何舜平，1962年12月2日出生，法國國家自然歷史博物館理學博士，2002年國家傑出青年基金獲得者、中國科學院水生生物標本館館長、中國科學院水生生物多樣性與保護重點實驗室主任、魚類系統發育與生物地理學學科組責任研究員。中國動物學會理事，湖北省暨武漢動物學會理事長。湖北省科協第六屆委員；任《中國動物志》編委，以及《生物多樣性》，《動物學研究》，《套用與環境生物學報》和《水生生物學報》編委。先後主持和承擔歐盟項目、國家傑出青年基金、國家自然科學重點基金、國家自然科學青年基金、國家863項目和973專題。並任中國科學院創新方向性和前沿項目首席科學家。得到美國NSF有關生命之樹項目的資助開展鯉形目系統發育研究。研究工作運用了生物技術、網路和數位化技術相結合的手段，使魚類系統學和生物地理學這一進化生物學的前沿學科達到了較高的水平。使用多個基因序列數據重建鯉科和鮎形目魚類的系統(Zhao, Duan et al. 2009; Fu, Chen et al. 2010; Chen, Zou et al. 2011; Fu and He 2012; Zou, Guo et al. 2012; Yang, Zou et al. 2013; Yang and He 2014)發育過程、提出了鯉科魚類系統發育新的模式，保持了對鯉形目魚類系統學研究在世界上的主導地位。最近，更得到中國科學院戰略性先導科技專項項目的資助，這對了解青藏高原和深海，這兩個極端環境的魚類的基因組及其適應進化，有重要意義。所在學科組在選題、使用的理論和方法上都達到國際先進水平並直接參與國際競爭。尤其是在輻鰭魚類的轉錄組、基因組、蛋白質組等組學水平的研究，達到國際先進水平。目前，已完成的有鰱魚、鱅魚的全基因組，正在進行中的有塞內加爾多鰭魚、似鯰高原鰍、小眼高原鰍和黑斑原鮡全基因組。成功組裝、注釋了鰱、鱅魚的轉錄組和全基因組，找到鰱魚的鰱魚可以在水體中大量濾食有毒藍藻而不被MC所毒害的原因，可能與鰱魚體內的GSH合成通路中某些基因在進化過程中受到了正向選擇有關，使其適應這種有毒的環境。塞內加爾多鰭魚，是淡水硬骨魚類的原始類型，是比較古老的輻鰭魚類。多鰭魚的全基因組測序工作對了解整個輻鰭魚類，甚至是四足類的進化有重要意義。而高原鰍和黑斑原鮡，這三種高原魚類的基因組，有助於對高原這一低氧、低溫、高海拔的極端環境的魚類適應性狀的解析。
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