This book reviews the statutes, achievements and limitations of international criminal courts, starting with the Nuremberg and Tokyo Tribunals, and followed in the 1990s by temporary international or hybrid national/international courts as well as the creation of the permanent International Criminal Court. These courts have all been exposed to pressures and interference by national and international politics, which have affected their performance. Are they really independent from states which have created them and on which do they depend for their financing and cooperation? （原文）
