光電子學與光子學——原理與實踐（第二版）（英文版）

內容簡介

本書是光電子和光子學領域的經典教材，主要內容包括光的波動性、介質波導與光纖、半導體學與發光二極體、受激輻射器件——光放大器和白愉享舟雷射器、光電探測器和圖像感測器、漏膠光的偏振和調製等。每章除基本內容以外，還給出了蜜體背一些附閥少榜加專題來適當介紹先進技術和產品化光電子器件的實例，擴大和深化讀者對基本內容的理解。本書力求採用儘可能少的數學推導而強調通過物理概念來說明原理，提供了許多例題和習題，使得基本概念與實際器件相聯繫。已根據兵應詢採用此經典教材授課的一些教師的反饋意見，對書中內容進行了少量勘誤。

圖書目錄

Chapter 1?Wave Nature of Light?光的波動性

1.1?Light Waves in a Homogeneous Medium?均勻介質中光的波動性

A. Plane Electromagnetic Wave

B. Maxwell’s Wave Equation and Diverging Waves

Example 1.1.1?A diverging laser beam

1.2?Refractive Index and Dispersion?折射率和色散

Example 1.2.1?Sellmeier equation and diamond

Example 1.2.2?Cauchy equation and diamond

1.3?Group Velocity and Group Index?群速度和群折射率

Example 1.3.1?Group velocity

Example 1.3.2?Group velocity and index

Example 1.3.3?Group and phase velocities

1.4?Magnetic Field, Irradiance, and Poynting Vector?磁場、輻照度和坡印廷矢量

Example 1.4.1?Electric and magnetic fields in light

Example 1.4.2?Power and irradiance of a Gaussian beam

1.5?Snell’s Law and Total Internal Reflection (TIR)

?? 斯涅耳折射定律和全雄蜜夜備反射（TIR）

Example 1.5.1?Beam displacement

1.6?Fresnel’s Equations?菲涅耳方程

A. Amplitude Reflection and Transmission Coefficients (r and t)

B. Intensity, Reflectance, and Transmittance

C. Goos-H?nchen Shift and Optical Tunneling

Example 1.6.1?Reflection of light from aless dense medium (internal reflection)

Example 1.6.2?Reflection at normal incidence, and internal and external reflection

Example 1.6.3?Reflection and transmission at the Brewster angle

1.7?Antireflection Coatings and Dielectric Mirrors?增透膜和介質鏡

A. Antireflection Coatings on Photodetectors and Solar Cells

Example 1.7.1?Antireflection coating on a photodetector

B. Dielectric Mirrors and Bragg Reflectors

Example 1.7.2?Dielectric mirror

1.8?Absorption of Light and Complex Refractive Index?光的吸收估笑員和復折射率

Example 1.8.1?Complex refractive index of InP

Example 1.8.2?Reflectance of CdTe around resonance absorption

1.9?Temporal and Spatial Coherence?時間相干性和空間相干性

Example 1.9.1?Coherence length of LED light

1.10?Superposition and Interference of Waves?波的疊加和干涉

1.11?Multiple Interference and Optical Resonators?多波干涉和光學諧振腔

Example 1.11.1?Resonator modes and spectral width of a semiconductor Fabry–Perot cavity

1.12?Diffraction Principles?衍射原理

A. Fraunhofer Diffraction

Example 1.12.1?Resolving power of imaging systems

B. Diffraction Grating

Example 1.12.2?A reflection grating

Additional Topics?選學專題

1.13?Interferometers?干涉儀

1.14?Thin Film Optics: Multiple Reflections in Thin Films

?? 薄膜光學——薄膜中光波的多次反射

Example 1.14.1?Thin film optics

1.15?Multiple Reflections in Plates and Incoherent Waves

?? 平板內光波多次反射和非相干波

1.16?Scattering of Light?光的散射

1.17?Photonic Crystals?光子晶體

Questions and Problems?習題

Chapter 2?Dielectric Waveguides and Optical Fibers

????? 介質波導與光纖

2.1?Symmetric Planar Dielectric Slab Waveguide?對稱平面介質平板波導

A. Waveguide Condition

B. Single and Multimode Waveguides

C. TE and TM Modes

Example 2.1.1?Waveguide modes

Example 2.1.2?V-number and the number of modes

Example 2.1.3?Mode field width, 2wo

2.2?Modal and Waveguide Dispersion in Planar Waveguides

?? 平面波導中的模間色散和波導色散

A. Waveguide Dispersion Diagram and Group Velocity

B. Intermodal Dispersion

C. Intramodal Dispersion

2.3?Step-Index Optical Fiber?階躍折射率分布光纖

A. Principles and Allowed Modes

Example 2.3.1?A multimode fiber

Example 2.3.2?A single-mode fiber

B. Mode Field Diameter

Example 2.3.3?Mode field diameter

C. Propagation Constant and Group Velocity

Example 2.3.4?Group velocity and delay

D. Modal Dispersion in Multimode Step-Index Fibers

Example 2.3.5?A multimode fiber and dispersion

2.4?Numerical Aperture?數值孔徑

Example 2.4.1?A multimode fiber and total acceptance angle

Example 2.4.2?A single-mode fiber

2.5?Dispersion In Single-Mode Fibers?單模光纖中的色散

A. Material Dispersion

B. Waveguide Dispersion

C. Chromatic Dispersion

D. Profile and Polarization Dispersion Effects

Example 2.5.1?Material dispersion

Example 2.5.2?Material, waveguide, and chromatic dispersion

Example 2.5.3?Chromatic dispersion at different wavelengths

Example 2.5.4?Waveguide dispersion

2.6?Dispersion Modified Fibers and Compensation

?? 色散位移光纖和色散補償

A. Dispersion Modified Fibers

B. Dispersion Compensation

Example 2.6.1?Dispersion compensation

2.7?Bit Rate, Dispersion, and Electrical and Optical Bandwidth

?? 比特率、色散及電學和光學頻寬

A. Bit Rate and Dispersion

B. Optical and Electrical Bandwidth

Example 2.7.1?Bit rate and dispersion for a single-mode fiber

2.8?The Graded Index (GRIN) Optical Fiber?漸變折射率光纖

A. Basic Properties of GRIN Fibers

B. Telecommunications

Example 2.8.1?Dispersion in a graded index fiber and bit rate

Example 2.8.2?Dispersion in a graded index fiber and bit rate

2.9?Attenuation in Optical Fibers?光纖的衰減損耗

A. Attenuation Coefficient and Optical Power Levels

Example 2.9.1?Attenuation along an optical fiber

B. Intrinsic Attenuation in Optical Fibers

C. Intrinsic Attenuation Equations

Example 2.9.2?Rayleigh scattering equations

D. Bending losses

Example 2.9.3?Bending loss for SMF

2.10?Fiber Manufacture?光纖的製造

A. Fiber Drawing

B. Outside Vapor Deposition

Example 2.10.1?Fiber drawing

Additional Topics?選學專題

2.11?Wavelength Division Multiplexing: WDM?波分復用

2.12?Nonlinear Effects in Optical Fibers and DWDM

?? 光纖和DWDM中的非線性效應

2.13?Bragg Fibers?布拉格光纖

2.14?Photonic Crystal Fibers—Holey Fibers?光子晶體光纖——多孔光纖

2.15?Fiber Bragg Gratings and Sensors?光纖布拉格光柵和感測器

Example 2.15.1?Fiber Bragg grating at 1550 nm

Questions and Problems?習題

Chapter 3?Semiconductor Science and Light-Emitting Diodes

????? 半導體學與發光二極體

3.1?Review of Semiconductor Concepts and Energy Bands

?? 半導體概念和能帶概述

A. Energy Band Diagrams, Density of States, Fermi–Dirac Function and Metals

B. Energy Band Diagrams of Semiconductors

3.2?Semiconductor Statistics?半導體的統計分布

3.3?Extrinsic Semiconductors?非本徵半導體

A. n-Type and p-Type Semiconductors

B. Compensation Doping

C. Nondegenerate and Degenerate Semiconductors

D. Energy Band Diagrams in an Applied Field

Example 3.3.1?Fermi levels in semiconductors

Example 3.3.2?Conductivity of n-Si

3.4?Direct and Indirect Bandgap Semiconductors: E–k Diagrams

?? 直接帶隙和間接帶隙半導體： E–k能帶圖

3.5?pn Junction Principles?pn結原理

A. Open Circuit

B. Forward Bias and the Shockley Diode Equation

C. Minority Carrier Charge Stored in Forward Bias

D. Recombination Current and the Total Current

3.6?pn Junction Reverse Current?pn結的反向電流

3.7?pn Junction Dynamic Resistance and Capacitances?pn結動態電阻和電容

A. Depletion Layer Capacitance

B. Dynamic Resistance and Diffusion Capacitance for Small Signals

3.8?Recombination Lifetime?複合壽命

A. Direct Recombination

B. Indirect Recombination

Example 3.8.1?A direct bandgap pn junction

3.9?pn Junction Band Diagram?pn結的能帶圖

A. Open Circuit

B. Forward and Reverse Bias

Example 3.9.1?The built-in voltage from the band diagram

3.10?Heterojunctions?異質結

3.11?Light-Emitting Diodes: Principles?發光二極體基本原理

A. Homojunction LEDs

B. Heterostructure High Intensity LEDs

C. Output Spectrum

Example 3.11.1?LED spectral linewidth

Example 3.11.2?LED spectral width

Example 3.11.3?Dependence of the emission peak and linewidth on temperature

3.12?Quantum Well High Intensity LEDs?量子阱高亮度LED

Example 3.12.1?Energy levels in the quantum well

3.13?LED Materials and Structures?LED材料和結構

A. LED Materials

B. LED Structures

Example 3.13.1?Light extraction from a bare LED chip

3.14?LED Efficiencies and Luminous Flux?LED的效率和光通量

Example 3.14.1?LED efficiencies

Example 3.14.2?LED brightness

3.15?Basic LED Characteristics?LED的基本特性

3.16?LEDs for Optical Fiber Communications?光纖通信套用的LED

3.17?Phosphors and White LEDs?螢光粉和白光LED

Additional Topics?選學專題

3.18?LED Electronics?LED電子技術

Questions and Problems?習題

Chapter 4?Stimulated Emission Devices: Optical Amplifiers and Lasers

????? 受激輻射器件——光放大器和雷射器

4.1?Stimulated Emission, Photon Amplification, and Lasers

?? 受激輻射、光子放大和雷射器

A. Stimulated Emission and Population Inversion

B. Photon Amplification and Laser Principles

C. Four-Level Laser System

4.2?Stimulated Emission Rate and Emission Cross-Section

?? 受激輻射率和輻射截面

A. Stimulated Emission and Einstein Coefficients

Example 4.2.1?Minimum pumping power for three-level laser systems

B. Emission and Absorption Cross-Sections

Example 4.2.2?Gain coefficient in a Nd3+-doped glass fiber

4.3?Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers?摻鉺光纖放大器

A. Principle of Operation and Amplifier Configurations

B. EDFA Characteristics, Efficiency, and Gain Saturation

Example 4.3.1?An erbium-doped fiber amplifier

C. Gain-Flattened EDFAs and Noise Figure

4.4?Gas Lasers: The He-Ne Laser?氣體雷射器：He-Ne雷射器

Example 4.4.1?Efficiency of the He-Ne laser

4.5?The Output Spectrum of a Gas Laser?氣體雷射器的輸出光譜

Example 4.5.1?Doppler broadened linewidth

4.6?Laser Oscillations: Threshold Gain Coefficient and Gain Bandwidth

?? 雷射振盪：閾值增益因子和增益頻寬

A. Optical Gain Coefficient g

B. Threshold Gain Coefficient gth and Output Power

Example 4.6.1?Threshold population inversion for the He-Ne laser

C. Output Power and Photon Lifetime in the Cavity

Example 4.6.2?Output power and photon cavity lifetime τph

D. Optical Cavity, Phase Condition, Laser Modes

4.7?Broadening of the Optical Gain Curve and Linewidth

?? 光增益曲線加寬及其線寬

4.8?Pulsed Lasers: Q-Switching and Mode Locking

?? 脈衝雷射器：調Q（Q開關）和鎖模技術

A. Q-Switching

B. Mode Locking

4.9?Principle of the Laser Diode?半導體雷射器原理

4.10?Heterostructure Laser Diodes?異質結半導體雷射器

Example 4.10.1?Modes in a semiconductor laser and the optical cavity length

4.11?Quantum Well Devices?量子阱器件

Example 4.11.1?A GaAs quantum well

4.12?Elementary Laser Diode Characteristics?雷射二極體的基本特性

Example 4.12.1?Laser output wavelength variation with temperature

Example 4.12.2?Laser diode efficiencies for a sky-blue LD

Example 4.12.3?Laser diode efficiencies

4.13?Steady State Semiconductor Rate Equations: The Laser Diode Equation

?? 穩態半導體速率方程：雷射二極體方程

A. Laser Diode Equation

B. Optical Gain Curve, Threshold, and Transparency Conditions

Example 4.13.1?Threshold current and optical output power from a

??????? Fabry–Perot heterostructure laser diode

4.14?Single Frequency Semiconductor Lasers?單頻半導體雷射器

A. Distributed Bragg Reflector LDs

B. Distributed Feedback LDs

C. External Cavity LDs

Example 4.14.1?DFB LD wavelength

4.15?Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers?垂直腔面發射雷射器

4.16?Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers?半導體光放大器

Additional Topics?選學專題

4.17?Superluminescent and Resonant Cavity Leds: SLD and Rcled

?? 超輻射LED和諧振腔LED：SLD和RCLED

4.18?Direct Modulation of Laser Diodes?雷射器直接調製

4.19?Holography?全息技術

Questions and Problems?習題

Chapter 5?Photodetectors and Image Sensors

????? 光電探測器和圖像感測器

5.1?Principle of the pn Junction Photodiode?pn結光電二極體原理

A. Basic Principles

B. Energy Band Diagrams and Photodetection Modes

C. Current-Voltage Convention and Modes of Operation

5.2?Shockley–Ramo Theorem and External Photocurrent

?? 肖克萊-拉莫定理和外光生電流

5.3?Absorption Coefficient and Photodetector Materials

?? 吸收係數和光電探測器材料

5.4?Quantum Efficiency and Responsivity?量子效率和回響度

Example 5.4.1?Quantum efficiency and responsivity

Example 5.4.2?Maximum quantum efficiency

5.5?The pin Photodiode?pin光電二極體

Example 5.5.1?Operation and speed of a pin photodiode

Example 5.5.2?Photocarrier diffusion in a pin photodiode

Example 5.5.3?Responsivity of a pin photodiode

Example 5.5.4?Steady state photocurrent in the pin photodiode

5.6?Avalanche Photodiode?雪崩光電二極體

A. Principles and Device Structures

Example 5.6.1?InGaAs APD responsivity

Example 5.6.2?Silicon APD

B. Impact Ionization and Avalanche Multiplication

Example 5.6.3?Avalanche multiplication in Si APDs

5.7?Heterojunction Photodiodes?異質結光電二極體

A. Separate Absorption and Multiplication APD

B. Superlattice APDs

5.8?Schottky Junction Photodetector?肖特基結光電探測器

5.9?Phototransistors?光電電晶體

5.10?Photoconductive Detectors and Photoconductive Gain

?? 光電導探測器和光電導增益

5.11?Basic Photodiode Circuits?基本光電二極體電路

5.12?Noise in Photodetectors?光電探測器的噪聲

A. The pn Junction and pin Photodiodes

Example 5.12.1?NEP of a Si pin photodiode

Example 5.12.2?Noise of an ideal photodetector

Example 5.12.3?SNR of a receiver

B. Avalanche Noise in the APD

Example 5.12.4?Noise in an APD

5.13?Image Sensors?圖像感測器

A. Basic Principles

B. Active Matrix Array and CMOS Image Sensors

C. Charge-Coupled Devices

Additional Topics?選學專題

5.14?Photovoltaic Devices: Solar Cells?光伏器件：太陽能電池

A. Basic Principles

B. Operating Current and Voltage and Fill Factor

C. Equivalent Circuit of a Solar Cell

D. Solar Cell Structures and Efficiencies

Example 5.14.1?Solar cell driving a load

Example 5.14.2?Open circuit voltage and short circuit current

Questions and Problems?習題

Chapter 6?Polarization and Modulation of Light?光的偏振與調製

6.1?Polarization?光的偏振

A. State of Polarization

Example 6.1.1?Elliptical and circular polarization

B. Malus’s Law

6.2?Light Propagation in an Anisotropic Medium: Birefringence

??各向異性介質中的光傳播現象：雙折射現象

A. Optical Anisotropy

B. Uniaxial Crystals and Fresnel’s Optical Indicatrix

C. Birefringence of Calcite

D. Dichroism

6.3?Birefringent Optical Devices?雙折射光學器件

A. Retarding Plates

Example 6.3.1?Quartz-half wave plate

Example 6.3.2?Circular polarization from linear polarization

B. Soleil–Babinet Compensator

C. Birefringent Prisms

6.4?Optical Activity and Circular Birefringence?旋光效應和圓雙折射

6.5?Liquid Crystal Displays?液晶顯示器

6.6?Electro-Optic Effects?電光效應

A. Definitions

B. Pockels Effect

Example 6.6.1?Pockels Cell Modulator

C. Kerr Effect

Example 6.6.2?Kerr Effect Modulator

6.7?Integrated Optical Modulators?集成光調製器

A. Phase and Polarization Modulation

B. Mach–Zehnder Modulator

C. Coupled Waveguide Modulators

Example 6.7.1?Modulated Directional Coupler

6.8?Acousto-Optic Modulator?聲光調製器

A. Photoelastic Effect and Principles

B. Acousto-Optic Modulators

Example 6.8.1?AO Modulator

6.9?Faraday Rotation and Optical Isolators?法拉第旋光效應和光隔離器

Example 6.9.1?Faraday rotation

6.10?Nonlinear Optics and Second Harmonic Generation

?? 非線性光學和二次諧波產生

Additional Topics選學專題

6.11?Jones Vectors?瓊斯矢量

Questions and Problems?習題

Appendices

Appendix A?Gaussian Distribution?高斯分布

Appendix B?Solid Angles?立體角

Appendix C?Basic Radiometry and Photometry?基本輻射度和光度學

Appendix D?Useful Mathematical Formulae?重要的數學公式

Appendix E?Notation and Abbreviations?部分定義與基本公式

Index

光電子學與光子學——原理與實踐（第二版）（英文版）

基本介紹

內容簡介

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