羅素首先論述什麼是基督徒，然後論證上帝是否存在,對支持上帝存在的論點，包括最初起因論、自然法則論（牛頓提出）、目的論、神明道德論等，一一闡頌妹漏述並認為它們不能從邏輯上予以證明。羅素主張人們真正信仰上帝的原因並非由於理智的論點，而是從兒童時代起就受到的厚格故薰陶（What really moves people to believe in God is not any intellectual argument at all. Most people believe in God because they have been taught from early infancy to do it, and that is the main reason.）。
羅素還探討了基督的道德品質。由於基督相信地獄，羅素認為基督不是一個真正慈悲的人。羅素認為歷史臘探雅宙上悼晚到底有無耶穌其人是值得懷疑的。羅素認為作為一個有組織的教會，從古到今一直是世界道德進步的主要敵人（I say quite deliberately that the Christian religion, as organized in its churches, has been and still is the principal enemy of moral progress in the world. ）。羅素
羅素