BASE jumper，指從事定點跳傘的專業或者業餘的跳傘運動員。
基本介紹
- 中文名：跳傘運動員
- 外文名：BASE jumper
- 所屬類型：極限運動
國內定點跳傘專業網站的站長是：魔法蟲蟲 http://www.basejumper.cn
國內優秀的定點跳傘運動員有 石春燕 丁建平等
什麼是B.A.S.E 定點跳傘？
定點跳傘運功是指從固定高處用降落傘跳下的極限運動， “定點”BASE是四種跳傘環境的首字母縮寫：
摩天大樓（Building）
天線高塔 (Antenna)
大橋水壩 (Span)
懸崖溶洞 (Earth)
“定點”跳傘的發明者是電影製造商Carl Boenish ，他的妻子 Jean Boenish，Phil Smith, 和 Phil Mayfield。Carl是現代基地跳傘運動的真正的推動者，並在1978年拍攝了第一部關於基地跳傘的影片（在erukyapitan ，優勝美地國家公園），當時使用衝壓式氣動降落傘和freefall跟蹤技術。基地跳傘顯然比從飛機上跳傘更加危險，目前許多人認為，基地跳傘只是作為一種極限運動或特技。
從以上四類跳傘環境中至少成功跳傘一次的人將獲得相應的數字證書，1981年1月18日當菲爾史密斯和菲爾梅菲爾德跳一起從休斯敦的摩天大樓跳下，他們成為第一個從摩天大樓，天線高塔，大橋水壩，懸崖溶洞均成功跳下並且獲得基地跳傘編號的人（基地# 1和2號），在Jean和Carl boenish分別獲得3和4號證書款後不久。一個單獨的“獎”頒發給完成夜間跳傘的人們，梅菲爾德在夜間完成四類跳傘，成為夜間基地跳傘第一號# 1 ，數星期後史密斯也獲得該證書。
在八十年代初，幾乎所有的基地跳傘都使用標準的skydiving跳傘裝備，其中包括兩個降落傘（主要和後備） ，和部署組件。稍後，人們開發設計了基地跳傘專用的跳傘設備。
英文解釋
BASE jumping is a sport involving the use of a parachute or the sequenced use of a wingsuit and parachute to jump from fixed objects--with the parachute unopened at the jump (else see paragliding). "BASE" is an apronym that stands for the four categories of fixed objects from which one can jump:
Building
Antenna
Span
Earth
The acronym "BASE" was coined by film-maker Carl Boenish, his wife Jean Boenish, Phil Smith, and Phil Mayfield. Carl was the real catalyst behind modern BASE jumping, and in 1978 filmed the first BASE jumps (from El Capitan, in Yosemite National Park) to be made using ram-air parachutes and the freefall tracking technique. While BASE jumps had been made prior to that time, the El Capitan activity was the effective birth of what is now called BASE jumping. BASE jumping is significantly more dangerous than similar sports such as skydiving from aircraft, and is currently regarded by many as a fringe extreme sport or stunt.
BASE numbers are awarded to those who have made at least one jump from each of the four categories. When Phil Smith and Phil Mayfield jumped together from a Houston skyscraper on January 18th, 1981, they became the first to attain the exclusive BASE numbers (BASE #1 and #2, respectively), having already jumped from antennae, spans, and earthen objects. Jean and Carl Boenish qualified for BASE numbers 3 and 4 soon after. A separate "award" was soon enacted for Night BASE jumping when Mayfield completed each category at night, becoming Night BASE #1, with Smith qualifying a few weeks later.
During the early eighties, nearly all BASE jumps were made using standard skydiving equipment, including two parachutes (main and reserve), and deployment components. Later on, specialized equipment and techniques were developed that were designed specifically for the unique needs of BASE jumping.
