基本介紹
- 中文名：告知;告訴；講述
- 外文名：tell
- 同義詞：speak；say
英語,tell的短語,tell的用法,tell的含義,固定搭配,詞語辨析,正誤解析,
英語
tell的短語
all told
總共，一共，總計
Do tell!
不見得吧! 真沒想到！ 有這種事！ 我不信！ （驚訝，不快或恐懼等）
Don't tell me! (=Never tell me! T-me[us] another! You don't tell me!)
[口]不見得吧！ 靠不住吧！ 別瞎扯了！ 哪有這種事！
for what I cantell
據我所知[所了解的]
hear tell (of)
聽人談起[說過]
I (can) tell yon (=let me tell you)
我敢說； 確實
I told you so.
我早就跟你說過了。（意指我沒說錯，你偏不聽）
I('ll) tell you what.
[口]你聽著，讓我告訴你； 我告訴你一個好主意[辦法]
I'm telling you.
[口]我說的是真的[沒錯]; 你放心
take a telling
[口]耐心傾聽別人的規勸[責備]
There is no telling.
無法知道； 難以預料。
You're telling me.
[口]我完全同意你； 這不用你說！ 我早就知道了； 你說著玩吧！ 不見得吧！
You can never tell. (=You never cantell.)
誰也不知道； 誰也沒把握。
tell against (sb.)
成為對（某人）不利的證據
tell apart
分清，區分
tell down
[蘇]付（錢）
tell good-bye
[美]告別，告辭
tell it like it is
tell off
數，計算
分派，分配（工作）
責備
tell on
告發； 說...壞話； 對...有影響，影響到...
tellover
數一數
tell sb. straight
直率地[老實地]告訴某人
tell sb. where to get off [to head in]
[口]使某人有自知之明，叫某人不要太狂妄
tell的用法
原文：You are telling me.
譯文：你正在告訴我。
辨析：英語原文是個普通句子，口語中常用，但譯文意思不清楚，中國人不這樣說話。這句話的意思是：我早就知道，不用你告訴我。/ 這還用你說嗎？
英語有許多習慣用法，尤其是口語，有些話看似簡單，但照字面譯往往令人茫然不解，以tell為例可舉許多例子，表現的含義和語氣各不相同：
⒈ Tell me another.
我不信這件事。（不是“告訴我另一件”）
⒉ I'm telling you.
注意聽我說（這是很重要的）。（譯成“我在告訴你”毫無意義。）
⒊ Don't tell me you don't know.
你還能不知道？我不信你會不知道。（不是“不要告訴我你不知道”。）
⒋ Tell me,it was a misunderstanding.
這肯定是一場誤會吧？（表示說話人不相信某事的心情，但願這是場誤會。）
⒌ You tell me,you love me.
你許願你愛我。（如將tell譯成“告訴”，意思會很滑稽。）
⒍ Don't let him tell you that.
千萬別信他。
⒎ He couldn't tell himself why he had kept up all the photos.
他自己也解釋不清楚為什麼一直保存著這些照片。（這裡譯成“告訴自己”講不通。）
⒏ Tell it to Sweeny.
才沒那樣的事呢！（這裡的Sweeny源自英國作家George Dib din Pitt所著的一個劇本中專門謀殺顧客的理髮師。）
tell的含義
及物動詞vt.
⒈ 告訴；講述，說[O1][O5][O6][(+about/of/to)]
He told us how the accident happened.
他告訴我們那次事故是怎么發生的。
She told me that she would be back in an hour.
她告訴我她一個小時內就會回來。
Did he tell you when to start out?
他有沒有告訴你什麼時候出發?
I told her my telephone number before we parted.
我們分手前，我把電話號碼告訴了她。
⒉ 吩咐，命令[O2][O6]
Tell him not to come tomorrow.
叫他明天別來。
I told her to wait.
我叫她等一等。
⒊ 顯示，顯露[O5][O6]
She cracked a smile that told her joy.
她綻出笑容，顯露內心的歡樂。
⒋ 識別；辨別[O5][O6][O][(+from/apart)]
I really can't tell which is which.
我實在看不出哪個是哪個。
⒌ （常用過去時）忠告，警告[Y][O2][+(that)]
I told you not to do that,and now look what's happened!
我警告過你不要乾此事，你瞧現在出事了。
⒍ 向...告發[(+on)]
不及物動詞vi.
⒈ 講述[(+of/about)]
The book tells of his sister's life in Japan.
這本書談及他妹妹在日本的生活情況。
⒉ 識別；判定
It's too early to tell.
現在要作出判斷為時過早。
⒊ 產生效果；發生影響[(+on)]
Strain began to tell on his health.
過度勞累開始影響他的健康。
⒋ 【口】告發[(+on)]
固定搭配
～+名詞
tell a falsehood〔lie〕 說謊
tell a story 講故事
tell one's beads 邊數念珠邊祈禱
tell one's experiences 訴說自己的經歷
tell sb's fate〔fortune,future〕 給某人算命
tell the difference 分辨差別
tell the soldiers 命令士兵們
tell the stars 數星星
tell the time 報時
tell the truth 說實話
tell twins 區分雙胞胎
～+副詞
tell amply 充分說明
tell artfully 機智地說
tell badly 講得很拙劣
tell bluntly 直言不諱地告訴
tell candidly 講話公正
tell complacently 自鳴得意地講
tell conclusively 最後決定
tell dispassionately 心平氣和地講述
tell effectively 有效地影響
tell exactly 確切地說出
tell fearlessly 大膽地說
tell fervently 講話熱情
tell flatly 直截了當地說
tell frankly 直率地告訴
tell genially 愉快地講述
tell gravely 嚴重泄密
tell heavily 影響很大
tell hysterically 歇斯底里地責罵
tell impressively 講話感人
tell jestingly 說話沒趣
tell much 講得充分
tell musically 聲調和諧
tell plainly 明白地告訴
tell regretfully 遺憾地說
tell reverently 敬言
tell seriously 鄭重地告訴
tell simply 簡明地講述
tell straight 直率地說
tell vividly 講述生動
tell well 講得很好
tell apart 把…區別開
tell off number 報數
～+介詞
tell about 談…的情況
tell about the game 講述那場比賽
tell about the incident 講述那件事
tell from a quick examination 迅速查清
tell the true from the false 辨別真偽
tell on health 影響健康
詞語辨析
say,speak,talk,tell
這組詞的共同含義是“說，告訴”。其區別是：say指“說出”，著重指說出具體的內容，一般用作及物動詞，後面的賓語是所說的話； speak指“說話，發言”，著重開口說話的動作，一般用作不及物動詞，其賓語通常是表示某種語言名稱的詞； talk指“講話，談論”，意思與speak相近，在一些情況下可以通用，通常talk用作不及物動詞； tell指“告訴”，是直接給對方講或以間接的方式轉訴某事，在多數情況下，tell的後面通常接雙賓語，在少數情況下可用簡單賓語。試體會下面這幾個詞的用法和含義：He had talked for a long time,but he spoke so fast that we couldn't catch what he said.他講了很長時間，但他說得太快了，我們沒聽清他講了些什麼。
Mr. Green was invited to speak〔talk〕 to us on Greek philosophy.格林先生應邀給我們講希臘哲學。 He told me the news.他告訴了我這個訊息。
He told me that he was coming.他告訴我說他就來。
正誤解析
⒈他告訴我們他通過了考試。
[誤] He told that he had passed the exam.
[正] He told us that he had passed the exam.
[析] tell後不能直接接從句表示“告知某人某事”時，須接雙賓語，即tell sb sth。
⒉老師叫我們不要吵鬧。
[誤] The teacher told us don't make any noise.
[正] The teacher told us not to make any noise.
⒊說實在話，我不太想去看演出。
[誤] Telling the truth,I'm not very interested in going to the show.
[正] To tell the truth,I'm not very interested in going to the show.
[析] to tell the truth常在句中作插入語，這是一種固定表達方式，不用分詞短語。
⒋正如我昨天告訴你的，他在會上站起來說話卻不知所云。
[誤] As I spoke to you yesterday,he got up to speak and said nothing at the meeting.
[正] As I told you yesterday,he got up to speak and said nothing at the meeting.
[析] 說出具體的內容要用動詞tell，而speak只表示說話的動作而不涉及內容。
⒌不要說謊話！
[誤] Don't say lies!
[正] Don't tell lies!
[析] say與tell相比較，只有tell才能和有祈使語氣的話連用。
⒍她說：“我要走了。”
[誤] She told，“I am leaving.”
[正] She said，“I am leaving.”
[析] tell後面一般要加說話的對象（人稱代詞），然後再加說話的內容； 而say可以直接加內容。
⒎簡和薩長得這么相像，只有她們的母親才分得清她們。
[誤] They are so alike that only their mother can tell Jane and Sar.
[正] They are so alike that only their mother can tell Jane and Sar apart.
[正] They are so alike that only their mother can tell Jane from Sar.
[析] “把…分得清楚，把…辨別開”英文用tell...from...或tell...and... apart表示。
⒏每個學生都能講述他在考試前的緊張心情。
[誤] Every student can tell his nervousness before the examinations.
[正] Every student can tell of his nervousness before the examinations.
[析] tell 作為“告訴，講述”講，用在能講完整的事物前，如story,news,truth,lie,opinion,views等時是及物動詞； 用在不能講清楚或講完整的事物前，是不及物動詞，後面要跟of或about。
⒐他告訴了我有關這所名牌大學的一些訊息。
[誤] He told me some information about this prestigious university.
[正] He gave me some information about this prestigious university.
[析] 可以說give sb information,supply〔provide〕 sb with information，但不能說tell sb information。
⒑她查看約翰的手掌，給他算命。
[誤] She inspected John's palm and said his fortune.
[正] She inspected John's palm and told his fortune.
[析] 表示“（給某人）算命”，要說 tell sb's fortune，不可以說 say sb's fortune。
