肺炎雙球菌轉化實驗是1944年美國科學家艾弗里等人做的肺炎雙球菌轉化實驗。
基本介紹
- 中文名：肺炎雙球菌轉化實驗
- 實驗時間：1944年
實驗簡介
1944年，美國科學家艾弗里等人.從光滑型肺炎球菌（有莢膜、有毒性、菌落光滑、稱S型）中提取DNA、蛋白質和多糖物質，並分別與粗糙型肺炎雙球菌（無莢膜、無毒性、菌落粗糙、稱R型）一起培養，發現只有DNA能使一部分粗糙型細菌，轉變為光滑型，而且轉化的頻率與DNA的純度有關，DNA越純轉化率越高.若將DNA事先用脫氧核糖核酸酶降解，再和粗糙型肺炎雙球菌一起培養，粗糙型菌就不能轉化成光滑型菌.已經轉化的細菌，所獲得的光滑型性狀可以遺傳給後代.這一實驗充分說明了，DNA是起轉化作用的遺傳物質.In 1944, U.S. scientists Avery, among others. From the smooth, pneumococcus (withcapsule, toxic, smooth colonies, called S-type), the extractedDNA, proteins and sugars, respectively, with the rough-type Streptococcus pneumoniae ( No capsule, non-toxic, rough colonies, calledR-type) with the training, found that only part of rough-type bacterial DNA can be transformed into a smooth-type, and the transformation frequency and purity of DNA related to, DNA greater net conversion rate. Ruoqiang deoxyribonuclease degradation of DNA prior to use, and then get together with rough-type pneumococcus culture, rough-type bacteria can not be transformed into a smooth-type bacteria. has been transformed bacteria, which can be obtained by smooth-type traits to their offspring. This experiment fully illustrated, DNA is a transformational role of the genetic material.
