基本介紹
- 中文名:狀態動詞
- 屬性:辭彙類別
- 相關領域:英語
- 釋義:描述狀態,表示相對靜止的動詞
時態表達 直接自然,分類,動詞be(是)和動詞have(有),含有狀態動詞be和have的意義的動詞,表示五官感覺的動詞,表示心理或情感狀態的動詞,注意,
時態表達 直接自然
一般而言,如果不表達某一特殊含義,連繫動詞是沒有進行時和完成時的。seem, appear等連繫動詞的進行時和完成時也必須通過其後的不定式或從句來表達。而表示狀態變化的連繫動詞都可以直接用進行時、完成時及將來時來表達正在(漸漸)、已經或將要“變得”或“成為”等時間概念或意義。試比較下列幾組句子:
1) He seemed to be writing something.(=It seemed that he was writing something.)
他好象在寫什麼東西。
Our country is becoming (或getting) stronger and stronger.
我們國家日益強大。
2) He seems (或appears) to have been to Beijing. (=It seems (或appears) that he has been to Beijing.)
他似乎去過北京。
The custom has now become a rule.
那習俗現已變為成規。
This material has worn thin.
這料子已磨薄了。
3) It seems as if it is going to rain.
看來快下雨了。
The milk in the cup will go bad.
杯子裡的牛奶要壞了。
他好象在寫什麼東西。
Our country is becoming (或getting) stronger and stronger.
我們國家日益強大。
2) He seems (或appears) to have been to Beijing. (=It seems (或appears) that he has been to Beijing.)
他似乎去過北京。
The custom has now become a rule.
那習俗現已變為成規。
This material has worn thin.
這料子已磨薄了。
3) It seems as if it is going to rain.
看來快下雨了。
The milk in the cup will go bad.
杯子裡的牛奶要壞了。
分類
動詞be(是)和動詞have(有)
例如: The boy is 150 centimeters tall. 這個男孩150厘米高。
My husband has several shirts of different colors. 我丈夫有好幾件顏色不同的襯衫。
而不可以說:The boy is being 150 centimeters tall.
My husband is having several shirts of different colors.
含有狀態動詞be和have的意義的動詞
如:belong to, contain, differ from, matter, own等。這類狀態動詞通常都不可以用於進行時。例如:
That dictionary belongs to me. 那本字典是屬於我的
。不能說:That dictionary is belonging to me.
表示五官感覺的動詞
如 hear, see, feel, taste, smell等。
例如: The old man doesn’t hear very well.那位老人聽覺不太好。
不能說The old man isn’t hearing very well.
The meat tastes delicious. 這肉味道真好。
但不可以說:The meat is tasting delicious.
表示心理或情感狀態的動詞
如 believe, consider, expect, imagine, regret,remember等。這類動詞通常也都不用於進行時。
例如: He does not believe in Howard’s honesty. 他不相信霍華德為人真誠。
不能說He is not believing in Howard’s honesty.
注意
某些狀態動詞也可指代動作,在此情況下,狀態動詞可用進行時。 例如: The girl is feeling the pot. 那個女孩在摸那個壺。