一般情況下,輻射傳輸方程無法得到解析解,因此該理論也發展了多種近似理論和數值算法,分為級數展開,離散求解,隨機模型三類,分別以漫射近似理論、Kubelka-Munk理論和Beer-Lambert定律、蒙特卡羅方法和隨機遊走理論為代表。上述方法都是在給定初始值和特定邊界條件基礎上建立起來得,因此都有特定的適用條件。這裡,我們簡單介紹其中兩種方法,蒙特卡羅模擬(Monte Carlo simulation)和Kubelka-Munk理論。
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