英漢互譯實踐與技巧（第二版）

《英漢互譯實踐與技巧（第二版）》是2004年10月清華大學出版社出版的圖書，作者是許建平。

基本介紹

• 書名：英漢互譯實踐與技巧（第二版）
• 作者：許建平 
• ISBN：9787302071907
• 定價：38元
• 出版社：清華大學出版社
• 出版時間：2004年10月 
• 裝幀：平裝
• 印次：2-8

圖書簡介

本書是為非英語專業的大學生及研究生而編寫的英漢互譯教程。其主要內容有：翻譯的基本知識及原則；常用翻譯方法技巧；實用英語互譯訓練和指導，以及各類文體英漢互譯獨立練習。每單元均配有針對性練習，並附以及注釋和答案，以便自學。本書亦可供有志於翻譯研究並具有中等以上英語水平者自學使用。

作者簡介

許建平，生於1954年，英語碩士。 長期從事研究生英語教學和翻譯研究，在翻譯教學、翻譯實踐、翻譯理論探討、翻譯批評、語篇語境分析、機器翻譯研究等方面取得了一定的成績。 先後翻譯出版了《欲望的幻滅》、《838航班之謎》等英美長短篇小說數十萬字。

圖書目錄

Unit 1Introduction: Translation and Translation Techniques

概論：翻譯與翻譯技巧 1

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述1

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練2

I. Important Role of Translation 翻譯的重要作用4

II. Nature and Scope of Translation 翻譯的性質和範圍6

III. Principles or Criteria of Translation 翻譯的原則和標準7

IV. Literal Translation and Free Translation 直譯與意譯8

V. Translation Techniques 翻譯技巧種種12

Reflections and Practice 思考與練習13

Unit 2Diction遣詞用字17

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述17

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練18

I. Correspondence between English and Chinese at Word

Level 英漢詞字層次上的對等關係22

1. WordforWord Correspondence 詞字對等22

2. One Word with Multiple Equivalents of the Same

Meaning多詞同義22

3. One Word with Several Equivalents of Different

Meanings一詞多義22

4. Equivalents Interwoven with One Another詞義交織23

5. Words without Equivalents無對等詞語23

II. Methods of Discriminating the Original Meaning of an

English Word英語詞義辨析法 24

1. Judging from the Word Formation

根據構詞法辨別詞義24

2. Judging from the References

根據指代關係辨別詞義24

3. Judging from the Context and Collocation

根據上下文或詞的搭配辨別詞義25

4. Judging from Different Branches of Learning and

Specialties根據不同學科或專業類型辨別詞義26

III. Techniques of Translating a Given English Word

英語詞語翻譯技巧27

1. Deduction推演法27

2. Transplant移植法27

3. Extension引伸法28

4. Substitution替代法28

5. Explanation釋義法28

6. Combination合併法28

7. Transliteration音譯法29

8. Pictographic Translation圖形法29

IV. Diction in ChineseEnglish Translation

漢譯英的選詞用字29

Reflections and Practice思考與練習31

英漢互譯實踐與技巧（第二版）目錄Unit 3Amplification增詞法35

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述35

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練36

I. Amplification in EnglishChinese Translation

增詞法在英漢翻譯中的運用40

1. Amplification by Supplying Words Omitted in the Original

增添原文所省略的詞語40

2. Amplification by Supplying Necessary Connectives

增添必要的連線詞語40

3. Amplification by Supplying Words to Convey the Concept

of Plurality用增詞法表達出複數概念40

4. Amplification by Supplying Words to Make an Abstract

Concept Clear用增詞法把抽象概念表達清楚41

5. Amplification by Logical Thinking 邏輯性增詞41

6. Amplification by Supplying Words of Generalization

概括性增詞 41

7. Amplification for Purposes of Rhetoric or Coherence

從修辭和連貫角度考慮增詞 42

8. Amplification by Repetition重複性增詞42

II. Amplification in ChineseEnglish Translation

增詞法在漢英翻譯中的運用42

1. Adding Necessary Pronouns

增添必要的代詞42

2. Adding Necessary Articles

增添必要的冠詞43

3. Adding Necessary Connectives

增添必要的連線詞語43

4. Adding Necessary Prepositions

增添必要的介詞43

5. Adding Necessary Background Words

增添必要的背景詞語43

Reflections and Practice思考與練習44

Unit 4Omission省略法47

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述47

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練48

I. Omission in EnglishChinese Translation

省略法在英漢翻譯中的運用51

1. Omitting the Pronoun 代詞的省略51

2. Omitting the Article 冠詞的省略52

3. Omitting the Preposition 介詞的省略52

4. Omitting the Conjunction 連詞的省略52

5. Omitting the Verb 動詞的省略53

6. Omitting the Impersonal Pronoun “It”

非人稱代詞“It”的省略53

II. Omission in ChineseEnglish Translation

省略法在漢英翻譯中的運用53

1. Omitting Redundant Words 省略冗詞贅語54

2. Omitting Words of Conceptual Category

省略概念範疇類詞語54

3. Omitting Meticulous Description

省略過詳的細節描述54

Reflections and Practice思考與練習55

Unit 5Conversion轉換59

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述59

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練60

I. Conversion in EnglishChinese Translation

英譯漢的常用詞類轉換形式62

1. Converting into Verbs轉換成動詞63

2. Converting into Nouns轉換成名詞64

3. Converting into Adjectives轉換成形容詞65

4. Converting into Adverbs轉換成副詞66

5. Conversion of Sentence Elements句子成分的轉換66

II. Conversion in ChineseEnglish Translation

漢譯英的詞類轉換67

1. Converting Verbs into Other Parts of Speech

漢語動詞轉換成其他詞類67

2. Conversion between Other Parts of Speech

其他詞類的相互轉換68

Reflections and Practice思考與練習69

Unit 6Restructuring結構調整73

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述73

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練74

I. Different Word Order in English and Chinese

英漢語言的詞序差異77

1. Interrogative inversion疑問倒裝78

2. Imperative inversion命令倒裝78

3. Exclamatory inversion驚嘆倒裝78

4. Hypothetical inversion假設倒裝78

5. Balance inversion平衡倒裝78

6. Link inversion銜接倒裝78

7. Signpost inversion點題倒裝78

8. Negative inversion否定倒裝79

9. Metrical inversion韻律倒裝79

II. Restructuring in EnglishChinese Translation

英漢翻譯中的結構調整79

1. Different Sequences in Customary Word Combinations

不同的詞語習慣表達順序 79

2. Different Sequences in Customary Sentence Arrangement

不同的句式安排順序80

3. Adverbial Clauses in a Complex Sentence

複合句中的狀語從句80

4. Cases Involving Adverbials 狀語的詞序調整80

5. “That”Clause Used as a Judgment or Conclusion

作為判斷或結論的“That”從句的結構調整81

III. Restructuring in ChineseEnglish Translation

漢英翻譯中的結構調整81

Reflections and Practice思考與練習82

Unit 7The Passive Voice被動語態85

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述85

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練86

I. The Passive Voice in EnglishChinese Translation

英漢翻譯中的被動語態90

1. Converting the Passive Voice into the Active Voice

被動語態轉為主動語態90

2. Converting the Passive Structure into a Subjectless

Sentence 被動語態轉為無主句91

3. Keeping the Passive Structure Unchanged

被動語態保持不變91

4. Replacing the Passive Voice Replaced by Other Structures

被動語態用其他結構代替92

II. The Passive Structures in ChineseEnglish Translation

漢英翻譯中的被動結構92

1. Chinese Sentences with Passive Labels

帶有被動標籤的漢語句子93

2. Chinese Sentences without Passive Labels

不帶被動標籤的漢語句子93

3. Converting Chinese “Active” Structures into English Passive

Structures漢語“主動”結構轉為英語被動結構94

4. Translation of Some Idiomatic Chinese Expressions

一些漢語習慣表達法的譯法94

Reflections and Practice思考與練習95

Unit 8Affirmative vs. Negative肯定與否定99

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述99

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練100

I. Negation in EnglishChinese Translation

英漢翻譯中的正反交替103

1. Affirmative in English, but Negative in Chinese

英語為肯定式，漢語譯作否定式103

2. Negative in English, but Affirmative in Chinese

英語為否定式，漢語譯作肯定式104

3. Same English Word, with Either Affirmative or

Negative Equivalents in Chinese 同一英語詞語，

既可譯作肯定，又可譯作否定105

4. Double Negative for Emphasis強調性的雙重否定105

5. Roundabout Affirmative 間接的肯定結構105

6. Some Traps in Negative Structures 否定的陷阱106

II. Negation in ChineseEnglish Translation

漢英翻譯中的正反交替107

1. Negation According to Usage

根據英語的習慣用法譯作肯定或否定107

2. Negation for Emphasis or Rhetorical Effect

從強調或從修辭角度考慮譯作肯定或否定108

3. Negation to Convey Exactly the Original Meaning

為表達出原文的確切意思譯作肯定或否定108

Reflections and Practice思考與練習108

Unit 9Nominal Clauses名詞性從句113

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述113

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練114

I. Translation of English Nominal Clauses

英語名詞性從句的翻譯117

1. Subject Clauses主語從句117

2. Object Clauses賓語從句117

3. Predicative Clauses表語從句118

4. Appositive Clauses同位語從句118

II. Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences

漢語複句的翻譯120

1. Sentence Combination句子的合併120

2. Sentence Sequence 句序121

Reflections and Practice思考與練習122

Unit 10Attributive Clauses定語從句127

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述127

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練128

I. A Comparative Study of English and Chinese Attributive

Structures英漢定語結構的對比131

II. Restrictive Attributive Clauses限定性定語從句132

1. Combination合併法132

2. Division分譯法133

3. Mixture混合法133

III. NonRestrictive Attributive Clauses

非限定性定語從句134

1. Division分譯法134

2. Combination合併法135

IV. Attributive Clauses Functioning as Adverbials

兼有狀語功能的定語從句 136

1. Translating into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of

Cause譯作漢語原因狀語從句136

2. Translating into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of

Result譯作漢語結果狀語從句137

3. Translating into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of

Concession譯作漢語讓步狀語從句137

4. Translating into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of

Conditiion譯作漢語條件狀語從句137

5. Translating into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of

Purpose譯作漢語目的狀語從句138

Reflections and Practice思考與練習138

XII英漢互譯實踐與技巧（第二版）目錄XIIIUnit 11Adverbial Clauses狀語從句143

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述143

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練144

I. Adverbial Clauses in English\|Chinese Translation

英語狀語從句的翻譯146

1. Adverbial Clauses of Time 時間狀語從句147

2. Adverbial Clauses of Place 地點狀語從句148

3. Adverbial Clauses of Cause 原因狀語從句148

4. Adverbial Clauses of Condition條件狀語從句149

5. Adverbial Clauses of Concession 讓步狀語從句149

6. Adverbial Clauses of Purpose 目的狀語從句150

II. Translation of Adverbial Clauses in Chinese

漢語狀語從句的翻譯150

1. Analysis of Subordination分清主次關係150

2. Using Inanimate Subjects 使用無靈主語151

Reflections and Practice思考與練習151

Unit 12Long Sentences長句的翻譯155

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述155

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練156

I. Long Sentences in EnglishChinese Translation

英漢翻譯中的長句處理158

1. Two Stages and Five Steps in Translating a Long

Sentence長句翻譯的兩個階段和五個步驟159

2. Sample Analysis實例分析159

II. Long Sentences in ChineseEnglish Translation

漢英翻譯中的長句處理 161

III. Methods of Translating Long English Sentences

英文長句的翻譯方法163

1. Embedding內嵌法163

2. Cutting切分法164

3. Reversing倒置法165

4. Splitting拆分法165

5. Inserting插入法166

6. Recasting重組法167

Reflections and Practice思考與練習168

Unit 13English for Science and Technology

科技英語的翻譯173

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述173

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練174

I. Formation of English Technical Terms

英語技術詞語的構成177

1. Affixation綴合法177

2. Compounding複合法178

3. Blending縮合法178

4. Acronym首字母縮略179

5. Proper Nouns專有名詞180

英漢互譯實踐與技巧（第二版）目錄II. Characteristic Syntax of EST科技英語的句法特點180

1. More Long and Complicated Sentences

大量使用長句180

2. More Nominalization大量使用名詞化結構181

3. Extensive Use of the Passive Voice

習慣使用被動語態182

4. More NonFinite Forms of the Verb

大量使用非限定動詞183

5. Different Uses of the Tense時態的不同用法183

6. The Post\|Position of the Attributive

習慣使用後置定語183

III. Methods Employed in the Translation of EST

科技英語的翻譯方法184

1. Expanding the Noun Phrase into a Separate Clause

將名詞性短語擴展成漢語句子184

2. Converting the Noun Phrase into a VerbObject

Structure將名詞性短語轉換成動賓結構184

3. Converting Attributive Elements into Independent

Sentences, Adverbial Clauses, etc. 將定語成分

轉換為獨立句、狀語從句等185

4. Converting the Passive into the Active

將被動轉換為主動185

5. Supplementing Some Necessary Words

補充必要的詞語185

Reflections and Practice思考與練習186

Unit 14Translation of Documentation文獻的翻譯189

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述189

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練190

I. Translation of Contracts and Agreements

契約與協定的翻譯193

II. Translation of Proposals, Reports and Reviews

建議、報告與評論的翻譯195

III. Translation of Patents and Trademarks

專利與商標的翻譯198

IV. Translation of Copyright Documents

著作權文獻的翻譯199

V. Translation of BidDocuments招標文獻的翻譯200

VI. Translation of Abstracts, Indexes and Bibliographies

摘要、索引與文獻目錄的翻譯202

Reflections and Practice思考與練習206

Unit 15Application Documents for Studying Abroad

出國留學申請的翻譯211

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述211

Practical Translation Training 實用翻譯訓練212

I. Asking for Application Forms for Admission

索要入學申請表213

II. Graduation Certification畢業證明的翻譯214

III. Resume and Covering Letter個人簡歷及附信的翻譯215

IV. Letters of Recommendation推薦信的翻譯219

V. Personal Statement自我陳述的翻譯220

Reflections and Practice思考與練習224

Unit 16Comprehensive Abilities through Comparative Studies

通過比較研究培養翻譯綜合能力229

Highlights of the Unit 單元要點概述229

I. Comparative Studies of English and Chinese Languages

from a Macroscopic View Point 英漢語言巨觀對比230

1. Synthetic vs. Analytic 綜合性語與分析性語 230

2. Compact vs. Diffusive 緊湊與鬆散231

3. Hypotactic vs. Paratactic 形合與意合 231

4. Complex vs. Simplex 繁複與簡單232

5. Impersonal vs. Personal 物稱與人稱 232

6. Passive vs. Active被動與主動233

7. Static vs. Dynamic 靜態與動態 233

8. Abstract vs. Concrete 抽象與具體233

9. Indirect vs. Direct 間接與直接 234

10. Substitutive vs. Repetitive 替換與重複234

II. Practical Abilities Attained from Translation Studies and

Criticism通過比較研究和翻譯批評提高實際能力234

1. Language Sensibility語感能力235

2. Contextual Analysis語境分析能力237

3. Logical Thinking邏輯思維能力239

Reflections and Practice思考與練習242

Appendix ATranslation Exercises for Independent Work

英漢互譯獨立作業練習247Appendix BKeys to Practical Translation Training and

Exercises實用翻譯訓練及練習參考答案273Appendix CKeys to Translation Exercises for Independent

Work英漢互譯獨立作業練習參考譯文331Appendix DBibliography 參考書目357