文山馬鈴苣苔

文山馬鈴苣苔（Oreocharis wenshanensis W. H. Chen & Y. M. Shui）是苦苣苔科、馬鈴苣苔屬植物。

基本介紹

• 中文名：文山馬鈴苣苔
• 拉丁學名：Oreocharis wenshanensis W. H. Chen & Y. M. Shui
• 界：植物界
• 門：被子植物門
• 綱：木蘭綱
• 目：唇形目 
• 科：苦苣苔科
• 屬：馬鈴苣苔屬
• 種：文山馬鈴苣苔

植物學史

2020年，分布於文山壯族苗族自治州境內的3個苦苣苔科植物新種正式發表，文山馬鈴苣苔為其中之一。

這些新物種是文山市國家級自然保護區管護分局與中國科學院昆明植物研究所、廣西植物研究所、中國科學院大學、安徽大學、中國苦苣苔科保育中心、桂林植物園等科研機構和大學院校長期聯合科考過程中發現的，其研究成果已發表在相關國際分類學核心期刊上。

該研究得到了國家自然科學基金、安徽省重點大學科研項目、廣西科學院科研基金和中國西南野生生物種質資源庫野生植物種質資源的調查、收集與保存項目等資金的資助。

形態特徵

Herb perennial, stemless, rhizomatous. Leaves many, basal; petiole 5–9 cm, densely pubescent; leaf blade broadly ovate, chartaceous, 5.0–9.0 × 3.7–7.0 cm, adaxially sparsely pubescent and abaxially along veins, base cordate, apex acuminate, margin biserrate, lateral veins 4–5 on each side of midrib, indistinct adaxially and distinct abaxially. Inflorescences axillary, peduncle 6–10 cm, densely pubescent; bracts narrowly oblong, ca. 0.9 × 0.2 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially sparsely pubescent, apex acuminate, margin serrate above middle and entire below middle. Inflorescences axillary, densely cymose. Peduncles 5–7 cm, pubescent; Pedicels 2.0–2.8 cm, pubescent. Calyx 6–7 mm, 5-sect from 2/3; segments equal, triangular, ca. 3 × 2 mm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially pubescent, margin serratulate. Corolla yellow, 1.5–1.6 cm long, outside pubescent and inside glabrous; tube cylindrical, gradually slightly widening from middle of tube, 0.7–1.0 cm long, ca. 0.3 cm in diam., throat not constricted; limb 2-lipped; adaxial lip smaller, ca. 3 mm long, 2-lobed, lobes oblong, apex obtuse, 1–1.5 × ca. 1.5 mm; abaxial lip larger, 4–5 mm long, 3-lobed, lobes oblong, apex acute, central lobe 4–5 × ca. 3 mm, lateral lobes ca. 3 × 3 mm. Stamens 4, coherent in 2 pairs, included, adaxial stamens ca. 2 mm, adnate to corolla tube ca. 3 mm from base, abaxial stamens ca. 4 mm, adnate to corolla tube ca. 3 mm from base; filaments tender, glabrous; anthers basifixed, oblong, 2-loculed, dehiscing longitudinally; staminode 1, 1–2 mm, adnate to corolla tube 2–3 mm from base. Disc ring-like, 1–2 mm, subentire. Pistil 2.5–6 mm, glabrous; ovary oblong, glabrous, 1–4 mm, 1-loculed; style glabrous, 1.5–2 mm; stigma 1, top retuse. Capsule straight, oblong, 1.3–1.8 cm, existing style ca. 0.2 cm. Seeds not seen.

分布範圍

文山馬鈴苣苔在文山壯族苗族自治州有分布。