假瘤蕨屬

假瘤蕨屬，附生或土生。根狀莖細長而橫走，木質，被鱗片；鱗片通常披針形，少有鑽形或毛狀，多數為棕色，少數栗黑色或灰白色，具狹長而不透明的篩孔。

基本介紹

• 中文名：假瘤蕨屬
• 拉丁學名：Phymatopteris Pic. Serm.
• 界：植物界
• 門：蕨類植物門
• 亞門：真蕨亞門
• 綱：薄囊蕨綱
• 目：水龍骨目
• 科：水龍骨科
• 亞科：隱子蕨亞科
• 屬：假瘤蕨屬
• 分布區域：西南、華南、台灣、華北、西北

形態特徵

葉通常一型，少數二型或近二型；葉片單葉不分裂，呈條形、卵圓形或卵狀披針形，或2-3裂，或掌狀分裂，或羽狀分裂，少數為一回羽狀；邊緣全緣，或有缺刻或鋸齒。葉質地通常為紙質，少數為革質或膜質。多數種類的葉片兩面光滑無毛，少數種類的葉片被短柔毛或鱗片。主脈和側脈明顯，小脈網狀，具內藏小脈。孢子囊群圓形，在主脈兩側各1行，通常葉表面生，少數略凹陷於葉肉中。孢子橢圓形，周壁具短刺狀紋飾或小瘤狀紋飾。染色體基數x=12。

產地分布

約有60種，分布於亞洲熱帶亞熱帶山地。中國有47種和1變種，主產西南、華南和台灣，少數達華北和西北。

下級分類

1. 灰鱗假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris albopes (C. Chr. et Ching) Pic. Serm.
2. 芒刺假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris cartilagineo-serrata (Ching et S. K. Wu) S. G. Lu
3. 鵝絨假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris chenopus (Christ) S. G. Lu
4. 白莖假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris chrysotricha (C. Chr.) Pic. Serm.
5. 交連假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris conjuncta (Ching) Pic. Serm.
6. 鈍羽假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris conmixta (Ching) Pic. Serm.
7. 耿馬假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris connexa (Ching) Pic. Serm.
8. 紫柄假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris crenatopinnata (C. B. Clarke) Pic. Serm.
9. 十字假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris cruciformis (Ching) Pic. Serm.
10. 指葉假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris dactylina (Christ) Pic. Serm.
11. 大圍山假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris daweishanensis S. G. Lu
12. 掌葉假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris digitata (Ching) Pic. Serm.
13. 黑鱗假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris ebenipes (Hook.) Pic. Serm.
14. 大葉玉山假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris echinospora (Tagawa) Pic. Serm.
15. 恩氏假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris engleri (Luerss.) Pic. Serm.
16. 錫金假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris erythrocarpa (Mett. ex Kuhn) Pic. Serm.
17. 鐮羽假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris falcatopinnata (Hayata) S. G. Lu
18. 刺齒假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris glaucopsis (Franch.) Pic. Serm.
19. 大果假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris griffithiana (Hook.) Pic. Serm.
20. 海南假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris hainanensis (Ching) Pic. Serm.
21. 金雞腳假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris hastata (Thunb.) Pic. Serm.
22. 昆明假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris hirtella (Ching) Pic. Serm.
23. 圓齒假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris incisocrenata Ching ex W. M. Chu et S. G. Lu
24. 金平假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris kingpingensis (Ching) Pic. Serm.
25. 麗江假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris likiangensis (Ching) Pic. Serm.
26. 寬底假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris majoensis (C. Chr.) Pic. Serm.
27. 彎弓假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris malacodon (Hook.) Pic. Serm.
28. 烏鱗假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris nigropaleacea (Ching) S. G. Lu
29. 毛葉假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris nigrovenia (Christ) Pic. Serm.
30. 長圓假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris oblongifolia (S. K. Wu) W. M. Chu et S. G. Lu
31. 圓頂假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris obtusa (Ching) Pic. Serm.
32. 峨眉假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris omeiensis (Ching) Pic. Serm.
33. 尖裂假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris oxyloba (Wall. ex Kunze) Pic. Serm.
34. 透明葉假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris pellucidifolia (Hayata) Pic. Serm.
35. 片馬假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris pianmaensis W. M. Chu
36. 展羽假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris quasidivaricata (Hayata) Pic. Serm.
37. 喙葉假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris rhynchophylla (Hook.) Pic. Serm.
38. 紫邊假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris roseomarginata (Ching) Pic. Serm.
39. 陝西假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris shensiensis (Christ) Pic. Serm.
40. 尾尖假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris stewartii (Bedd.) Pic. Serm.
41. 斜下假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris stracheyi (Ching) Pic. Serm.
42. 蒼山假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris subebenipes (Ching) Pic. Serm.
43. 台灣假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris taiwanensis (Tagawa) Pic. Serm.
44. 細柄假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris tenuipes (Ching) Pic. Serm.
45. 西藏假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris tibetana (Ching et S. K. Wu) W. M. Chu
46. 三指假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris triloba (Houtt.) Pic. Serm.
47. 三出假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris trisecta (Baker) Pic. Serm.
48. 無量山假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris wuliangshanensis W. M. Chu
49. 屋久假瘤蕨 Phymatopteris yakushimensis (Makino) Pic. Serm.