maximizing Cartel Profits
OPEC as a Cartel
OPEC's Price Band
Tapping the Strategic Oil Reserve
Breaking OPEC's Grip
……
Chapter9 Regional trading arrangements
Chapter10 Interational factor movements and multinational enterprises
PART 2:INTERNATIONAL MONETARY RELATIONS
Chapter11 The balance of payments
Chapter12 Foreign exchange
Chapter13 Exchange-rate determination
Chapter14 Balance-of -payments adjustments under fixed exchange rates
Chapter15 Exchange-rate adjustments and the balance of payments
Chapter16 Exchange-rate systems
Chapter17 Macroeconomic policy in an open economy
Chapter18 International banking :reserves,debt ,and risk
Index
Chapter 1 The International Economy
Globalization of Economic Activity
Waves of Globalization
First Wave of Globalization: 1870-1914
Second Wave of Globalization: 1945-1980
New Wave of Globalization
FOREIGN COMPETITION AND THE U.S.Atrro INDUSTRY
The United States as an Open Economy
Why Is Globalization Important?
COMPETITION IN THE WORLD STEEL INDUSTRY
Common Fallacies of Intemational Trade
What Makes a Company "American"?
International Competitiveness
Firm （Industry） Competitiveness
A Nation's Competitiveness
Globalization and Competitiveness
Has Globalization Gone Too Far?
The plan of this book
Summary
Study Questions
PART 1:INTERNATIONAL TRADE RELATIONS
Chapter2 Foundations of Modern Trade Theory
Historical Development of
Modern Trade Theory
The Mercantilists
Why Nations Trade: Absolute Advantage
Why Nations Trade:Comparative Advantage
WHERE DOES U.S. COMPARATIVE
ADVANTAGE LtE?
Comparative Advantage in Money Terms
Production Possibilities Schedules
Trading Under Constant-Cost Conditions
Constant Costs
Basis for Trade and Direction of Trade.
Production Gains from Specialization
Consumption Gains from Trade
Distributing the Gains from Trade
Complete Specialization
Productivity and Comparative Advantage
Changing Comparative Advantage
Trade Restrictions
Trading Under Increasing-Cost Conditions
Increasing Costs
Increasing-Cost Trading Case
Partial Specialization
Comparative Advantage Extended to Many
Products and Countries
More Than Two Products
Chapter 3 International Equllibrlum
Indifference Curves
Equilibrium in the Absence of Trade
A Restatement: Basis for Trade,
Gains from Trade
Equilibrium Terms of Trade
More Than Two Countries...
Summary
Study Questions
Theory of Reciprocal Demand
Terms-of-Trade Estimates
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 4 Trade Model Extenslons and Applications
Factor-Endowment Theory
Factor-Price Equalization
Trade and the Distribution of Income
THE HECKSCHER-OHLIN THEORY:U.S.-CHINA TRADE
Does Trade Make the Poor Even Poorer？
Explaining Wage Inequality
Evidence on Wage Inequality
Policy Implications
Are Actual Trade Patterns Explained by the Factor-Endowment Theory？
Economies of Scale and Specialization
Theory of Overlapping Demands
Intraindustry Trade
Product Cycles
Pocket Calculators and the International Product Cycle
Dynamic Comparative Advantage:
Industrial Policy
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 5 Tarlffs
The Tariff Concept
Types of Tariffs
Specific Tariff
Ad Valorem Tariff
Compound Tariff
Smuggled Steel Evades U.S. Tariffs
Effective Rate of Protection
Tariff Escalation
Production Sharing and Offshore-Assembly Provision
Postponing Import Duties
Bonded Warehouse
Foreign-Trade Zone
Tariff Welfare Effects: Consumer Surplus and Producer Surplus
Tariff Welfare Effects: SmaU-Nation Model
CALCULATING THE WELFARE EFFECTS OF A TARIFF
Tariff Welfare Effects: Large-Nation Model
PRESERVING A PRODUCnON WORKER'S JOB
Tariff Examples
Lamb Tariffs Fleece U.S. Consumers
Motorcycles
Japanese Luxury Cars
Who Pays for Import Restrictions？
EFFECTS OF EIAMINATING IMPORT TARIFFS
How a Tariff Burdens Exporters
Arguments for Trade Restrictions
Job Protection
PETrrlON OF THE CANDLE MAKERS
Protection Against Cheap Foreign Labor
Fairness in Trade- A Level Playing Field.
Maintenance of the Domestic Standard of Living
Equalization of Production Costs
Infant- Industry Argument
Noneconomic Arguments
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 6 Nontarlff Trade Barriers
Import Quota
Trade and Welfare Effects
Allocating Quota Licenses
Sugar Import Quotas
Quotas Versus Tariffs
Tariff-Rate Quota: A Two-Tier Tariff
Orderly Marketing Agreements
STEEL-USING INDUSTRIES OPPOSE
RESTRICTIONS ON STEEL IMPORTS
Export Quota Effects
Japanese Auto Restraints Put Brakes on U.S. Motorists
Domestic Content Requirements
Subsidies
How "FOREIGN" IS YOUR CAR？
Domestic Subsidy
Export Subsidy
Dumping
Forms of Dumping
International Price Discrimination
Antidumping Regulations
Other Nontariff Trade Barriers
Government Procurement Policies
Social Regulations
Sea Transport and Freight Restrictions
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 7 Trade Regulation and lndustrial Policles.
Smoot-Hawley Act
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
The GATT System
Multilateral Trade Negotiations
World Trade Organization
Settling Trade Disputes
Does the WTO Reduce National Sovereignty？
Does the WTO Harm the Environment？
A New Round of Trade Negotiations
for the WTO
The Battle in Seattle
From Seattle to Doha
Trade Promotion Authority （Fast-Track Authority）
The Escape Clause
Bush's Steely Pragmatism
Countervailing Duties
Lumber Quotas Hammer Home Buyers
Antidumping Duties
The Prevalence of Antidumping Action
Remedies Against Dumped and Subsidized Imports
Section 301: Unfair Trading Practices
Europe Slips in Banana Dispute
Protection of Intellectual Property Rights
Trade Adjustment Assistance
Will Wage Insurance Make Free Trade
More Acceptable to Workers？
Industrial Policies of the United States
Export Promotion and Financing
Industrial Policies of Japan
Has Industrial Policy Helped Japan？
Strategic Trade Policy
Imperfect Competition and Government Subsidies
Welfare Effects of Strategic Trade Policy
Economic Sanctions
Factors Influencing the Success of Sanctions
Summary
Study Questions
Chapter 8 Trade Polides for the Developing Nations
Developing-Nation Trade Characteristics
Trade Problems of the Developing Nations
Unstable Export Markets
Worsening Terms of Trade
Limited Market Access
FAIR-TRADE MOVEMENT HELPS POOR COFFE
FARMERS
Call for a New International Economic Order
Generalized System of Preferences
Stabilizing Commodity Prices
Production and Export Controls
Buffer Stocks
Multilateral Contracts
The OPEC Oil Cartel
Maximizing Cartel Profits
OPEC as a Cartel
OPEC's Price Band
Tapping the Strategic Oil Reserve
Breaking OPEC's Grip
……
Chapter9 Regional trading arrangements
Chapter10 Interational factor movements and multinational enterprises
PART 2:INTERNATIONAL MONETARY RELATIONS
Chapter11 The balance of payments
Chapter12 Foreign exchange
Chapter13 Exchange-rate determination
Chapter14 Balance-of -payments adjustments under fixed exchange rates
Chapter15 Exchange-rate adjustments and the balance of payments
Chapter16 Exchange-rate systems
Chapter17 Macroeconomic policy in an open economy
Chapter18 International banking :reserves,debt ,and risk
Index
文摘
As a result of these productivity gains, the production possibilities schedule of each country rotates outward and becomes flatter. More output can now be produced in each country with the same amount of resources. Referring to the new production possibilities schedules, the MRT of automobiles into computers equals 0.67 for the United States and 0.5 for Japan. The comparative cost of a computer in Japan has thus fallen below that in the United States. For the United States, the consequence of lagging productivity growth is that it loses its comparative advantage in computer production！ But even after Japan achieves comparative advantage in computers, the United States still has a comparative advantage in autos; the change in manufacturing productivity thus results in a change in the direction of trade. The lesson of this example is that producers who fall behind in research and development, technology, and equipment tend to find their competitiveness dwindling in world markets.
For domestic workers, what are the consequences of lost competitiveness in particular export markets？ Not only do they lose jobs to foreign workers, but their wages tend to decrease relative to the wages of competing workers abroad. Some domestic workers with specialized skills that are not transferable to other industries may face lasting reductions in income.
It should be noted, however, that all countries enjoy a comparative advantage in some product or service. For the United States, the growth of international competition in industries such as steel and autos may make it easy to forget that the United States continues to be a major exporter of aircraft, paper, instruments, plastics, and chemicals. But putting the comparative-advantage principle into operation can be difficult, because workers are often reluctant to retrain and relocate to areas of the country where industries are expanding. Workers in import-competing industries often demand trade restrictions （such as tariffs or quotas） to preserve their jobs and wages.
IRADE RESTRlCTIONS
The principle of comparative advantage under constant costs suggests that trading nations will achieve the greatest possible gains from trade when they completely specialize in the production of the commodities of their comparative advantage. One factor that limits specialization is the restrictions governments impose on the movement of commodities among nations. By reducing the overall volume of trade, trade restrictions tend to reduce the gains from trade.
Assume that, for reasons of national security, the United States establishes restrictions on the amount of oil that can be imported from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries （OPEC）. Rather than importing all of its oil from OPEC, which is assumed to have a comparative advantage in oil production, suppose that the United States wishes to produce some oil itself. The United States chooses to produce some of the commodity of its comparative disadvantage in return for a greater degree of national security.
Figure 2.5 illustrates this trading situation between the United States and OPEC. Because the United States has the comparative advantage in the production of manufactured goods, it would benefit by specializing in the production of manufactured goods. The United States thus moves its production location from autarky point A to point B. By exporting, say, 175 manufactured goods at the international terms of trade tt, the United States would import 275 barrels of crude oil. At posttrade consumption point C, the U.S. consumption gains from trade total 125 manufactured goods and 100 barrels of crude oil.
For domestic workers, what are the consequences of lost competitiveness in particular export markets？ Not only do they lose jobs to foreign workers, but their wages tend to decrease relative to the wages of competing workers abroad. Some domestic workers with specialized skills that are not transferable to other industries may face lasting reductions in income.
It should be noted, however, that all countries enjoy a comparative advantage in some product or service. For the United States, the growth of international competition in industries such as steel and autos may make it easy to forget that the United States continues to be a major exporter of aircraft, paper, instruments, plastics, and chemicals. But putting the comparative-advantage principle into operation can be difficult, because workers are often reluctant to retrain and relocate to areas of the country where industries are expanding. Workers in import-competing industries often demand trade restrictions （such as tariffs or quotas） to preserve their jobs and wages.
IRADE RESTRlCTIONS
The principle of comparative advantage under constant costs suggests that trading nations will achieve the greatest possible gains from trade when they completely specialize in the production of the commodities of their comparative advantage. One factor that limits specialization is the restrictions governments impose on the movement of commodities among nations. By reducing the overall volume of trade, trade restrictions tend to reduce the gains from trade.
Assume that, for reasons of national security, the United States establishes restrictions on the amount of oil that can be imported from the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries （OPEC）. Rather than importing all of its oil from OPEC, which is assumed to have a comparative advantage in oil production, suppose that the United States wishes to produce some oil itself. The United States chooses to produce some of the commodity of its comparative disadvantage in return for a greater degree of national security.
Figure 2.5 illustrates this trading situation between the United States and OPEC. Because the United States has the comparative advantage in the production of manufactured goods, it would benefit by specializing in the production of manufactured goods. The United States thus moves its production location from autarky point A to point B. By exporting, say, 175 manufactured goods at the international terms of trade tt, the United States would import 275 barrels of crude oil. At posttrade consumption point C, the U.S. consumption gains from trade total 125 manufactured goods and 100 barrels of crude oil.
序言
自教育部在《關於加強高等學校本科教學工作提高教學質量的若干意見》【教高（2001）4號】中提出雙語教學的要求後，各地高校相繼開設了一系列雙語教學課程。這對提高學生的學科和外文水平，開闊國際視野，培養創新型人才起到了重要的作用：一大批教師也逐漸熟悉了外文授課，自身的教學水平和能力得到較大提高，具備國際學術思維的中青年教師脫穎而出。同時，經過近幾年的雙語教學實踐，國外原版教材量大、邏輯不夠清晰、疏離中國現實等問題也影響了雙語教學的效果。因此，對外版教材進行本土化的精簡改編，使之更加適合我國的雙語教學已提上教材建設日程。
為了滿足高等學校經濟管理類雙語課程本土化教學的需要，在教育部高等教育司的指導和支持下，高等教育出版社Thomson Learning等國外著名出版公司通力合作，在國內首次推出了金融、會計、經濟學等專業的英文原版改編教材。本套教材的遴選、改編和出版嚴格遵循了以下幾個原則：
1.擇優選取權威的新版本。在各專業選書論證會上，我們要求入選改編的教材不僅是在國際上多次再版的經典之作的最新版本，而且是近年來已在國內被試用的優秀教材。
2.改編後的教材力求內容規範簡明，邏輯更加清晰，語言原汁原味，適合中國的雙語教學。選擇的改編人既熟悉原版教材內容又具有本書或本門課程雙語教學的經驗；在改編過程中，高等教育出版社組織了知名專家學者召開了數次改編和審稿會議，改編稿徵求了眾多教師的意見。
3.改編後的教材配有較豐富的輔助教學支持資源，教師可在網上免費獲取。同時，改編後的教材厚度適中，定價標準較低。
由於原作者所處國家的政治、經濟和文化背景等與我國不同，對書中所持觀點，敬請廣大讀者在閱讀過程中注意加以分析和鑑別。
此次英文改編教材的出版，得到了很多專家學者的支持和幫助，在此深表謝意！我們期待這批英文改編教材的出版能對我國經濟管理類專業的教學能有所幫助，歡迎廣大讀者給我們提出寶貴的意見和建議。
為了滿足高等學校經濟管理類雙語課程本土化教學的需要，在教育部高等教育司的指導和支持下，高等教育出版社Thomson Learning等國外著名出版公司通力合作，在國內首次推出了金融、會計、經濟學等專業的英文原版改編教材。本套教材的遴選、改編和出版嚴格遵循了以下幾個原則：
1.擇優選取權威的新版本。在各專業選書論證會上，我們要求入選改編的教材不僅是在國際上多次再版的經典之作的最新版本，而且是近年來已在國內被試用的優秀教材。
2.改編後的教材力求內容規範簡明，邏輯更加清晰，語言原汁原味，適合中國的雙語教學。選擇的改編人既熟悉原版教材內容又具有本書或本門課程雙語教學的經驗；在改編過程中，高等教育出版社組織了知名專家學者召開了數次改編和審稿會議，改編稿徵求了眾多教師的意見。
3.改編後的教材配有較豐富的輔助教學支持資源，教師可在網上免費獲取。同時，改編後的教材厚度適中，定價標準較低。
由於原作者所處國家的政治、經濟和文化背景等與我國不同，對書中所持觀點，敬請廣大讀者在閱讀過程中注意加以分析和鑑別。
此次英文改編教材的出版，得到了很多專家學者的支持和幫助，在此深表謝意！我們期待這批英文改編教材的出版能對我國經濟管理類專業的教學能有所幫助，歡迎廣大讀者給我們提出寶貴的意見和建議。
