內容簡介
To stimulate the enthusiasm and creativeness of scientists , to accelerate the development ofscience ,and to promote modernization construction in China, the Natural Science Prizes were es-tablished by the state , according to the“Regulations on National Natural Science Prizes of thePRC”.Since 1987 ,the Natural Science Prizes were awarded every two years and the Fifth NationalNatural Science Prizes were adjudicated in China in 1991. Fifty-three* Projects of excellent sci-entific achievements were awarded the prizes , which were nominated by the National Natural Sci-ence Award Committee and approved by the state Science and Technology Commission of thePeople's Republic of China. Among the 53 projects, 10(18. 9%)are in the second class, 31(58. 5%)in the third ,and 12(22. 6% )in the fourth. The ditribution of the projects in differentdisciplines is:3 are in mathematics,2 in astronomy ,2 in mechanics, 6 in physics,8 in chemistry ,10 in biology, 2 in medical science ,9 in earth science, 3 in material science , 3 in engineering sci-ence, and 5 in information science. Among the 215 laureates of the prizes,' 20 are Membres ofthe Chinese Academy of Sciences. There are 1 60 scientists with high professional posts, 98 pos-sess academic degrees higher than master. Among them, there are 77(35. 8%) persons in theages between 46-55,and 53 (24. 7%) young scientists under the age of 44. Women scientistswon 26(12%) of the prizes and minority nationality scientists won 4(1. 9%) of the prizes.Practice indicates that basic research and applied basic research are the foundation of scien-tific discovery, the backing of new technological invention, the foreranner of breakthtough inhigh technology and the cradle for training qualified scientists.The scientific achievements awarded the Fifth National Natural Science Prizes resulted fromthe sustained efforts and the courage in innovation of the Chinese scientists in their scientific re-search in the field of basic and applied basic research. The Chinese scientists have already madegreat contributions to the development of science and tochnology and the promotion of the nation-al construction of the country and are exerting every effott to scale new heights in science andtechnology, achieve quickly scientific successes and train more qualified scientists.