《看就業 選專業——報好高考志願（2022年版）》是清華大學出版社2022年3月出版的圖書，作者是麥可思研究院。
基本介紹
- 中文名：看就業 選專業——報好高考志願（2022年版）
- 作者：麥可思研究院
- 出版時間：2022年3月
- 出版社：清華大學出版社
- 頁數：244 頁
- ISBN：9787302602309
- 定價：68 元
- 開本：16 開
- 裝幀：平裝
內容簡介,圖書目錄,作者簡介,
內容簡介
在高考分數允許的範圍內，有很多大學和專業可供考生選擇，但分數提供的只是“選擇邊界”，而不是“上優解”。當前的就業壓力下，上大學也不再意味著就有好工作，甚至所謂的名牌大學也不再是順利就業的保障。“考得好不如報得好”已愈來愈成為考生和家長的共識。在高考志願填報這場“信息與智力的競賽”中，學生、家長和老師往往缺乏了解大學各專業就業情況的渠道，必須藉助專業、全面、公正的第三方關鍵信息。
本書基於國際先進調查系統，由麥可思公司第一手就業數據編寫而成，是給高考生、家長和教師的實用型志願填報工具。本書調查數據覆蓋了401個本科專業，本科畢業生從事的582個職業、330個行業；582個高職專業，高職畢業生從事的554個職業，332個行業。 從職業規劃的基點出發，通過大量表格為讀者提供了科學、細緻的本科和高職高專專業就業信息，為讀者推薦就業前景較好的專業和職業。詳讀本書，高考填報志願的決策問題即可迎刃而解。
圖書目錄
第1章
為什麼需要這樣一本書
1.1 考得好不如報得好 ········································································2
1.2 怎樣報贏高考 ··············································································6
1.2.1 選大學，不要迷信大學綜合排名 ························································7
1.2.2 根據職業規劃選專業 ·······································································8
1.2.3 基於就業信息確定就業目標 ····························································12
1.3 內容導航 ···················································································15
第2章
專業“就業詳單”
2.1 專業就業情況概覽 ·······································································19
2.2 專業“紅黃綠牌” ·······································································32
2.2.1 哪些專業的就業堪憂 ·····································································33
2.2.2 哪些專業有就業前景 ·····································································37
VIII
看就業 選專業——報好高考志願(2022年版)
2.3 從“畢業後做什麼”看專業 ···························································42
2.3.1 各專業畢業生從事的職業 ·······························································43
2.3.2 各專業畢業生進入的行業 ·······························································60
第3章
從就業薪資高低選專業
3.1 院校收入分析 ·············································································78
3.2 地方收入分析 ·············································································82
3.2.1 經濟區域就業的月收入變化趨勢 ······················································83
3.2.2 不同城市類型的月收入差異 ····························································85
3.3 各專業的收入分析 ·······································································89
第4章
從職業規劃入手選專業
4.1 你適合什麼職業 ········································································109
4.2 揭開職業的神秘面紗 ···································································115
4.3 從高薪職業看專業 ·····································································145
4.4 行業需求、薪資速查 ··································································150
第5章
另類思路選專業
5.1 男/女生都有就業優勢的專業 ························································160
5.2 從工作相關度高低選專業 ····························································168
5.3 從職業期待吻合度高低選專業 ······················································171
5.4 從就業滿意度高低選專業 ····························································173
IX
目 錄
5.5 專升本、讀研、留學比例高的專業 ················································175
5.6 自主創業比例高的專業 ·······························································188
5.7 離職率高的專業 ········································································197
第6章
疫情影響下的高考志願填報
6.1 疫情對不同行業就業的影響 ·························································201
6.1.1 服務性產業受衝擊較大 ·································································201
6.1.2 政策性崗位對“穩就業”“保就業”起到重要作用 ·····························203
6.1.3 剛需產業是保障就業的“穩定器” ··················································204
6.1.4 新興崗位成為製造業中需求增長亮點 ···············································205
6.2 疫情對升學、考公的影響 ····························································207
6.3 鄉村振興戰略下涉農人才需求增加 ················································208
第7章
填報高考志願時常見問題的解答
7.1 如何填報高考志願 ·····································································213
問題1：填報志願時應考慮哪些因素··························································213
問題2：在志願填報之前應該了解哪些信息？如何了解 ·································213
問題3：在填報志願時，選專業和選學校哪個更重要 ····································214
問題4：在選擇專業時，是否應以未來收入為標桿········································214
7.2 專業選擇和職業規劃 ··································································214
問題1：性格比較內向和外向的人，選什麼專業比較合適 ······························214
問題2：新的熱門專業是否代表未來也是熱門職業呢 ····································214
問題3：不少新專業是由原來的專科提升演變而來的，這些專業成為本科專業後，
教學基礎是否牢靠······································································215
問題4：如何判斷“熱門”專業是否適合自己··············································215
問題5：收費高的專業就一定好嗎，好專業就一定收費高嗎 ···························215
附 錄
大學生最有可能從事的常見職業列表
圖表目錄
圖1-1 2021年度本科畢業生讀研轉換專業的比例 ······················································10
圖1-2 2021年度本科畢業生讀研的主要動機 ····························································10
圖1-3 2021年度高職畢業生讀本科的原因 ································································11
圖1-4 全書內容導圖···························································································16
表2-1 麥可思2021年度本科專業門類的各項就業指標 ················································21
表2-2 麥可思2021年度本科各主要專業的就業指標 ···················································22
表2-3 麥可思2021年度高職專業大類的各項就業指標 ················································27
表2-4 麥可思2021年度高職各主要專業的就業指標 ···················································28
表2-5 麥可思2021年“紅黃綠牌”本科專業名單 ······················································33
表2-6 麥可思2021年“紅黃綠牌”高職專業名單 ······················································33
表2-7 麥可思2021年度就業率較低的本科和高職專業(前10位) ·····································34
表2-8 麥可思2021年度畢業生規模較大的本科和高職專業中
就業率較低的專業(前10位) ··········································································34
表2-9 麥可思2021年度平均月收入較低的本科和高職專業(前10位) ·······························35
表2-10 麥可思2021年度畢業生規模較大的本科和高職專業中
收入較低的本科和高職專業(前10位) ····························································36
表2-11 麥可思2021年度就業率較高的本科和高職專業(前50位) ····································37
表2-12 麥可思2021年度畢業生規模較大的本科和高職專業中
就業率較高的專業(前10位) ········································································40
表2-13 麥可思2021年度畢業三年內畢業生職位晉升比例較高的
主要本科專業類和高職專業類(前10位) ·························································41
XII
看就業 選專業——報好高考志願(2022年版)
表2-14 麥可思2021年度畢業三年內畢業生職位晉升次數較高的
主要本科專業類和高職專業類(前10位) ·························································41
表2-15 麥可思2021年度本科各主要專業的畢業生畢業半年後的職業流向(前3位) ·············43
表2-16 麥可思2021年度高職各主要專業的畢業生畢業半年後的職業流向(前3位) ·············52
表2-17 麥可思2021年度本科各主要專業的畢業生畢業半年後的行業流向(前3位) ·············61
表2-18 麥可思2021年度高職各主要專業的畢業生畢業半年後的行業流向(前3位) ·············69
圖3-1 2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後的月收入 ······················································79
圖3-2 2021年度各類本科院校畢業生畢業半年後的月收入 ··········································79
圖3-3 2021年度本科畢業生畢業三年後的月收入與漲幅(與2017屆半年後對比) ················80
圖3-4 2021年度本科畢業生畢業五年後的月收入與漲幅(與2015屆半年後、三年後對比) ····80
圖3-5 2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後的月收入 ······················································81
圖3-6 2021年度各類高職院校畢業生畢業半年後的月收入 ··········································81
圖3-7 2021年度高職畢業生畢業三年後的月收入與漲幅(與2017屆半年後對比) ················82
圖3-8 2021年度高職畢業生畢業五年後的月收入與漲幅(與2015屆半年後對比) ················82
表3-1 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後在各經濟區域就業的月收入 ·····················83
表3-2 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後在各經濟區域就業的月收入 ·····················83
表3-3 麥可思2021年度(2017屆)本科畢業生畢業三年後在各經濟區域就業的
月收入與漲幅···························································································84
表3-4 麥可思2021年度(2017屆)高職畢業生畢業三年後在各經濟區域就業的
月收入與漲幅···························································································84
圖3-9 2021年度本科畢業生在一線、新一線城市就業的比例變化趨勢 ···························85
圖3-10 2021年度高職畢業生在一線、新一線城市就業的比例變化趨勢 ··························86
圖3-11 2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後在一線、新一線城市的就業滿意度 ····················86
圖3-12 2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後在一線、新一線城市的就業滿意度變化趨勢 ········87
圖3-13 2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後在一線、新一線城市就業的月收入 ····················87
圖3-14 2021年度(2017屆)本科畢業生畢業三年後在一線、新一線城市就業的
月收入與漲幅 ·························································································88
圖3-15 2021年度(2015屆)本科畢業生畢業五年後在一線、新一線城市就業的月收入與漲幅
(與2015屆半年後、三年後對比) ··································································88
圖3-16 2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後在一線、新一線城市就業的月收入 ····················89
圖3-17 2021年度高職畢業生畢業三年後在一線、新一線城市就業的月收入 ····················89
表3-5 麥可思2021年度本科各學科門類畢業半年後的月收入 ·······································90
表3-6 麥可思2021年度高職各專業大類畢業半年後的月收入 ·······································90
表3-7 麥可思2021年度(2017屆)本科各學科門類畢業三年後的月收入與漲幅 ···················91
表3-8 麥可思2021年度(2017屆)高職各專業大類畢業三年後的月收入與漲幅 ···················92
XIII
圖表目錄
表3-9 麥可思2021年度本科主要專業類畢業半年後的月收入 ·······································92
表3-10 麥可思2021年度高職主要專業類畢業半年後的月收入 ······································94
表3-11 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後月收入增長最快的
前十位專業類(與2018屆對比) ·······································································96
表3-12 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後月收入增長最快的
前十位專業類(與2018屆對比) ·······································································96
表3-13 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後月收入增長最慢的
前十位專業類(與2018屆對比) ·······································································97
表3-14 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後月收入增長最慢的
前十位專業類(與2018屆對比) ·····································································97
表3-15 麥可思2021年度(2017屆)本科主要專業類畢業三年後的月收入與漲幅 ··················98
表3-16 麥可思2021年度(2017屆)高職主要專業類畢業三年後的月收入與漲幅 ··················99
表3-17 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後月收入排前50位的主要專業 ···················101
表3-18 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後月收入排前50位的主要專業 ···················101
表4-1 研究型人格與適合的職業範圍 ····································································105
表4-2 研究型—計算機系統軟體工程技術人員的真實職業環境 ································106
表4-3 張亮所選擇的專業與對應的職業
(附：工作與專業相關度和畢業半年後的平均月收入) ·······································109
圖4-1 霍蘭德6種人格類型 ··················································································110
表4-4 6種人格類型與適合的職業範圍 ···································································113
表4-5 現實型—土木工程技術人員的真實職業環境一覽表 ······································116
表4-6 現實型—機械繪圖人員的真實職業環境一覽表 ············································119
表4-7 研究型—產品安全工程技術人員的真實職業環境一覽表 ································121
表4-8 藝術型—記者的真實職業環境一覽表 ························································124
表4-9 藝術型—室內設計師的真實職業環境一覽表 ···············································126
表4-10 社會型—法律職員的真實職業環境一覽表 ·················································129
表4-11 社會型—公關專員的真實職業環境一覽表 ·················································131
表4-12 企業型—個人理財顧問的真實職業環境一覽表 ···········································134
表4-13 企業型—人力資源經理的真實職業環境一覽表 ···········································137
表4-14 事務型—會計的真實職業環境一覽表 ·······················································140
表4-15 事務型—貨運代理的真實職業環境一覽表 ·················································142
表4-16 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生所從事的10個高薪職業及其對應專業
(附：工作與專業相關度和畢業半年後的平均月收入) ·····································145
表4-17 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生所從事的10個高薪職業及其對應專業
(附：工作與專業相關度和畢業半年後的平均月收入) ·····································147
表4-18 麥可思2021年度大學畢業生畢業半年後月收入較低的職業(前10位) ····················148
表4-19 麥可思2021年度大學畢業生從事的專業門檻較高的職業(前20位) ·······················148
表4-20 麥可思2021年度大學畢業生從事的專業門檻較低的職業(前20位) ·······················149
表4-21 麥可思2021年度本科高薪行業及其所對應的職業(前5位) ·································150
表4-22 麥可思2021年度高職高薪行業及其所對應的職業(前5位) ·································152
表4-23 麥可思2021年度本科需求量大的行業及其所對應的職業(前5位) ························154
表4-24 麥可思2021年度高職需求量大的行業及其所對應的職業(前5位) ························155
表5-1 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生薪資五星級 (★★★★★)
推薦本科專業榜(前20位)············································································160
表5-2 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生薪資五星級(★★★★★)
推薦高職專業榜(前20位)············································································161
表5-3 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生就業率五星級(★★★★★)
推薦本科專業榜(前20位)············································································162
表5-4 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生就業率五星級(★★★★★)
推薦高職專業榜(前20位)············································································163
表5-5 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生就業滿意度五星級(★★★★★)
推薦本科專業榜(前20位)············································································164
表5-6 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生就業滿意度五星級(★★★★★)
推薦高職專業榜(前20位)············································································165
表5-7 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生專業相關度五星級(★★★★★)
推薦本科專業榜(前20位)············································································166
表5-8 麥可思2021年度男/女性大學畢業生專業相關度五星級(★★★★★)
推薦高職專業榜(前20位)············································································167
表5-9 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生從事相關工作比例高的專業(前20位) ························169
表5-10 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生從事相關工作比例高的專業(前20位) ·······················169
表5-11 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生從事相關工作比例低的專業(前10位) ·······················171
表5-12 麥可思2021年度高職畢業生從事相關工作比例低的專業(前10位) ·······················171
表5-13 麥可思2021年度職業期待吻合度較高的主要本科專業(前10位) ··························172
表5-14 麥可思2021年度職業期待吻合度較高的主要高職專業(前10位) ··························172
表5-15 麥可思2021年度職業期待吻合度較低的主要本科專業(前10位) ··························172
表5-16 麥可思2021年度職業期待吻合度較低的主要高職專業(前10位) ··························173
表5-17 麥可思2021年度就業現狀滿意度較高的主要本科專業(前10位) ··························173
表5-18 麥可思2021年度就業現狀滿意度較高的主要高職專業(前10位) ··························174
表5-19 麥可思2021年度就業現狀滿意度較低的主要本科專業(前10位) ··························174
表5-20 麥可思2021年度就業現狀滿意度較低的主要高職專業(前10位) ··························175
圖5-1 2021年度高職畢業生讀本科的比例 ······························································176
圖5-2 2021年度各類高職院校畢業生讀本科的比例 ··················································176
表5-21 麥可思2021年度高職各專業大類讀本科的比例 ··············································177
表5-22 麥可思2021年度專升本比例高的高職專業排行榜(前20位) ································177
圖5-3 2021年度本科畢業生國內讀研的比例 ···························································178
圖5-4 2021年度(2017屆、2016屆)本科畢業生畢業半年後準備考研群體三年後的
學歷提升情況··························································································179
圖5-5 2021年度本科畢業生讀研轉換專業的比例 ·····················································179
表5-23 麥可思2021年度本科各學科門類讀研比例 ····················································180
表5-24 麥可思2021年度本科畢業生讀研的主要研究生專業類分布 ·······························180
表5-25 麥可思2021年度畢業即留在國內讀研比例高的本科專業排行榜(前20位) ··············182
表5-26 麥可思2021年度本科各學科門類讀研轉換專業比例 ········································182
圖5-6 2021年度本科畢業生留學的比例 ·································································183
表5-27 麥可思2021年度本科各學科門類留學比例 ····················································184
圖5-7 2021年度本科畢業生留學的主要專業類分布 ··················································184
表5-28 麥可思2021年度畢業即出國留學比例高的本科專業排行榜(前20位) ····················185
圖5-8 2021年度(2017屆)高職畢業生畢業三年後學歷提升人群和學歷未提升人群的
就業滿意度·····························································································186
圖5-9 2021年度(2017屆)高職畢業生畢業三年後學歷提升人群和學歷未提升人群的
月收入對比·····························································································186
圖5-10 2021年度(2015屆)本科畢業生畢業五年後學歷提升人群和學歷未提升人群的就業
滿意度對比 ···························································································187
圖5-11 2021年度(2015屆)本科畢業生畢業五年後學歷提升人群和學歷未提升人群的
月收入對比 ···························································································187
圖5-12 2021年度(2015屆)本科畢業生畢業半年後國內讀研與留學人群五年後就業的
用人單位類型對比 ··················································································188
圖5-13 2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後自主創業的比例變化趨勢 ·······························189
圖5-14 2021年度(2015屆)本科畢業生畢業五年後自主創業的比例(與2015屆半年後、三年後對比) ··························································································189
圖5-15 2021年度各類高職院校畢業生畢業半年後自主創業的比例變化趨勢 ···················190
圖5-16 2021年度(2017屆)高職畢業生畢業三年後自主創業的比例(與2017屆半年後對比) ···190
圖5-17 2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年後自主創業的月收入 ········································191
圖5-18 2021年度(2015屆)本科畢業生畢業五年後自主創業的月收入(與2015屆三年後、
半年後對比) ··························································································191
圖5-19 2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年後自主創業的月收入 ········································192
圖5-20 2021年度(2017屆)高職畢業生畢業三年後自主創業的月收入
(與2017屆半年後對比) ·············································································192
圖5-21 2021年度本科畢業生自主創業的動機分布 ····················································193
圖5-22 2021年度高職畢業生自主創業的動機分布 ····················································193
圖5-23 2021年度本科畢業生自主創業最集中的前五位行業類 ·····································193
圖5-24 2021年度高職畢業生自主創業最集中的前五位行業類 ·····································194
圖5-25 2021年度本科各類靈活就業畢業生的就業滿意度 ···········································194
圖5-26 2021年度高職各類靈活就業畢業生的就業滿意度 ···········································195
表5-29 麥可思2021年度自主創業比例高的本科專業排行榜(前20位) ·····························195
表5-30 麥可思2021年度自主創業比例高的高職專業排行榜(前20位) ·····························196
圖5-27 2021年度本科畢業生畢業半年內的離職率變化趨勢 ········································197
圖5-28 2021年度各類本科院校畢業生畢業半年內的離職率變化趨勢 ····························197
圖5-29 2021年度高職畢業生畢業半年內的離職率變化趨勢 ········································198
表5-31 麥可思2021年度離職率最高的本科專業排行榜(前10位) ···································198
表5-32 麥可思2021年度離職率最高的高職專業排行榜(前10位) ···································199
表6-1 麥可思2021年度本科生在疫情影響較大的服務行業就業比例情況 ·······················202
表6-2 麥可思2021年度高職生在疫情影響較大的服務行業就業比例情況 ·······················202
表6-3 麥可思2021年度高職生在疫情影響較大的服務崗位就業比例情況 ·······················203
圖6-1 2021年度本科生在教育業就業比例情況 ························································203
表6-4 麥可思2021年度本科生在國企占比較高的行業就業比例情況 ·····························204
表6-5 麥可思2021年度高職生在國企占比較高的行業就業比例情況 ·····························204
表6-6 麥可思2021年度本科生在剛需產業就業比例情況 ············································205
表6-7 麥可思2021年度高職生在剛需產業就業比例情況 ············································205
圖6-2 2021年度在製造業就業的本科畢業生從事數位化崗位的占比 ·····························206
圖6-3 2021年度在製造業就業的高職畢業生從事數位化崗位的占比 ·····························206
表6-8 麥可思2021年度高職生在疫情影響較小的服務行業就業比例情況 ·······················207
表6-9 麥可思2021年度“考公”本科畢業生專業分布 ···············································207
圖6-4 2021年度高職農林牧漁大類畢業生工作與專業相關度變化趨勢 ··························208
圖6-5 2021年度高職農林牧漁大類畢業生從農的比例 ···············································209
表6-10 麥可思2021年度高職主要涉農專業類畢業生在農、林、牧、漁業就業的比例 ·······209
圖6-6 2021年度高職農林牧漁大類從農畢業生的就業滿意度 ······································210
圖6-7 2021年度高職農林牧漁大類從農畢業生的月收入 ············································210
圖6-8 2021年度(2017屆)高職農林牧漁大類從農畢業生三年後的月收入與漲幅 ···············211
表A-1 大學生最有可能從事的常見職業 ·································································217
作者簡介
麥可思研究院是麥可思公司的分析、研究中心，專注於高等教育領域，協助中國高校、各級政府教育和人力資源主管部門、學術研究機構、企業各級管理者深入了解大學生培養和就業狀況。麥可思公司成立於2006年，是中國高教管理數據與諮詢產業的奠基人和領軍者，每年為1200多所高校提供年度數據跟蹤與諮詢服務，是中國科協、人社部、法務部、中國社科院、世界銀行等機構的合作項目單位，是北京大學教育學院、北京師範大學教育學部高等教育研究所、清華大學教育研究院、中國人民大學教育學院、中央財經大學中國人力資本與勞動經濟研究中心和西南財經大學經濟學院的產學研合作基地，也是《中國大學生就業報告》（即就業藍皮書）的撰稿人，與上海市教育科學研究院合作撰寫《中國高等職業教育質量年度報告》。
麥可思還與廈門大學合作成立了“廈門大學—麥可思中國高等教育數據中心”，與西安交通大學共建“高等教育質量評價協同研究中心”。
