基本介紹
- 中文名：蓋丘亞語
- 外文名：Quechua
- 性質：美洲土著語系
- 套用地區：南美洲安第斯山脈一帶
特點,使用區域,生活用語,數詞,
特點
蓋丘亞語（西班牙語、英語Quechua）（蓋丘亞語Qhichwa shimi / Runa Shimi）是南美洲原住民的語言。克丘亞語對自己的語言稱呼為Runa Simi，runa意為“人”，simi意為“語”。
蓋丘亞語有許多“方言”，有時被看成彼此相關但獨立的語言，情況有點類似漢語。克丘亞語的各“方言”（或是獨立但彼此相關的語言）自成一個語系——蓋丘亞語系（Quechuan languages）。這些語言分布在阿根廷、玻利維亞、巴西、智利、哥倫比亞、厄瓜多、秘魯等地方。
使用區域
蓋丘亞語在玻利維亞有等同西班牙語及艾瑪拉語的全國性官方語言的地位，根據SIL的資料，在玻利維亞有官方地位的克丘亞語為北玻利維亞克丘亞語（North Bolivian Quechua）（1978年有116,483人）與南玻利維亞克丘亞語（South Bolivian Quechua）（1987年有3,637,500人）。另外克丘亞語在秘魯、哥倫比亞及厄瓜多的一些地區有地方性的官方語言的地位。以各種克丘亞語為第一語言的使用人口總計有960萬人，使用各種克丘亞語的人口總計有1400萬人。
生活用語
| 英語 | 蓋丘亞語 |
|---|---|
Welcome | Haykuykuy! |
Hello | Rimaykullayki |
How are you? Fine, and you? | ¿Allillanchu? |
Allillanmi. ¿Qamrí? | |
What's your name? My name is ... | ¿Imataq sutiyki? |
X Sutiymi ... | |
Where are you from? I'm from ... | ¿Maymantataq kanki taytay? |
...manta kani | |
Pleased to meet you | Anchatam kusikusani riqsisuspayki |
Good morning | Wuynus diyas |
Good afternoon | Wuynas tardis |
Good evening | Wuynas nuchis |
Good night | Allin tuta |
Goodbye | Tutañam, ripusaq |
Good luck | Hina kachun! |
Cheers/Good health! | Khali kaq kachun! ¡Prosit! |
Have a nice day | Allin p'unchay kachun |
Bon appetit | Allin mikuna |
Bon voyage | Allin purina |
Do you understand? | ¿Intindinkichu? ¿Hapinkichu? |
I understand | Intindini |
I don't understand | Mana hapisanichu |
I don't know | Mana yachanichu |
Please speak more slowly | ¿Allichu, Allillamanta rimaykuwankimanchu? |
Please say that again | ¿Yapa chayta rimaykuwankimanchu |
Please write it down | Allichu qilqaykuway |
Do you speak English? | Inlista rimankichu? |
Do you speak Spanish? | Kastillanuta rimankichu? |
Do you speak Quechua? Yes, a little | ¿Runasimita rimankichu? |
Arí | |
How do you say ... in Quechua? | ¿Imaynataq munan chay runasimipi? |
Excuse me | Pampachaway |
How much is this? | ¿Hayk'ataq kay? |
Sorry | Pampachaykuway |
Please | Allichu |
Thank you Response | Solpayki |
Hinallatapas | |
Where's the toilet? | ¿Maypi bañu? |
This gentleman/lady will pay for everything | Kay wiracocha |
Would you like to dance with me? | ¿Tusuwankimanchu? |
I miss you | Munapakuyki, wañurikusani qamrayku |
I love you | Kuyayki |
Get well soon | Khali kaq kachun |
Go away! | Ripuy! |
Leave me alone! | Kapuwan kay! |
Help! | Yanapaway! |
Call the police! | Wardiyata waqyay! |
Merry Christmas and Happy New Year | Sumaq kausay kachun Navidad qampaq |
Happy Birthday | Kusikuy wata hunt'asqayki punchay |
One language is never enough | Huq simi mana askhachu yachanapaq / rimanapaq |
數詞
| 基數詞 | 序數詞 | |
|---|---|---|
0 | ch’usah, mana imapas | |
1 | uj | ñawpaq |
2 | iskay | iskay-ñaqen |
3 | kimsa | kimsa-ñaqen |
4 | tawa | tawa-ñaqen |
5 | phishqa | phishqa-ñaqen |
6 | suqta | suqta-ñaqen |
7 | qanchis | qanchis-ñaqen |
8 | pusaq | pusaq-ñaqen |
9 | isq'on | isq'on-ñaqen |
10 | chunka | chunka-ñaqen |
11 | chunka-huk-ni-yuq | |
12 | chunka-iskay-ni-yuq | |
13 | chunka-kimsa-yuq | |
14 | chunka-tawa-yuq | |
15 | chunka-phishqa-yuq | |
16 | chunka-suqta-yuq | |
17 | chunka-qanchis-ni-yuq | |
18 | chunka-pusaq-ni-yuq | |
19 | chunka-isq'on-ni-yuq | |
20 | iskay chunka | |
21 | iskay chunka huk-ni-yuq | |
22 | iskay chunka iskay-ni-yoq | |
23 | iskay chunka kimsa-yoq | |
24 | iskay chunka tawa-yoq | |
25 | iskay chunka phishqa-yoq | |
26 | iskay chunka suqta-yoq | |
27 | iskay chunka qanchis-ni-yoq | |
28 | iskay chunka pusaq-ni-yoq | |
29 | iskay chunka isq'on-ni-yoq | |
30 | kimsa chunka | |
31 | kimsa chunka huk-ni-yoq | |
32 | kimsa chunka iskay-ni-yoq | |
33 | kimsa chunka kimsa-yoq | |
34 | kimsa chunka tawa-yoq | |
35 | kimsa chunka phishqa-yoq | |
36 | kimsa chunka suqta-yoq | |
37 | kimsa chunka qanchis-ni-yoq | |
38 | kimsa chunka pusaq-ni-yoq | |
39 | kimsa chunka isq'on-ni-yoq | |
40 | tawa chunka | |
50 | phishqa chunka | |
60 | suqta chunka | |
70 | qanchis chunka | |
80 | pusaq chunka | |
90 | isq'on chunka | |
100 | pachaq | |
120 | pachaq iskay-chunka-yuq | |
200 | iskay pachaq | |
300 | kimsa pachaq | |
1,000 | waranqa | |
2,000 | iskay waranqa | |
1,000,000 | hunu |
