《數據中心高壓供配電系統運維》是清華大學出版社於2023年8月出版的一本圖書，作者是汪俊宇、葉社文、禚思齊。
基本介紹
- 中文名：數據中心高壓供配電系統運維
- 作者：汪俊宇、葉社文、禚思齊
- 出版時間：2023年8月
- 出版社：清華大學出版社
- ISBN：9787302637899
內容簡介,適用人群,目錄,
內容簡介
本書結合了作者多年的數據中心實際工作經驗，根據高壓運維技術人員上崗的基本要求，圍繞數據中心供配電系統的電力知識和高壓系統的操作特點，由淺入深地全面講述了高壓電氣設備操作的安全要求，對高壓巡視、操作等項目做了詳細的圖文解釋。全書共分13章，包括安全生產管理、電力系統基本概念、電力變壓器、互感器、高壓電氣、高壓成套配電裝置、高壓電力線路、過電壓保護與接地裝置、繼電保護與二次迴路、變配電站安全保障、高壓開關櫃的倒閘操作、變配電站運行管理、高壓安全用具等。本書的編寫以理論知識和原理講解“實用、夠用”為原則，以職業崗位的需求和生產實際為主線，採用理論與實踐相結合的教學模式，向讀者講授供配電領域數據中心的新設備和新技術。本書內容深入淺出、循序漸進，技能訓練內容的設計貼近生產實際，力求在有限的篇幅內使讀者把握實踐操作要領，幫助讀者理解並記憶所學的專業知識，**限度地提升讀者的專業技能，為讀者終身職業生涯的發展搭建平台。
適用人群
本書詳細介紹了各類型高壓電氣的安全知識、操作技巧和運維經驗，讀者可以全面、快速地掌握數據中心高壓運維的各項作業技巧和本領。本書可作為高職高專院校電氣自動化技術、供配電技術、建築電氣工程技術和農村電氣化技術等相關專業的教學用書，也可供從事供配電運行、管理工作的工程技術人員參考使用。
目錄
第1章 安全生產管理 ······························1
1.1 安全生產相關法律法規及標準規範 ·····················1
1.1.1 《中華人民共和國安全生產法》 ·····················1
1.1.2 《特種作業人員安全技術培訓考核管理規定》 ···············3
1.2 從業人員安全生產的相關規定 ······················3
1.2.1 從業人員安全生產的權利 ·······················4
1.2.2 從業人員安全生產的義務 ························5
1.2.3 從業人員安全生產的職責 ························6
1.2.4 從業人員安全生產口訣 ·························7
第2章 電力系統概述 ·····························9
2.1 電力系統簡介 ······························9
2.1.1 發電廠 ································9
2.1.2 電力網 ································11
2.1.3 變配電所 ·······························11
2.1.4 電能用戶和電力負荷 ··························11
2.1.5 電力系統運行的特點及要求 ·······················12
2.2 供配電系統概況 ·····························12
2.2.1 電力負荷的分級 ····························12
2.2.2 各級負荷對供電電源的要求 ·······················13
2.2.3 供配電系統的構成 ···························14
2.3 電力系統的電壓 ·····························17
2.3.1 電壓高低界限的劃分 ··························17
2.3.2 用戶供配電系統電壓的選擇 ······················17
2.3.3 供電電能的技術指標 ·························18
2.4 電力系統的中性點運行方式 ························20
2.4.1 中性點不接地的運行方式 ························20
2.4.2 中性點經消弧線圈接地的運行方式 ····················22
2.4.3 中性點經電阻接地的運行方式 ······················22
2.4.4 中性點直接接地的運行方式 ·······················23
2.5 10kV變電所及其電氣主接線 ························23
2.5.1 變電所及其分類 ····························24
2.5.2 變電所主接線 ·····························24
2.5.3 變配電所一次接線圖常用的圖形符號與文字元號 ··············26
第3章 電力變壓器 ······························28
3.1 變壓器的工作原理 ····························28
3.2 變壓器的分類及結構 ···························30
3.2.1 變壓器的分類 ·····························31
3.2.2 變壓器的結構 ·····························32
3.2.3 變壓器的型號和主要技術參數 ······················37
3.2.4 變壓器的接線組別和接線方式 ······················39
3.2.5 變壓器的安裝 ·····························40
3.3 電力變壓器的運行維護 ··························42
3.3.1 油浸式變壓器的運行維護 ························42
3.3.2 乾式變壓器的運行維護 ························43
3.3.3 電力變壓器運行中應掌控的變數 ·····················45
3.3.4 變壓器運行允許溫度 ··························47
3.3.5 變壓器的並列與解列運行 ························48
3.3.6 變壓器分接開關 ····························50
3.4 變壓器的異常運行與故障分析 ·······················54
3.4.1 油浸式變壓器異常運行與故障分析 ····················54
3.4.2 乾式變壓器異常運行與故障分析 ·····················56
第4章 互感器 ································58
4.1 電流互感器 ·······························58
4.1.1 電流互感器的結構原理 ·························58
4.1.2 電流互感器的接線方式 ·························59
4.1.3 電流互感器的類型 ···························61
4.1.4 電流互感器的型號 ···························61
4.1.5 電流互感器的額定參數 ·························61
4.1.6 零序電流互感器 ····························64
4.1.7 電流互感器二次側的相關要求 ······················65
4.1.8 電流互感器常見故障分析 ························66
4.2 電壓互感器 ·······························67
4.2.1 電壓互感器的基本結構原理 ·······················67
4.2.2 電壓互感器的接線方式 ·························68
4.2.3 電壓互感器的類型和型號 ························71
4.2.4 電壓互感器的額定參數 ·························73
4.3 互感器運行中的巡視檢查和故障處理 ····················74
4.3.1 儀用互感器運行 ····························74
4.3.2 電壓互感器的熔斷器保護 ························75
4.3.3 電壓互感器的絕緣監察 ·························78
4.3.4 電壓互感器的常見故障及處理 ······················79
第5章 高壓電氣·······························81
5.1 交流電弧 ································81
5.1.1 交流電弧的形成及熄滅 ·························81
5.1.2 開關設備中常用的滅弧方法 ·······················82
5.2 高壓電氣的基礎知識 ···························83
5.2.1 高壓電氣的主要技術參數 ························83
5.2.2 高壓電氣操動機構 ···························83
5.3 高壓斷路器 ·······························84
5.3.1 高壓斷路器的分類 ···························84
5.3.2 高壓斷路器的主要技術參數 ·······················85
5.3.3 高壓真空斷路器 ····························86
5.3.4 高壓六氟化硫斷路器 ··························89
5.3.5 高壓斷路器的操動機構 ·························90
5.4 高壓負荷開關 ······························92
5.4.1 FZN25-12系列真空負荷開關 ·······················93
5.4.2 FLN36-12六氟化硫高壓負荷開關 ·····················94
5.5 高壓隔離開關 ······························95
5.5.1 隔離開關的用途及分類 ·························95
5.5.2 戶內式高壓隔離開關 ··························96
5.5.3 戶外式高壓隔離開關 ··························97
5.5.4 高壓隔離開關的安裝 ··························98
5.5.5 高壓隔離開關運行中的巡視檢查及事故處理 ················99
5.5.6 高壓隔離開關的操作順序························100
5.6 高壓熔斷器 ······························100
5.6.1 戶內式高壓熔斷器 ··························100
5.6.2 戶外式高壓熔斷器 ··························102
5.6.3 高壓熔斷器的維護 ··························104
第6章 高壓成套配電裝置 ··························107
6.1 認識高壓開關櫃····························107
6.1.1 高壓開關櫃的主要特點 ························107
6.1.2 高壓開關櫃的組成 ··························108
6.1.3 高壓開關櫃的分類 ··························108
6.2 開關櫃的常用類型 ···························109
6.2.1 GG1A-12（F）型固定式高壓開關櫃 ···················109
6.2.2 XGN2-12（Z）型固定式高壓開關櫃 ···················113
6.2.3 KYN28A-12型移開式高壓開關櫃 ····················117
6.2.4 高壓環網開關櫃 ···························122
6.3 預裝式變電站·····························126
6.3.1 組合式箱變與預裝式箱變 ·······················126
6.3.2 YB系列預裝式變電站 ·························127
6.3.3 箱式變電站的使用 ··························128
第7章 高壓電力線路 ····························129
7.1 高壓電力線路的種類 ··························129
7.1.1 高壓架空線路 ····························129
7.1.2 高壓電纜線路 ····························130
7.2 高壓架空線路的構成 ··························131
7.2.1 電桿································131
7.2.2 橫擔和拉線 ·····························133
7.2.3 絕緣子和金具 ····························134
7.2.4 導線································136
7.3 架空線路的安裝、巡視檢查與運行維護··················137
7.3.1 架空線路的安裝 ···························137
7.3.2 架空線路的巡視檢查和運行維護 ····················143
7.4 高壓電力電纜·····························144
7.4.1 高壓電力電纜的基本結構 ·······················144
7.4.2 常用高壓電力電纜的類型及適用範圍 ··················147
7.4.3 高壓電纜截面的選擇··························147
7.4.4 高壓電力電纜的敷設·························148
7.4.5 高壓電纜的連線 ··························149
7.4.6 高壓電力電纜的安全管理·······················151
第8章 過電壓保護與接地裝置 ······················154
8.1 過電壓及雷電的概念 ·························154
8.1.1 過電壓的形成 ···························154
8.1.2 雷電的危害 ····························155
8.2 防雷裝置 ······························156
8.2.1 接閃器 ······························156
8.2.2 避雷器 ······························157
8.2.3 避雷器的運行與維護 ························158
8.2.4 避雷器的主要故障分析 ·······················159
8.3 電力線路與變配電所的防雷保護 ····················160
8.3.1 10kV配電線路的防雷保護 ······················161
8.3.2 變配電所的防雷保護 ························163
8.4 接地裝置······························165
8.4.1 人工接地極的製作安裝要求 ·····················165
8.4.2 接地導體的最小截面 ························167
8.4.3 接地裝置的敷設與連線 ·······················167
8.4.4 接地裝置的檢查及測量周期 ·····················169
第9章 繼電保護與二次迴路 ························170
9.1 繼電保護的基本知識 ·························170
9.1.1 繼電保護的任務 ··························170
9.1.2 繼電保護的要求 ··························170
9.2 繼電保護的原理及常用繼電器 ····················171
9.2.1 繼電保護的基本工作原理 ······················171
9.2.2 常用繼電器····························172
9.3 10kV變配電所的繼電保護及自動裝置 ·················178
9.3.1 10kV配電系統的主要故障 ·····················178
9.3.2 10kV配電系統常用繼電保護種類 ··················178
9.3.3 10kV配電系統的保護配置······················179
9.3.4 備用電源自投裝置 ························182
9.4 微機綜合保護測控裝置 ······················182
9.4.1 微機綜合保護測控裝置的特點 ···················182
9.4.2 微機綜合保護測控裝置的基本構成 ·················183
9.4.3 微機綜合保護測控裝置的基本功能 ·················183
9.4.4 微機綜合保護測控裝置的軟體設定 ·················184
9.4.5 變配電室綜合自動化系統的基本功能 ················184
9.4.6 監控系統（後台機）可反映的內容 ·················184
9.4.7 保護裝置的運行管理 ·······················185
9.5 10kV變配電所二次迴路 ······················185
9.5.1 二次迴路概述 ··························186
9.5.2 二次迴路分類 ··························186
9.5.3 變配電室的操作電源 ·······················186
9.5.4 中央信號報警系統 ························187
9.5.5 認識二次迴路圖 ·························188
9.6 變配電所事故跳閘的分析與判斷 ···················193
9.6.1 變壓器事故跳閘的分析與判斷 ···················19
9.6.2 配電線路事故跳閘的分析與判斷 ··················193
9.6.3 其他事故跳閘信息的分析與判斷 ··················194
第10章 變配電站安全保障 ·······················195
10.1 變配電站值班人員安全管理要求 ··················195
10.1.1 變配電站值班人員應具備的素質 ·················195
10.1.2 變配電站值班人員的主要工作 ··················195
10.1.3 變配電站的負責人和值班長應具備的條件 ·············196
10.1.4 變配電站值班長和值班員的崗位職責 ···············197
10.2 變配電站工作安全保障的技術措施 ·················197
10.2.1 停電·····························197
10.2.2 驗電·····························198
10.2.3 裝設接地線 ··························199
10.2.4 懸掛標示牌和裝設臨時遮欄 ···················199
10.3 變配電站工作安全保障的制度措施 ·················200
10.3.1 工作票制度 ··························200
10.3.2 工作查活及交底制度 ······················201
10.3.3 工作許可制度 ·························201
10.3.4 工作監護制度 ·························202
10.3.5 工作間斷和工作轉移制度 ····················203
10.3.6 工作終結和送電制度 ······················203
10.4 變配電站填寫工作票的規定 ····················204
10.4.1 填寫第一種工作票的規定 ····················204
10.4.2 填寫第二種工作票的規定 ····················205
10.4.3 口頭或電話命令的工作 ·····················205
10.4.4 執行工作票的程式 ·······················206
第11章 高壓開關櫃的倒閘操作······················208
11.1 倒閘操作的基本知識 ·······················208
11.1.1 電氣設備狀態 ·························208
11.1.2 倒閘操作的目的和內容 ·····················209
11.2 倒閘操作的專用術語 ·······················209
11.2.1 電力系統設備的標準名稱 ····················209
11.2.2 電力系統的調度術語 ······················210
11.2.3 電力系統的操作術語 ······················211
11.3 變配電站倒閘操作的程式與方法 ··················212
11.3.1 倒閘操作的基本規定 ······················212
11.3.2 倒閘操作的程式 ························214
11.3.3 倒閘操作邏輯控制 ·······················216
11.4 倒閘操作票填寫的內容及操作術語舉例 ···············218
11.4.1 倒閘操作票填寫的內容及注意事項 ················218
11.4.2 倒閘操作票標準術語的套用舉例 ·················219
11.4.3 10kV及以下高低壓配電裝置的調度操作編號原則 ··········222
第12章 變配電站運行管理 ·······················225
12.1 變配電站的制度和運行維護管理··················225
12.1.1 變配電站運行管理的職能 ····················225
12.1.2 變配電站運行的主要制度 ····················226
12.1.3 變配電站的運行工作 ······················228
12.1.4 變配電站的維護工作 ······················229
12.1.5 變配電站的培訓工作 ······················230
12.2 變配電站的設備管理 ·······················230
12.2.1 設備專責制管理 ························230
12.2.2 設備缺陷管理 ·························230
12.2.3 設備檢修計畫管理 ·······················231
12.2.4 設備驗收管理 ·························232
12.2.5 變配電站設備設施的具體要求 ··················233
12.3 變配電站的資料管理 ·······················233
12.3.1 變配電站規程和規章制度的管理 ·················234
12.3.2 變配電站的技術資料 ······················234
12.3.3 變配電站電氣運行記錄 ·····················235
12.4 變配電站異常運行及事故處理 ···················236
12.4.1 配電裝置異常運行及事故處理 ··················236
12.4.2 斷路器異常運行及事故處理 ···················236
12.4.3 隔離開關異常運行及事故處理 ··················237
12.4.4 負荷開關異常運行及事故處理 ··················238
12.4.5 電力變壓器異常運行及事故處理 ·················238
12.4.6 互感器異常運行及事故處理 ···················239
12.4.7 母線、支持瓷瓶異常運行及事故處理 ···············240
第13章 高壓安全用具 ·························241
13.1 基本絕緣安全用具 ························241
13.1.1 高壓設備的基本絕緣安全用具的組成 ···············241
13.1.2 絕緣桿 ····························242
13.1.3 絕緣夾鉗 ···························243
13.1.4 高壓驗電器 ··························244
13.1.5 使用安全用具的通則 ······················246
13.2 輔助絕緣安全用具 ························246
13.2.1 絕緣手套和絕緣靴（鞋） ····················247
13.2.2 絕緣墊和絕緣台 ························248
13.3 一般防護安全用具 ························249
13.3.1 攜帶型臨時接地線 ·······················249
13.3.2 遮欄·····························251
13.3.3 標示牌 ····························252
附1 10kV中置櫃雙路市電+雙路柴發供配電運行方案 ············255
附2 10kV固定櫃雙路市電供配電運行方案 ················256
附3 10kV環網櫃雙路市電供配電運行方案 ················257
附4 倒閘操作票示例 ·························258
參考文獻 ······························267
