五台山黑蛋巢垣曲變種，拉丁菌名Tricholoma quercicola Zang sp. nov。
編號 | NFG-90-15 |
拉丁菌名 | Tricholoma quercicola Zang sp. nov. |
中文菌名 | 五台山黑蛋巢垣曲變種 |
定名人 | 劉 波 李榆梅 |
Nomencla | Zang Mu |
發表文章 | 黑蛋巢菌屬新種新變種主中國新記錄種 |
Article | A Taxonomic and Geographic Study on the Song Rong (Matsutake) Group and Its Allied Species |
作者 | 劉 波 李榆梅 |
Author | Zang Mu |
作者單位 | 山西大學生物系, 太原 030006 |
摘要 | 本文報導了黑蛋巢菌屬 Cyathus 的三 個新種, 一個新變種和一個新記錄種, 它們分別是: 四川 黑蛋巢 Cyathus sichuanensis Liu et Y.M.Li,關帝山黑 蛋巢菌 Cyathus guandishensisLiu et Y.M.Li, 雲南黑 蛋巢 Cyathus yunnanensis Liu et Y.M.Li, 五台山黑蛋 巢菌垣曲變種 Cyathus wutaisshanensis Liu Shangguan et Yuan var. yuanensis Liuet Y.M.Li和粟褐黑蛋巢菌 Cyathus badius Kobayasi. 模式標本除 Cyathus yunanensis Liu et Y.M.Li 保存在中國科學院微生物研 究所標本室外, 其餘均保存在山西大學真菌標本室. |
Abstract | Song Rong Masutake, (Pine mushrion) group is the most favorite edible mushrooms in Eastern Asia, Tricholoma matsutake (Ito et Imai) Singer var. matsutakeis associated with pine forest and native to North Eastern and South Western China, it as well as in Japan and Korea. The Song Rong (Pine mushrooms) nomenclature and description has been one of the old traditional reference in China, as early as the Song Dynasty, a famous scholar named Tang Shen-Wei, who compiled " ReorganizedBen-Cao (Pen-Tsao)" (1802-1094 A. D.) in which, the Song Rong is contained. The Chinese "Song" pronounce =Pine, "Rong"=young pilose antler, the very name meaning the mushrooms associate with Pines, the young basidiocarp lookslike a young pilose antler, the later followed by Chen Rinyu "A Treatise on Fungi" 1245 A. d., who gives a more complete ecological and pharmaceutical discussions and point out, the Song Jun (Pine mushrooms) isapparently referred to Song Rong, which is generally referred to as a synonym. In addition to the above statement about the ancient nomenclature of Song Rong or Song Jun from China,simultaneously, there is a similar passage in later works by Japanese priest Kenko in his "Tsurezuregusa" (1330-31), he noted the Masutake (Japanese pronounce: Matsu orMasu) =pine, Take=mushroom), however, the Sino-Japan calligraphy Character of Pine mushroom are exactly alike. Moreover, there in replaced by a varitty of the samespecies Triclioloma matsutake (Ito et Imai) Singer var. formosana Sawada distriuted in Prov. Taiwan, China. Some other closely related but different species, the American matsutake[Tricholoma ponderosa (Peck) Singer] has a representative only occurs in western coast of North America, the European matsutake [Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken] is widely distributed in Europe and North Africa. Matsutake group not only forming ectomycorrhiza with conifers, even several species forming ectomycorrhizae with Family Fagaceae, belong to genera Quercus, Castanopsis and Lithocarpus etc., a common species,Tricholoma bakamatsutake Hongo, that associated with different species of the genus Quercus from Japan and Western China. They either species Tricholoma quercicola Zang occurs in North Yunnan and Western Sichuan,beyond the Tsanpo (Yarlung Zangbo), where is the eastern terminus of the Himalayas proper. Some original mycofloras of temperate Asia, including China, Japan and Korea, especially in the Sino-Himalayanregion of the Western China have the richest alpine Quercus forest and Matsuake group, where have survived and thrived in better conditions than similar ones in Europea and North America. Tricholoma quercicola Zang is close to Tricholoma matsutake (Ito et Imai) Singer, but may be distinguished from the latte by its cheilocystidia, and occurs in good mycorrhizal associationwith Genus Quercus, never Pinus, these features also similar to Tricholoma bakamatsutake Hongo, but differs in the larger and round in outline basidospores (6.5-10.7×5-6.5μm, whichwhich often shows prominent angles. The colonies and hyphae in pure culture were white and thick on agar media, and there was a developmental formation of whitish aerial hyphae, but the colonies were relatively small. A number of distribution patterns, concerning the rational exploitation, utilization, reservation of Matsitake group are described and illustrated. The type specimen of the newspecies Tricholoma quercicola is deposited in the Herbarium of Cryptogams, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, Kunming (HKAS). |
關鍵字 | 黑蛋巢菌 屬, 四川黑蛋巢菌, 關帝山黑蛋巢, 雲南黑蛋巢菌, 五台 山黑蛋巢垣曲變種, 粟褐黑蛋巢菌 |
Key | |
期刊 | 真菌學報 8(4):289-295, 1989 |
Publication | Acta Mycologica Sinica (Chinese; English Abstract), 9(2):pp.113-127, 1990 |
分享省市 | 山西省垣曲縣 |
Place | Miyi County, Sichuan Province, China |
採集地 | 歷山自然保護區歷山鄉文堂村群生於林間草地上 |
Environment | The specimen collected on land of Quercus pannosa Hand-Mazz. forest |
海撥高度 | |
生態環境 | 溫帶大陸性氣候暖溫帶森林植被 |
寄主 | 林間草地上 |
Habitat | subtropical moist monsoon broad-leaf forest zone |
Host | on land of Quercus pannosa Hand-Mazz. forest |
採集人 | 常明昌 |
Isolation Person | Yuan Mingsheng |
採集時間 | |
保存單位 | 山西大學生物系真菌標本室, 太原 030006 |
Preservation Unit | The Herbarium of Cryptogams, Kunming Institute of Botany, The Chinese AcademY of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan Province, China |
描述 | |
等模式 | |
Speciman No. | HKAS 19947 |
全文 | |
Note | The species is a taste edible mushroom |
備註 | 副模式標本 (HMAS 51616, HMAS 51618, HMAS 51619) 保存於中國科學院微生物研究所真菌標本室, 北 京 100080 |
