人工濕地在污水處理和雨水管理中的套用

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Constructed wetlands（CWs）are engineered systems designed and constructed to utilize the natural functions of wetland vegetation，soil media，and their associated microbial associated assemblages for wastewater treatment within a more controlled environment. Because of their high pollutant removal efficiency，easy operation and maintenance，low cost，good potential for water and nutrient reuse，tolerance to high variability，and function as significant wildlife habitat，CWs have been recognized as a green treatment technology for sustainable wastewater management. To date，CWs have been widely used to treat various kinds of wastewater such as domestic sewage， agricultural wastewater， industrial effluent，mine drainage， landfill leachate，storm water，polluted river water，and urban runoff in the last few decades. Currendy，numerous studies have focused on the design，development，and performance of CWs. In treatment wetlands，the pollutant removal efficiency varies considerably. Such variability can be traced back to the complex combination of physical，chemical and biological processes for contaminant removal，This book investigated the removal performance of CWs for various pollutants，including not only conventional parameters(e.g.，organic matter，nutrients，and trace elements），but also emerging contaminants(e.g.，pharmaceutical contaminants， engineered nanoparticles and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs）etc.）from wastewater. A variety of removal processes and mechanisms in CWs，such as sedimentation，filtration，precipitation，volatilization，adsorption，plant uptake，and biodegradation，have been elucidated.Furthermore，the optimal operating parameters，such as water depth，hydraulic retention time and load，feeding mode and design of setups，have also been addressed. Other extemal environmental factors which may affect the removal efficiencies in CWs，such as temperatures，feeding strategies，availability of dissolved oxygen and organic carbon source，operation strategies，pH and redox conditions，have also been summarized. In addition，this book alsopresents the application of CWs for treating various pollutants in developing counties，in cold and tropical climates. Moreover，the methodology of assessing the hydrological performance and optimizing spatial allocation of low impact development（LID）practices on urban surface runoff management in response to climate change and urbanization has been shown in this book. Innovative future scenario modeling including simulating the potential impacts of extemal chronic stressors on urban hydrology contributes to the spatial decision-making of LID practices implemented such as CWs. Analysis，planning，and application of LID in different scale and scenarios for various hydrological objectives can be found in this book.

人工濕地在污水處理和雨水管理中的套用

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