作者：劉 波 曹晉忠，編號：NFG-89-11，中文菌名：傘形馬鞍菌
編號 | NFG-89-11 |
拉丁菌名 | Ganoderma chenghaiense Zhao sp. nov. |
中文菌名 | 傘形馬鞍菌 |
定名人 | 劉 波 曹晉忠 |
Nomencla | Zhao Jiding |
發表文章 | 馬鞍菌屬新種和新紀錄 |
Article | Studies on the Taxonomy of Ganodertataceae in China IX. Subgen. Ganoderma Sect. Ganoderma |
作者 | 劉 波 曹晉忠 |
Author | Zhao Jiding |
作者單位 | 山西大學生物系, 太原 030006 |
摘要 | 有關馬鞍菌屬 Hevella 的歷史, 屬種概念以及中 國已知種的檢索已作過報導 (劉波等,1985). 本文描述 了近年來採到的兩個新種: 粘馬鞍菌Helvella glutinosa sp. nov. 和傘形馬鞍菌 Helvella galerifoemis sp. nov., 四個新紀錄: 白柄馬鞍菌 Helvella albella Quel., 小馬鞍菌Helvella helvellula (Dur. et Mont.) Dissing., 乳白馬鞍菌 Helvella lactea Boud, 和脈馬 鞍菌 Helvella phlebophora Pat. et Doass.此外. 斑點 馬鞍菌 Helvella maculata Wever 雖已作過報導和描述 (李靜麗等, 1986) 然而由於它是一個非常具有特徵性的 種, 而且有一限制的地理分布, 因此本文也對它進行了更 充分的描述和討論. |
Abstract | So far as we know the earliest of Lingzhi (Ganderma lucidum) was in <> of E. Han Dynasty. But the medicinal use of Linghiwas known to Chinese ancestors long long ago. The earliest record of Ganoderma lucidum abroad was W.Curts's Boletus lucidus W.Curt, t. no. 224. 1781" inFlora Londinensis. The designated holotype species has not been found. Fortunately Karsten (1881), the fonuder of the Genus Ganoderma left a specimen at H (Helsinki,Finland: Botanical Museum), it could be selected as neotype (Bazzalo & Wright, 1982). Several taxonomists were of different opinions that one species therein the structure of crust of different specimens. This character was also found in the same specimen.(Furtado, 1965, 1981, Corner 1983) There is also variation in the colour of the context. Perhaps the drakening of the colour of the context is due to the gradual increase inthemean temperature from north to south and from the higher to the lower altitudes (Steyaert 1972). Some workers consider that is no importance with or without stipe of one specimen on classification Steyaert (1975) demonstrated that even the spores in Ganodermatornatum complex change by tbe difference of latitude and altitude. In a word we may say that the species of Ganoderm lucidum complex are not stable in nature. Indeed this is anatural law. Each biological species in natute is not only c ontinuously varied but also with relative stability. They are growing and developing in the contraditory of nature. The present author agrees with the other's opinions that in Ganodrtma the featute of spores is the only criterion in classification of whicht he difference is clear-cut from one speciesto another (Patouillard 1889, 1900, Imazeki, 1939, Asoshima, 1971). At the same time he proposes that it may be right to use the comprehensive features of each species on classification. Different concepts of Ganodrma lucidium (s.also or s.str, ) were held by several taxonomists therefore the related species are natually dfferent. The following mayi be itsrelated species recognized by the present author. They are: Ganoderma resinaceum Bond., Ganoderma curitsii (Berk.) Murr. (Steyaert 1980), Ganoderma sichuanensis Zhao et zhang (Zhao et al, 1983),Ganoderma sinense Zhao Xu et Zhang (Zhao et al. 1979, 1981) and Ganoderma tsugae Murr. (Murrill, 1908). The author assumes that in this sectin Ganoderma lucidum is supposed to be a central species, around which many other species derived and a larger speciesagrregate was formed. Several taxonomists named it Ganoderma lucidum complex (Ryvarden, 1980.1981, 1985). For a long time the classification of Ganoderma lucidum complex has been a difficult problem and has also long benn a stumbling blockfor taxonomists This fungal group has been studied by the presernt author for may years. With his experience he considers that the concept of sensu stricto isprobably better in accordance with the natyral law. The viewpoints meioned above may be expounded in other paper. In this paper 4 new species are reported. One of which should belong to sectionphaeonema. They are: Ganoderma dauqingshanense, Ganoderma kunmingense, Ganoderma ramisussuimum and Ganoderma chenghaiense. All the specimens cited above are deposited in the Mycological Herbarium of Institute of Microbiology Academia Sinica Beijing (HMAS) |
關鍵字 | 馬鞍菌屬, 粘馬鞍菌, 傘形馬鞍菌, 白柄馬鞍菌, 小馬鞍菌, 乳白馬鞍菌, 脈馬 鞍菌, 斑點馬鞍菌 |
Key | |
期刊 | 真菌學報 7(4):198-204, 1988 |
Publication | Acta Mycologica Sinica (Chinese; English Abstract), 8(1):pp.25-34, 1989 |
分享省市 | 山西省朔州市 |
Place | Chenghai County, Guangdong Province, Chi |
採集地 | 管涔山林區針葉林內地上 |
Environment | The mushroom collected on on the root or rotten woods of Accacia sp. |
海撥高度 | |
生態環境 | 溫帶大陸性氣候針葉林區 |
寄主 | 針葉林內地上散生 |
Habitat | subtropical ocean monsoon climate broad-leaf forest zone |
Host | on the root or rotten woods of Accacia sp. |
採集人 | 范 黎 |
Isolation Person | Lin Chaojia |
採集時間 | |
保存單位 | 山西大學生物系真菌標本室, 太原 030006 |
Preservation Unit | Mycological Herbarium, Institute of Microbiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China |
描述 | |
等模式 | |
Speciman No. | HMAS 50774 |
全文 | |
Note | The fungi is a famous chinese medicinal herb, it used as a tonic, roborant, sedative, and stomachic. The spora poder modern used tratmenting cancer. |
