巴什基爾語

使用者

1989年普查顯示蘇聯有超過1,047,000巴什基爾語母語使用者，還有26,737人稱巴什基爾語為他們的第二語言。大約300,000巴什基爾人認為韃靼語是他們的母語。巴什基爾語使用者多在俄羅斯的巴什科爾托斯坦共和國（巴什基爾），以及鄰近的韃靼斯坦共和國和烏德穆爾特共和國。也有不少使用者在彼爾姆州和車里雅賓斯克州、奧倫堡州、斯維爾德洛夫斯克州、庫爾乾州，以及在哈薩克斯坦和烏茲別克斯坦的巴什基爾少數民族。

歷史沿革

儘管巴什基爾人源自烏拉爾或Finnik人，他們最初採用了伏爾加語言。在13世紀俄國人入侵蒙古之後，因大多Golden Horbe部族說Kypchak語言，Kypchak變了當時最流行的語言。現代巴什基爾語，與韃靼語相似，詞根都是來自Kypchak group的語言。現在巴什基爾語有很多方言，這點也與韃靼語相似。在過去，巴什基爾語使用韃靼語作為書面語。在15世紀，書面語被察合台語取代（但根據一些學者指出，巴什基爾語採用察合台語的舊韃靼語變體），直至1923年。韃靼語和察合台語都使用阿拉伯字母。

在1923年，巴什基爾語建立了自己的書寫體系，Also own literary language was created, using the most differ than bourgeous Tatar language dialect。首先，它使用經修改的阿拉伯字母。在1930年，它轉為基於拉丁字母的字母，而在1938年冬天改用西里爾字母。

巴什基爾語所採用的西里爾字母，在俄語字母的基礎上加上以下的字母：Ҙҙ、Әә、Өө、Үү、Ғғ、Ҡҡ、Ңң、Ҙҙ、Ҫҫ、Һһ。

字母表

А

а

Б

б

В

в

Г

г

Ғ

ғ

Д

д

Ҙ

ҙ

Е

е

Ё

ё

Ж

ж

З

з

И

и

Й

й

К

к

Ҡ

ҡ

Л

л

М

м

Н

н

Ң

ң

О

о

Ө

ө

П

п

Р

р

С

с

Ҫ

ҫ

Т

т

У

у

Ү

ү

Ф

ф

Х

х

Һ

һ

Ц

ц

Ч

ч

Ш

ш

Щ

щ

Ъ

ъ

Ы

ы

Ь

ь

Э

э

Ә

ә

Ю

ю

Я

я

翻譯

巴什基爾語翻譯涉及各個行業，包括機械，通訊，航空，化工，生物，電力，醫療，農業，環境，交通水利，電氣，軍事，房地產，貿易，保險，物流，冶金，紡織，自動化，計算機，IT，園藝，造紙等近百個領域的巴什基爾文翻譯。

日常用語


Welcome	Сәләм бирем! (Säläm biryem!)
Hello (General greeting)	сәләм (säläm)
Hello(on phone)
How are you?	эштәр нисек?(eştär nisyek?)
Reply to 'How are you?'	яҡшы рәхмәт (yaqşı räxmät)
Long time no see
What's your name?	һеҙҙең исемегеҙ нисек (һyeźźyeñ isyemyeгyeź nisyek?)
My name is ...	минең исемем...(minyeñ isyemyem...)
Where are you from?	һеҙ ҡайҙан?(һyeź qayźan?)
I'm from ...
Pleased to meet you	танышыуыбыҙға шатмын (tanışıuıbıźğa şatmın)
Good morning (Morning greeting)	хәйерле ирте (xäyyerlye irtye)
Good afternoon (Afternoon greeting)	хәйерле көн (xäyyerlye kön)
Good evening (Evening greeting)	хәйерле кис (xäyyerlye kis)
Good night	тыныс йоҡо (tınıs yоqо)
Goodbye (Parting phrases)	һау бул (hau bul) һау булығыҙ! (hau buliğiź!) күрешкәнгә тиклем (küryeşängä tiklyem!) осрашҡанға тиклем! (osraşqanğa tiklyem!) -see you later иртәгәгә тиклем! (irtägägä tiklyem) -see you tomorrow тиҙҙән күрешкәнгә тиклем! (tiźźän küryeşängä tiklyem!) -see you soon
Good luck!
Cheers! Good Health! (Toasts used when drinking)
Have a nice day
Bon appetit / Have a nice meal
Bon voyage / Have a good journey
I understand
I don't understand	мин аңламайым (min añlamayım)
Yes	эйе (eyye)
No	юҡ (yuq)
Maybe
I don't know	мин белмәйем(min byelmäyyem)
Please speak more slowly
Please say that again
Please write it down
Do you speak English?	һеҙ инглизсә һөйләшәһегеҙме? (һyeź inгlizsä һöyläşäһyeгyeźmye?)
Do you speakBashkir?	һеҙ башҡортса һөйләшәһегеҙме? (һyeź başqоrtsa һöyläşäһyeгyeźmye?)
Yes, a little (reply to 'Do you speak ...?')
Speak to me inBashkir
How do you say ... inBashkir?	башҡортса ... нисек була? (başqоrtsa ... nisyek bula?)
Excuse me	ғәфү итегеҙ (ğäfü ityeгyeź)
How much is this?
Sorry	ғәфү үтенәм (ğäfü ütyenäm)
Please	зинһар? (zinһar?)
Thank you	рәхмәт (räxmät)
Reply to thank you
Where's the toilet?	бәҙрәф ҡайҙа? (bäźräf qayźa?)
This gentleman will pay for everything
This lady will pay for everything
Would you like to dance with me?
I miss you
I love you	мин һине яратам (min һinye yaratam)
Get well soon
Go away!
Leave me alone!	отстань! (otstan!)
Help!
Fire!
Stop!
Call the police!
Christmas and New Year greetings	Яңы йыл менән (Yañı yıl menän) -Happy new year
Easter greetings
Birthday greetings	тыуған көнөң менән (tıuğan könöñ myenän
One language is never enough
My hovercraft is full of eelsWhy this phrase?

巴什基爾語

基本介紹

使用者

歷史沿革

字母表

翻譯

日常用語

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