紐扣珊瑚群是一類六放蟲(Zoanthid),它們是珊瑚和海葵的親戚,附著在淺海的岩石或珊瑚礁上。某些品種的紐扣珊瑚會分泌一種劇毒物質——海葵毒素(水螅毒素)。
基本介紹
物種概述
水螅毒素
概述
傳說
主要物種
鞘群海葵科 沙群海葵屬
- Palythoa aggregata Lesson, 1830
- Palythoa anneae Carlgren, 1938
- 盤花沙群海葵,Palythoa anthoplax (Pax et Müller, 1957)
- Palythoa arenacea Heller, 1868
- Palythoa argus Ehrenberg, 1834
- Palythoa aspera Pax, 1909
- Palythoa atogrisea Pax, 1924
- 澳大利亞沙群海葵,Palythoa australiae (Carlgren, 1937)
- Palythoa australiensis Carlgren, 1950
- Palythoa bertholeti Gray, 1867
- Palythoa brasiliensis Heider, 1899
- Palythoa braunsi Pax, 1924
- Palythoa brochi Pax, 1924
- Palythoa buitendijkl Pax, 1924
- Palythoa caesia Dana, 1846
- Palythoa calcaria Muller, 1883
- Palythoa calcigena Pax, 1924
- Palythoa calycina Pax, 1909
- Palythoa canalifera Pax, 1908
- Palythoa canariensis Haddon & Duerden, 1896
- Palythoa cancrisocia Martens, 1876
- 好望角沙群海葵,Palythoa capensis (Haddon et Duerden, 1896)
- Palythoa caracasiana Pax, 1924
- Palythoa caribaeorum (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860)
- Palythoa ceresina Pax & Muller, 1956
- Palythoa chlorostoma Pax & Muller, 1956
- Palythoa cingulata Milne Edwards, 1857
- Palythoa clavata (Duchassaing, 1850)
- Palythoa complanata Carlgren, 1951
- Palythoa congoensis Pax, 1952
- Palythoa dartevellei Pax, 1952
- Palythoa densa Carlgren, 1954
- Palythoa denudata Dana, 1846
- Palythoa dura Carlgren, 1920
- Palythoa durbanensis Carlgren, 1938
- Palythoa dysancrita Pax & Muller, 1956
- Palythoa eremita Pax, 1920
- Palythoa fatua Schultze, 1867
- Palythoa flavoviridis Ehrenberg, 1834
- Palythoa fuliginosa Dana, 1846
- Palythoa fusca (Duerden, 1898)
- Palythoa glareola (Lesueur, 1817)
- Palythoa glutinosa Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
- Palythoa grandiflora (Verrill, 1900)
- Palythoa grandis (Verrill, 1900)
- Palythoa gregorii Haddon & Duerden, 1896
- Palythoa gridellii Pax & Muller, 1956
- 廣東沙群海葵,Palythoa guangdongensis (Zunan, 1998)
- Palythoa guinensis von Koch, 1886
- 漢登沙群海葵,Palythoa haddoni (Carlgren, 1937)
- Palythoa halidosis Pax, 1952
- Palythoa hartmeyeri Pax, 1910
- Palythoa heideri Carlgren, 1954
- Palythoa heilprini (Verrill, 1900)
- Palythoa heliodiscus (Ryland & Lancaster, 2003)
- Palythoa horstii Pax, 1924
- Palythoa howesii Haddon & Shackleton, 1891
- Palythoa hypopelia Pax, 1909
- Palythoa ignota Carlgren, 1951
- Palythoa incerta Carlgren, 1900
- Palythoa insignis Carlgren, 1951
- Palythoa irregularis Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860
- Palythoa isolata Verrill, 1907
- Palythoa javanica Pax, 1924
- Palythoa kochii Haddon & Shackleton, 1891
- Palythoa leseuri Klunzinger, 1877
- Palythoa leucochiton Pax & Muller, 1956
- 平滑沙群海葵,Palythoa liscia (Haddon et Duerden, 1896)
- Palythoa mammillosa (Ellis et Solander, 1786)
- Palythoa mizigama Irei, Sinniger & Reimer, 2015
- Palythoa monodi Pax & Muller, 1956
- Palythoa multisulcata Carlgren, 1900
- Palythoa mutuki (Haddon & Shackleton, 1891)
- 納塔爾沙群海葵,Palythoa natalensis (Carlgren, 1938)
- 海燕沙群海葵,Palythoa nelliae (Pax, 1935)
- Palythoa nigricans McMurrich, 1898
- Palythoa oorti Pax, 1924
- Palythoa psammophilia Walsh & Bowers, 1971
- Palythoa senegalensis Pax & Muller, 1956
- Palythoa senegambiensis Carter, 1882
- Palythoa shackletoni Carlgren, 1937
- 中華沙群海葵,Palythoa sinensis (Zunan, 1998)
- 新加坡沙群海葵,Palythoa singaporensis (Pax et Müller, 1956)
- Palythoa spongiosa Andres, 1883
- 斯氏沙群海葵,Palythoa stephensoni (Carlgren, 1937)
- Palythoa texaensis Carlgren & Hedgpeth, 1952
- 石灰沙群海葵,Palythoa titanophila (Pax et Müller, 1957)
- Palythoa toxica Walsh & Bowers, 1971
- Palythoa tropica Carlgren, 1900
- Palythoa tuberculosa (Esper, 1791)
- Palythoa umbrosa Irei, Sinniger & Reimer, 2015
- Palythoa variabilis (Duerden, 1898)
- Palythoa wilsmoorei Wilsmore
- 西沙沙群海葵,Palythoa xishaensis (Zunan, 1998)
- 楊傑沙群海葵,Palythoa yongei (Carlgren, 1937)
- Palythoa zanzibarica Carlgren
群體海葵科 花群海葵屬
- Zoanthus barnardi Carlgren
- Zoanthus alderi Gosse, 1860
- 斑氏花群海葵,Zoanthus barnardi Carlgren, 1938
- Zoanthus bertholetti
- 洞穴花群海葵,Zoanthus cavernarum (Pax et Müller, 1957)
- Zoanthus chierchiae Heider, 1895
- Zoanthus coppingeri Haddon & Shackleton, 1891
- 深藍花群海葵,Zoanthus cyanoides (Pax et Müller, 1957)
- Zoanthus durbanensis Carlgren, 1938
- 紅綠花群海葵,Zoanthus erythrochloros (Pax et Müller)
- Zoanthus gigantus Reimer & Tsukahara in Reimer, Ono, Iwama, Takishita, Tsukahara & Maruyama, 2006
- Zoanthus kealakekuaensis Walsh & Bowers, 1971
- Zoanthus kuroshio Reimer & Ono in Reimer, Ono, Iwama, Takishita, Tsukahara & Maruyama, 2006
- Zoanthus natalensis Carlgren, 1938
- Zoanthus pigmentatus Wilsmore, 1909
- Zoanthus praelongus Carlgren, 1954
- Zoanthus pulchellus (Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860)
- Zoanthus robustus Carlgren, 1950
- Zoanthus sansibaricus Carlgren, 1900
- 中華花群海葵,Zoanthus sinensis (Zunan, 1998)
- Zoanthus sociatus (Ellis, 1768)
- Zoanthus solandri Le Sueur, 1818
- Zoanthus stuhlmanni Carlgren
- 越南花群海葵,Zoanthus vietnamensis Pax & Müller, 1957
- 西沙花群海葵,Zoanthus xishaensis (Zunan, 1998)