四級聽力速成的秘密：3個月考出好成績

本書主要針對目前的大學四六級考試的考生，幫助其進行英語四級聽力考試準備。內容介紹了四級聽力考試的要求，介紹了考試經驗及掌握的難點，並輔以練習。最後一部分還附有四級聽力考試真題，以便考生進行模擬訓練。

基本介紹

• 書名：四級聽力速成的秘密:3個月考出好成績
• 作者：韓笑
• 出版日期：2014年10月1日
• 語種：簡體中文, 英語
• ISBN：9787518007295 
• 外文名：Tactics for New CET-4 Listening Test
• 出版社：中國紡織出版社
• 頁數：380頁
• 開本：16
• 品牌：中國紡織出版社

基本介紹

內容簡介

本書的內容是按照從前往後由易到難的順序編排的，無論考生現有的水平如何，都能夠輕鬆介入。
本書編者建議以“3個月”作為一個學習周期，但又不局限於此。使用本書的考生或學習者可以根據自己的現有水平、備考時間和學習時間等因素，進行適當調整。比如說：
如果備考時間較長，考生可以將本書內容拉伸到3個季度或1年內完成，這樣就能學得更紮實。
如果備考時間較短，考生可以將本書內容壓縮到3周或1個半月內完成，通過本書的有效指導，達到熟悉題型、適應考試，強化應試能力的目的。

作者簡介

多年學習英語，並在國外留學，對英語學習有自己獨特的見解和親身實踐經歷，並具有多年的大學英語一線教學經驗和四六級考試輔導經驗。

圖書目錄

聽力導學 / Ⅷ
第一個月 基礎篇 / 1
一、短對話 / 3
（一）數字信息類 / 6
（二）地點場景類 / 8
（三）人物身份關係類 / 12
漸進實測練習 / 15
Exercise 1 / 15
Exercise 2 / 15
Exercise 3 / 16
測試答案及詳解 / 17
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 19
重點辭彙、句型與語法 / 22
二、長對話 / 25
（一）犯罪事故類 / 28
（二）人生規劃類 / 30
（三）商業活動類 / 32
漸進實測練習 / 35
Exercise 1 / 35
Exercise 2 / 36
Exercise 3 / 38
測試答案及詳解 / 40
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 46
重點辭彙、句型與語法 / 54
三、短文理解 / 61
（一）新聞故事類 / 62
（二）文化教育類 / 67
（三）傳記故事類 / 74
漸進實測練習 / 78
Exercise 1 / 78
測試答案及詳解 / 83
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 87
重點辭彙、句型與語法 / 93
四、短文聽寫 / 93
（一）人文環境類 / 96
（二）風土人情類 / 101
（三）時事政治類 / 106
漸進實測練習 / 110
Exercise 1 / 110
Exercise 2 / 111
Exercise 3 / 112
測試答案及詳解 / 114
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 120
Exercise 1 / 120
重點辭彙、句型與語法 / 123
第一個月複習效果檢驗 / 125
Test 1 / 125
Test 2 / 129
測試答案及詳解 / 132
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 138
第二個月 提高篇 / 149
一、短對話 / 150
（一）事實狀況類？ / 150
（二）話題討論類？ / 152
（三）原因結果類？ / 153
漸進實測練習？ / 155
Exercise 1 / 155
測試答案及詳解 / 156
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 158
Exercise 2 / 158
測試答案及詳解 / 159
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 161
Exercise 3 / 162
測試答案及詳解 / 163
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 164
二、長對話？ / 166
學習新聞類 / 166
1.學習類常考場景 / 166
2.新聞類長對話 / 185
漸進實測練習 / 189
Exercise 1 / 189
測試答案及詳解 / 191
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 192
Exercise 2？ / 195
測試答案及詳解 / 197
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 198
Exercise 3 / 202
測試答案及詳解 / 203
漸進測試聽力文字稿 / 205
三、短文理解 / 209
科普知識類 / 209
1.信息技術？ / 209
2.天文地理？ / 214
3.生物醫學？ / 219
漸進實測練習？ / 225
Exercise 1？ / 225
測試答案及詳解？ / 225
漸進測試聽力文字稿？ / 226
Exercise 2？？ / 228
測試答案及詳解？ / 229
漸進測試聽力文字稿？ / 231
Exercise 3？ / 232
測試答案及詳解？ / 234
漸進測試聽力文字稿？ / 236
四、複合式聽寫 / 238
（一）英美文化 / 238
（二）風土人情 / 238
（三）文化教育 / 241
（四）、歷史景觀 / 244
漸進實測練習247
Exercise 1？ / 247
測試答案及詳解 / 249
Exercise 2？ / 251
測試答案及詳解 / 252
Exercise 3 / 255
測試答案及詳解 / 256
第二個月複習效果檢驗 / 261
Test 1？Section A / 261
測試答案及詳解 / 265
聽力文字稿 / 267
Section B / 270
Test 2 / 274
Section A / 272
Section B / 274
Section C / 275
測試答案及詳解 / 276
聽力文字稿 / 280
第三個月 衝刺篇 / 289
一、短對話 / 288
1.行動計畫類？ / 288
2.觀點態度類 / 289
3.虛擬語氣類 / 291
Exercise 1 / 292
原文、答案及解析 / 293
Exercise 2 / 295
原文、答案及解析 / 296
Exercise 3 / 297
原文、答案及解析 / 298
二、長對話 / 303
科普知識類 / 301
Exercise 1 / 306
聽力原文\答案及解析/ 307
Exercise 2 / 310
原文、答案及解析 / 312
Exercise 3 / 315
原文、答案及解析 / 317
三、短文 / 323
社會生活類 / 321
Exercise 1 / 326
Exercise 1 聽力原文、答案及解析 / 326
Exercise 2 / 329
Exercise 2 聽力原文、答案及解析 / 329
Exercise 3 / 331
Exercise 3 聽力原文、答案及解析 / 333
四、短文聽寫（單詞及短語聽寫） / 338
科普知識類 / 336
Exercise 1 / 339
Exercise 1 答案及解析 / 341
Exercise 1 聽力原文 / 344
Exercise 2 / 345
Exercise 2 答案及解析 / 347
Exercise 2 聽力原文 / 350
Exercise 3 / 351
Exercise 3 答案及解析 / 353
Exercise 3 聽力原文 / 356
Test 1357
Test 1 聽力原文、答案及解析 / 361
Test 2368
Test 2 聽力原文、答案及解析 / 373

序言

聽力導學


一、大學英語教學大綱對大學英語聽力能力的一般要求（四級）
2007年修訂後的《大學英語課程教學要求》把大學階段的英語教學要求分為三個層次，即一般要求、較高要求和更高要求。這是我國高等學校非英語專業本科生經過大學階段的英語學習與實踐應當選擇達到的標準。一般要求是高等學校非英語專業本科畢業生應達到的基本要求。較高要求或更高要求是為有條件的學校根據自己的辦學定位、類型和人才培養目標所選擇的標準而推薦的。各高等學校應根據本校實際情況確定教學目標，並創造條件，使那些英語起點水平較高、學有餘力的學生能夠達到較高要求或更高要求。
三個層次對學生英語聽力能力要求如下：
一般要求：
能聽懂英語授課，能聽懂日常英語談話和一般性題材的講座，能聽懂語速較慢（每分鐘130 ~150詞）的英語廣播和電視節目，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要點。能運用基本的聽力技巧。
掌握的辭彙量應達到約4795個單詞和700個詞組（含中學應掌握的辭彙），其中約2000個單詞為積極辭彙，即要求學生能夠在認知的基礎上在口頭和書面表達兩個方面熟練運用的辭彙。
較高要求：
能聽懂英語談話和講座，能基本聽懂題材熟悉、篇幅較長的英語廣播和電視節目，語速為每分鐘150~180詞，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要點和相關細節。能基本聽懂用英語講授的專業課程。
掌握的辭彙量應達到約6395個單詞和1200個詞組（包括中學和一般要求應該掌握的辭彙），其中約2200個單詞（包括一般要求應該掌握的積極辭彙）為積極辭彙（見附3:《大學英語參考辭彙表》）。
更高要求：
聽力理解能力：能基本聽懂英語國家的廣播電視節目，掌握其中心大意，抓住要點。能聽懂英語國家人士正常語速的談話。能聽懂用英語講授的專業課程和英語講座。
掌握的辭彙量應達到約7675個單詞和1870個詞組（包括中學、一般要求和較高要求應該掌握的辭彙，但不包括專業辭彙），其中約2360個單詞（包括一般要求和較高要求應該掌握的積極辭彙）為積極辭彙（見附3:《大學英語參考辭彙表》）。

二、大學英語四級考試改革介紹及新題型分析
（一）大學英語四、六級考試改革介紹
根據全國大學英語四、六級考試委員會發布的通知，自2013年12月考試起，英語四、六級考試試卷結構和測試題型將有局部變化和調整。
四級和六級的試卷結構、測試內容、測試題型、分值比例和考試時間如下表所示：
試卷結構 測試內容 測試題型 分值比例 考試時間
寫作 寫作 短文寫作 15% 30分鐘
聽力理解 聽力對話 短對話 多項選擇 8% 30分鐘
長對話 多項選擇 7%
聽力短文 短文理解 多項選擇 10%
短文聽寫 單詞及詞組聽寫 10%
閱讀理解 辭彙理解 選詞填空 5% 40分鐘
長篇閱讀 匹配 10%
仔細閱讀 多項選擇 20%
翻譯 漢譯英 段落翻譯 15% 30分鐘
總計 100% 130分鐘


（二）新題型說明
1. 單詞及詞組聽寫
聽力題型是這次改革中變化最小的部分，聽力理解主要測試學生獲取口頭信息的能力。錄音材料用標準的英式或美式英語朗讀，四級語速約每分鐘130詞，六級約每分鐘150詞。聽力部分分值比例為35%，其中對話占15%，短文占20%。考試時間為30分鐘。調整後的四、六級考試大幅度提高了主觀題所占分值比例，之前的四、六級考試中，主觀題比例僅占20%；在新試題中，主觀題比例調整為30%。考試時間從過去的120分鐘延長到了130分鐘。 聽力從原來的20%提高到35%，四級聽力部分的原複合式聽寫由過去的八個單詞和三句話的形式，調整為考察十個單詞或短語的形式，短文長度及難度不變。要求考生在聽懂短文的基礎上，用所聽到的原文填寫空缺的單詞或詞組，共10題，短文播放三遍，每一個空的得分由過去的不等分值變成每空一分。
2. 長篇閱讀
原快速閱讀理解調整為長篇閱讀理解，篇章長度和難度不變。篇章後附有10個句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。有的段落可能對應兩題，有的段落可能不對應任何一題。
3. 翻譯
原單句漢譯英調整為段落漢譯英。翻譯內容涉及中國的歷史、文化、經濟、社會發展等。四級長度為140-160個漢字，六級長度為180-200個漢字。
成績分為總分和單項分。單項分包括：1）聽力，2）閱讀，3）翻譯和寫作。
三、2013年12月大學英語四級聽力部分真題及答案
同學們可以嘗試一下2013年12月英語四級聽力部分真題，依據自己的最後得分來進入不同階段的學習。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
1. A) The woman is now working in a kindergarten.
B) The woman is going to major in child education.
C) The man would like to be a high school teacher.
D) The man will soon start a business of his own.
2. A) The furniture has to be rearranged.
B) The video machine has to be checked.
C) The sound equipment has to be set up.
D) The conference room has to be cleaned.
3. A) She is exhausted.
B) She is near-sighted.
C) She cannot go straight home.
D) She cannot finish work in time.
4. A) The woman is too particular about food.
B) The woman should order her food quickly.
C) He would rather have a meal an hour later.
D) He usually prefers ice cream to sandwiches.
5. A) He doesn’t keep his promises.
B) He is always ready to offer help to others.
C) He is not a good mechanic.
D) He spends his spare time doing repairs.
6. A) Sam has a big family to support.
B) Sam is not interested in traveling.
C) The work hours in the travel agency are too long.
D) The pay offered by the travel agency is too low.
7. A) Financial consulting.
B) Product development.
C) International trade.
D) Domestic retailing.
8. A) Take a vacation.
B) Go on a business trip.
C) Make a ticket reservation.
D) Look for a job in Miami.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have heard.
9. A) It is located on Route 18.
B) It is a beautiful little town.
C) It lies seven miles east of Newton.
D) It has an interesting museum.
10. A) They are fifty-five miles apart.
B) They are in opposite directions.
C) They are quite close to each other.
D) They are a long drive from Norwalk.
11. A) They are crowded with tourists.
B) They are connected by Route 7.
C) They have lots of old houses.
D) They have many rare plants.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan.
B) Fetch the documents signed by Mr. Gartner.
C) Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.
D) Accompany Mr. Gartner to the Linate airport.
13. A) About 8:30.
B) About 4:15.
C) About 5:30.
D) About 6:30.
14. A) Gianni Riva at Megastar.
B) Mr. Gartner from Milan.
C) The company’s sales representative.
D) Gavin from the Chamber of Commerce.
15. A) Secretary.
B) Business manager.
C) Saleswoman.
D) Travel agent.

Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passages and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) She needed some overseas experience.
B) She wanted to find out more about it.
C) She had a desire to help others.
D) She was interested in farming.
17. A) Carry out a cultural exchange program.
B) Work on an agricultural project.
C) Teach English.
D) Learn Portuguese.
18. A) She could not get the country out of her mind.
B) She found it difficult to secure a job in her own country.
C) She wanted to renew her contact with the Peace Corps.
D) She was invited to work as an English teacher.
19. A) By teaching additional English classes.
B) By doing odd jobs for local institutions.
C) By working part time for the Peace Corps.
D) By writing stories for American newspapers.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A) Time spent with friends and family.
B) Time spent working.
C) Time spent exercising.
D) Time spent on leisure activities.
21. A) Reading.
B) Watching TV.
C) Surfing the Web.
D) Eating out.
22. A) Visiting friends.
B) Going to the pub.
C) Gardening.
D) Driving.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A) McLaughlin’s carelessness resulted in the collision.
B) The car driver was partly responsible for the accident.
C) McLaughlin was talking to his manager while driving.
D) The car driver was trying to avoid hitting a rabbit.
24. A) He did serious damage to a loaded truck.
B) He tore down the company’s main gate.
C) He knocked down several mailboxes.
D) He crashed into a car parked there.
25. A) He will receive retraining.
B) He will have to pay damages.
C) He will be fined heavily.
D) He will lose his job.

Section C
Directions: In this section you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for a general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, You should check what you have written.
When Captain Cook asked the chiefs in Tahiti why they always ate 26. , they replied, “Because it is right.” If we ask Americans why they eat with knives and forks, or why their men wear pants 27. skirts or why they may be married to only one person at a time, we are likely to get 28. and very uninformative answers because it’s right, because that’s the way it’s done, because it’s the 29. . Or even I don’t know. The reason for these and countless other patterns of social behavior is that they are 30. by social norms shared rules or guide lines which prescribe the behavior that is appropriate in a given situation. Norms 31. how people ought to behave under particular circumstances in a particular society. We conform (遵守) to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they 32. . In fact we are much more likely to notice 33. from norms than conformity to them. You will not be surprised if a stranger tried to shake hands when you were introduced, but you might be a little 34. if they bowed, started to stroke you or kissed you on both 35. . Yet each of these other forms of greeting is appropriate in other parts of the world. When we visit another society whose norms are different, we quickly become aware that things we do this way, they do that way.
答案：
1 B 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 A 9 D 10 B
11 C 12 C 13 B 14 D 15 A 16 C 17 B 18 A 19 D 20 D
21 A 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 D

26. apart and alone 27. instead of 28. similar 29. custom 30. controlled
31. define 32. exist 33. departure 34. startled 35. cheeks

2013年12月大學英語四級聽力部分文字稿
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Eight short conversations:
1.?M: After high school, I’d like to go to college and major in business administration.
W: But I’d rather spend my college days finding out how children learn.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
2.W: Is everything ready for the conference?
M: The only thing left to do is to set up the microphones and speakers. They'll be here in a few minutes.
Q: What preparations have yet to be made?
3.W: Is it almost time to go home now? I'm so tired. I can hardly see straight.
M: Just a few more minutes, then we can go.
Q: What is the woman’s problem?
4.W: I’m not sure what I’m in a mood for. Ice cream or sandwiches? They are both really good here.
M: The movie starts in an hour. And we still have to get there and park. So just make a decision.
Q: What does the man mean?
5.W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he has time.
M: He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time.
Q: What does the man imply about Tom?
6.W: So you know that Sam turns down the job offered by the travel agency.
M: Yes. The hours were convenient. But if he had accepted it, he wouldn’t be able to make ends meet.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
7.M: Could you tell me a bit about the business your company is doing?
W: We mainly deal with large volume buyers from western countries and our products have been well received.
Q: What business is the woman’s company doing?
8.W: Yesterday I made reservations for my trip to Miami next month.
M: You must really be looking forward to it. You haven’t had any time off for at least two years.
Q: What is the woman going to do?
Two long conversations:
Conversation One：
M: Excuse me, I need some information about some of the towns near here.
W: What would you like to know?
M: Well, first, I'd like directions to go to Norwalk. I believe there is an interesting museum there. It isn't far, is it?
W: No, not at all. Norwalk is about eighteen miles east of here on Route 7. And you're right. It's a wonderful little museum.
M: Oh good. Now what about Amitsville? I have some friends. I'd like to visit there and I also want to get to Newton. They are near each other, aren't they?
W: Hmm... well, they are actually in opposite directions. Amitsville is northeast. It's about thirty five miles northeast of here.
M: Huh-uh, thirty five miles northeast. And how about Newton?
W: Well, Newton is in the other direction. It's southwest, so it isn't really very close to Amitsville at all and it's a long drive. It's about fifty five miles southwest from here and the road is not at all straight.
M: Fifty five miles southwest! Well, maybe I won't go there this time.
W: I’d recommend visiting Westfield or Great Town. They are both very close. Westfield is just seven miles west of here and Great Town is about five miles south. They are really pretty little towns with lots of old houses and beautiful tree-lined streets.
M: I see. Seven miles west to Westfield and five miles south to Great Town. Good. Well, I think that's all the information I need for a while. Thank you. You've been very helpful.
W: You're welcome, sir. I hope you enjoy your stay.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. What does the man know about Norwalk?
10. What does the woman say about Amitsville and Newton?
11. What do we learn about Westfield and Great Town?
Conversootlon Two：
M: Err... Sandra, I’ve finished with Mr. Gordon now. Do you think you could pop through and bring me up to date on their arrangements for the Italian trip?
W: Certainly, Mr. Wilkinson. I’ll bring everything with me.
M: Right, take a seat. Now my first meeting is when?
W: Your first meeting is on Monday, 21 at 9 a.m. with Dr. Gucci of Bancos en Piedra in Milan.
M: OK, so can I fly out early Monday morning?
W: Well, there is a flight to Linate Airport which leaves at six thirty London time and gets in at eight thirty Italian time.
M: Yeah, but that only leaves me thirty minutes to clear customs in getting to the city center and it means I have to check in by five thirty, which means leaving home at about four fifteen.
W: I’m afraid so.
M: Hmm... not so keen on that. What’s the program for the rest of that day?
W: It’s quite full, I’m afraid. At eleven, you’re seeing Jeana Rivard at Meg Star and then you’ll have a lunch engagement with Gaven from the Chamber of Commerce at one.
M: Where’s that?
W: You’re meeting him at his office and then he’s taking you somewhere.
M: Good, that sounds fine. What about the afternoon?
W: Well, at three thirty, you’re seeing our sales representative there and then you’re free till the evening.
M: I see. I seem to remember that I’m having a dinner with someone from Bergamo.
W: That’s right. And Mr. Betty from SAP Industries at eight.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. What would the man like the woman to do?
13. At what time is Mr. Wilkinson going to leave home for the airport?
14. Who is Mr. Wilkinson going to have a lunch with on Monday?
15. What is most probably the woman’s job?
Section B
Passage One
Donna Fredrick’s served with the Peace Corps for two years in Brazil. She joined the Peace Corps after she graduated from the college because she wanted to do something to help other people. She had been brought up on a farm, so the Peace Corps assigned her to an agricultural project. Before she went to Brazil, she studied Portuguese for three months. She also learnt a great deal about its history and culture.
During her two years with the Peace Corps, Donna lived in a village in northeast Brazil. That part of Brazil is very dry and farming is often difficult there. Donna helped the people of the village to organize an irrigation project, and she also advised them on planting crops that didn’t require much water.
When Donna returned to the States, she couldn’t settle down. She tried several jobs, but they seemed very boring to her. She couldn’t get Brazil out of her mind. Finally, one day she got on a plane and went back to Brazil. She wasn’t sure what she’s going to do. She just wanted to be there.
After a few weeks, Donna found a job as an English teacher, teaching five classes a day. Like most of the teachers, she doesn’t make much money. She shares a small apartment with another teacher. And she makes a little extra money by sending stories to newspapers in the States. Eventually she wants to quit teaching and work as a full-time journalist.
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. Why did Donna join the Peace Corps after she graduated from college?
17. What was Donna assigned to do in Brazil?
18. Why did Donna go back to Brazil once again?
19. How did Donna make extra money to support herself?
Passage Two
Results of a recent Harry’s poll on free time showed that the average work week for many Americans is 50 hours. With the time spent eating, sleeping and taking care of the household duties, there’s little time left for leisure activities for many Americans. However, having free time to relax and pursue hobbies is important. People need time away from the pressures of study or work to relax and enjoy time with friends and family.
In different countries free time is spent in different ways. The results of a Harry’s poll showed that reading was the most popular spare time activity in the US. This was followed by watching TV. In a UK survey on leisure time activities, watching TV and videos was the most popular. Listening to the radio came second. In a similar survey conducted in Japan, the most popular free time activity was eating out. The second most popular activity was driving. There were also differences in the most popular outdoor pursuits between the three countries. The most popular outdoor activity for Americans was gardening. In the UK, it was going to the pub. In Japan, going to bars ranked eighth in popularity and gardening ranked ninth.
Although people around the world may enjoy doing similar things in their free time, some evidences are suggesting that these interests are changing. In the US, for example, the popularity of computer activities is increasing. Many more people in the States are spending their free time surfing the web, emailing friends or playing games online.
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. What is the recent Harry's Poll about?
21. What was the most popular leisure activity in the US?
22. What was the most popular outdoor pursuit in the UK?
Passage 3
On March 13th, while on duty, Charles Mclaughlin, a very careless driver employed by the company Lummis, was involved in another accident. The accident occurred in Riverside California. Not paying attention to his driving, Mclaughlin turned right on main street and 33rd street and hit Volkswagen rabbit. This caused minor damage to his truck and serious damage to the car. On the basis of the police report, the Lummis accident committee correctly determined that Mclaughlin had been quite careless.
As a result of the committee’s conclusion, the branch manager Mr. David Rossi reported that he had talked with Mclaughlin about his extremely poor driving record. Further evidence of Mclaughlin's irresponsibility occurred on May 6th when he was returning from his shift. That day he ran into a roll-up door at the Lummis facility in Valero, causing significant damage to the door. Damage to the truck, however, was minor. Finally, on June 7th, Mclaughlin once again demonstrated his carelessness by knocking down several mail boxes near the edge of the company’s parking lot. There was damage to the mailboxes and minor damage to the truck.
Mr. David Rossi stated that he had spoken with Mclaughlin on several occasions about his driving record. He added that he had warned Mclaughlin that three preventable accidents in one year could lead to his discharge, as indeed it should.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. What did the Lummis accident committee find out about the accident that occurred on March 13th?
24. What did Mclaughlin do on June 7th near the edge of the company’s parking lot?
25. What is most probably going to happen to Mclaughlin?
四、四級聽力題型與技巧點撥
聽力部分包括短對話、長對話、短文理解和短文聽寫四個部分。聽力測試的分值在四級考試中占35%，錄音播放時間為30分鐘左右。如何在半小時左右的時間裡，有效地對聽力短對話精細理解、對長對話和短文的信息進行提取以及在短文聽寫中對單詞的瞬間把握，都是需要考生在平時的訓練中區分對待的。熟悉各個部分的題型及掌握一定的聽力技巧對提高聽力水平將會有很大幫助。
（一）對話
1. 題型介紹
聽力對話包括短對話和長對話兩個部分，要求考生從所給的四個選項中選出—個最佳答案。短對話共8組，每組為一輪對話和一個問題；長對話有2組，每組為7-8輪對話，後面有3-4個問題。對話部分共15題。每段對話均朗讀一遍，每個問題後留有13-15秒的答題時間。
2. 答題技巧
1）預讀選項。有效利用播放考試說明的時間瀏覽一下題目的四個選項，畫出關鍵字，這是做好聽力題目的必要前提。考生通過分析四個選項，猜問題，對涉及的話題有個大體的了解，聽時會有側重地去聽，由此使自己處於主動地位。
2）把握關鍵字和關鍵句。短對話可以通過某個或某些詞或短語判斷出答案。只要能捕捉到對話中與該話題相關的關鍵字，往往就可以判斷出對話談論的內容。而長對話是圍繞一個中心展開話題的，因此抓住中心很重要。尤其注意表示因果關係、轉折關係、對比或對照等方面的詞或短語。其次也要注意聽關鍵句，往往會有一些表示建議，反問的句子。另外，提示性的信息也可以是語音語調。在很多情況下，能否正確理解這些提示詞語和信息決定了能否正確回答問題。
3）判斷相關場景。聽力測試設題的目的是考查我們對於對話主要內容的全面把握，不必試圖去聽清每一個詞，重點聽主要信息和目的，判斷出對話環境對我們回答問題有很大幫助。四級聽力常考的場景有：學習場景、工作場景、天氣場景、醫院場景、租房場景、娛樂場景、餐館場景、選課場景等。在固定的場景中，其辭彙和表達也相對比較固定，所以同學們應在平時注意多積累一些場景中的高頻辭彙和習慣表達，以提高聽力理解能力。
4）邊聽邊做速記, 在聽力應試過程中，做些簡短的記錄，對答題會有所幫助。所記的重點應放在對話中出現的數字、時間、地點、人名上，這些關鍵信息經常是考題的考點所在。遇到內容較複雜的談話時,記在不同選項旁的關鍵字可以幫助我們很快找到正確答案。
（二）短文理解
1. 題型介紹
短文理解部分通常由3篇文章組成，每篇大約240-260個單詞，每篇後面有3-4個題目，共10道題，所占分值為10%。每個問題後有13秒的答題時間。短文內容和問題唯讀一遍。
2．技巧
1）瀏覽選項。利用讀題目指令或兩道題目之間的短暫間隙，考生可以根據選項提供的信息推斷短文體裁和大致內容，這樣在聽的過程中，就能更有針對性，從而提高聽力的有效性。
2）抓主題句和信息詞。抓住一篇文章的主題句,就容易掌握文章的中心思想。要特別注意聽清開頭和結尾的一兩句話,因為開頭句與結尾句常常是主題句，概括和歸納了全文的中心。即便不是主題句，也會包含很多信息，理解這些信息有利於考生把握整篇文章。另外，一些連線短文各個句子、表明上下邏輯關係的詞,對短文內容如何發展起到信號指示作用；抓住這些信號,對於下文會講什麼內容、能解答什麼問題就會心中有數。
3）記錄事實。聽力材料中出現的時間、數字、地點等信息以及表示原因和轉折關係的辭彙和句子經常是標誌性的出題點所在。在聽音過程中,要有目的地去抓聽，記錄與題目有關的事實,例如時間、地點、人物等。
（三）短文聽寫
1. 題型介紹
短文聽寫更強調語言的綜合套用能力，不僅要求考生要有很好的語音辨析能力，還要求具備拼寫能力、速記能力等。短文聽寫採用1篇短文，四級的長度為220-250詞，要求考生在聽懂短文的基礎上用所聽到的原文填寫空缺的單詞或詞組，共10題，短文播放三遍，屬於新題型。題材可以為敘述性、描寫性或說明性，難度適中。
2. 技巧
1）預讀須先行。因為文章具有一致性和連貫性的特點，聽音前對文字材料的快速瀏覽對完成聽寫內容是大有裨益的。尤其要關注所給材料的首尾部分以及空格前後的部分，推測空格要求填寫單詞的詞性、單複數、時態語態及可能的詞義。
2）聽第一遍錄音時,儘量對短文形成一個整體印象。聽為主，記為輔，單詞可採用縮寫或只記錄開頭字母的方式。聽第二遍錄音，快速記錄所缺單詞，儘量將其填寫完整。聽第三遍錄音，補全未填部分，核對已填內容。
3）自我檢查。考生在寫完之後應該根據自己所掌握的語法知識自我檢查一下，檢查內容大致包括：單複數是否一致、上下文時態是否相配、大小寫是否恰當、詞尾的變形正確與否、介詞搭配或詞語用法是否合乎規範、前後語義內容是否通順等。
四級聽力的提高不僅與學生的聽力水平有直接的關係，還從一定的程度上反映了學生的綜合語言水平。以上介紹的聽力技巧是建立在平時聽力訓練的基礎之上的。同學們也應多了解一些有關東西方文化、風土人情方面的知識，這些都對提高英語聽力能力有很大幫助。同學們，準備好，讓我們開始提高聽力之旅吧！