《攝影構圖 迅速提升照片水平的150個關鍵技法》是2022年11月人民郵電出版社出版的圖書。
基本介紹
- 中文名：攝影構圖 迅速提升照片水平的150個關鍵技法
- 作者：[日]上田晃司、河野鉄平、杉本恭子、種清豊、中川文作、並木隆、ナイスク
- 出版社：人民郵電出版社
- 出版時間：2022年11月
- ISBN：9787115427229
內容簡介,圖書目錄,作者簡介,
內容簡介
本書是眾多攝影專業人士的構圖經驗總結，通過引導讀者考慮構圖方式來挖掘其拍攝動機，並從相機的表現方法、構圖、活用案例這三個方面培養讀者的構圖意識，樹立個人的作品風格，拍攝出新穎、獨特的照片。書中不僅介紹了常規的點、線、面、圖形等構圖元素，還講述了如何將各個元素融合運用以獲得絕美攝影作品的方法。除了基本技法的介紹外，書中還精選了風光、人像、街拍、動物、靜物領域的150個實戰案例，詳盡講述了構圖在不同場景和主題中的套用。
本書適合攝影愛好者，尤其是在構圖方面遇到瓶頸的攝影愛好者參考閱讀，對於有一定經驗的攝影師，本書也同樣適用。
圖書目錄
Part 1
構圖基礎知識················ 11
[INTRO 1]
考慮如何構圖················ 12
[INTRO 2]
考慮構圖方式················14
[STEP 1]
相機的表現方法
1 橫拍/ 豎拍················ 15
2 水平拍攝/ 傾斜拍攝············17
3 聚焦拍攝/ 全景拍攝············ 18
4 從高位進行拍攝/ 從低位進行拍攝······ 19
5 變換角度進行拍攝············· 20
6 帶有構圖意識地使用三腳架·········· 21
7 更換鏡頭進行拍攝·············· 22
8 改變光圈進行拍攝·············· 24
9 調整快門速度進行拍攝············ 26
[STEP 2]
構圖
1 考慮照片主次·················28
2 加法法則···················30
3 減法法則···················32
4 四角構圖法則·················34
5 色彩法則···················36
6 考慮視線···················38
[STEP 3]
活用範例
1 活用構圖範例··················42
2 三分構圖法···················43
3 二分構圖法···················44
4 對角線構圖···················44
5 圓心構圖····················45
6 山型構圖····················45
7 垂直水平構圖··················46
8 斜線構圖····················46
9 對稱構圖····················47
10 對比構圖···················47
11 曲線構圖····················48
12 放射線構圖···················48
13 三角形構圖···················49
14 框架式構圖···················49
15 重複構圖····················50
16 點構圖·····················50
17 組合使用構圖元素················51
［實踐篇］ 攝影師的觀點 構圖流程 ①········52
［實踐篇］攝影師的觀點 構圖流程 ②········54
專欄 縱橫比與拍攝方法的不同············56
Part 2
構圖技巧實戰···················· 57
[Nature]
自然風光
1 使用放射線構圖，強調櫻花枝頭垂落的震撼感·············· 58
2 通過重複構圖法表現散落的櫻花瓣··················· 59
3 通過對比構圖發現變化，引發想像···················59
4 使用前景散景，形成框架式構圖，突出主題··············· 60
5 通過焦點和顏色兩次把畫面分割，突出花叢的華麗············61
6 通過二分法構圖塑造美感，突出主體·················· 61
7 通過曲線表現花朵的美麗·······················62
8 通過前景散景演繹出花海的感覺····················63
9 通過改變向日葵花田的面積改變給人的印象···············63
10 大膽截取山的局部，使湖面變得生動·················64
11 將山以三角形配置，營造出穩定感··················65
12 靈活截取堤壩的部分曲線，營造出不可思議的空間感··········65
13 使用三分法構圖，明確主題······················66
14 通過對比莢狀雲和樹木的剪影，營造出距離感··············67
15 通過對稱構圖表現宇宙般的氛圍·····················67
16 通過二分法和三分法構圖詮釋大海的要素················· 68
17 把水平面放在三分法參考線下部，表現出天空的高遠·············69
18 靈活利用海岸線的曲線，強調壯麗雄偉···················69
19 通過對角線構圖表現山嶽風光的動感····················70
20 通過V型構圖進一步強調山峰的存在感····················71
21 使用三分法構圖表現宏大風景的層次感···················71
22 通過山型構圖的穩定感刻畫瀑布的魄力···················72
23 通過流水的曲線表現溪流的清涼感·····················73
24 使用斜線構圖形成對比，表現出水的流動··················73
25 利用放射線構圖捕捉枝繁葉茂的場景····················74
26 通過山型構圖使木質建築物和紅葉形成對比·················75
27 靈活使用重複和曲線構圖表達落葉之美···················75
28 通過對角線構圖突出主角的存在感·····················76
29 通過將葉片的排列組成圖案產生規律感···················77
30 通過相反的顏色進一步突出紅葉的色調···················77
31 利用三分法構圖拍攝夕陽美景·······················78
32 使用山型構圖將只有天空和樹木的風景變得鮮明···············79
33 巧妙地利用點綴反襯雲彩的壯美······················79
34 利用冰瀑的動感姿態營造出規律感·····················80
35 使用垂直構圖，對焦拍攝冰棱的黑白世界················81
36 通過斜線和重複構圖表現冬季田埂的廣袤··················81
37 通過對角線和三分法構圖營造動與靜····················82
38 從低角度拍攝使雪花如同波浪一般 ····················83
39 通過三角形構圖拍攝河流，表現兩岸的寬廣·················83
40 用廣角鏡頭和放射線構圖強調光影的延伸··················84
41 去掉多餘元素，強調影子的存在感·····················85
42 通過三分法構圖營造曲線穩定之美·····················85
43 使用山型構圖讓引導視線在山脊中移動···················86
44 通過二分法構圖進一步強調雪景的壯美···················87
45 使用二分法構圖引導視線到主角······················87
[Animal]
動物
46 利用斜線引導視線····························88
47 使用廣角鏡頭表現出貓咪獨特的柔美····················89
48 用好圓心構圖法，活用背景························89
49 使用二分法構圖強調貓咪的睡姿······················90
50 使用二分法構圖突出身體的局部······················91
51 適當模糊周圍刻畫熱鬧市場中的貓咪····················91
52 使用放射線構圖強調狗的存在·······················92
53 使用二分法和三分法構圖表現出環境的美好·················93
54 使用二分法構圖同時刻畫主角和背景····················93
55 使用對角線構圖和前景散景來強調蝴蝶···················94
56 在拍攝物體面對的方向留下空間，營造出展翅欲飛的效果·······················95
57 使用對角線構圖中的動線營造動感································95
58 注意四個角落的空間，表現出動物的氣勢·····························96
59 通過樹葉和貓頭鷹的對比演繹出隱藏在茂密林間的風光·······················97
60 截取身體線條凸顯出橫紋的美好·································97
61 模糊背景，使用三分法構圖突出主角·······························98
62 通過圓心構圖和框架式構圖突出面部特徵·····························99
63 截取身體線條表現兇猛氣勢···································99
64 通過穩定頭部曲線展現優雅···································100
65 通過山型構圖展現出羽毛的舒展·································101
66 留意企鵝臉部的位置並留出空間·································101
67 通過圓心構圖和對比構圖表達出鯊魚的巨大····························102
68 水母重複出現營造出如夢如幻的空間·······························103
69 通過圓心構圖和黑白色調強調鯊魚的造型·····························103
70 通過三分法和二分法構圖使風景更加穩定·····························104
71 羊群重複出現引導視線向遠處移動································105
72 使用圓心構圖配合背景演繹出不可思議的空間感··························105
[Portrait]
人物
73 使用廣角鏡頭對比牛和小孩···································106
74 使用框架式構圖進一步強調女孩的表情······························107
75 通過平緩的斜線構圖表現出照片的柔美······························107
76 傾斜畫面表現出卡丁車的速度感·································108
77 低角度仰拍記錄天空，表現出高遠的感覺·····························109
78 靈活利用曲線和立體感演繹出歡快氛圍······························109
79 傾斜畫面進行拍攝，強調孩子的活潑·······························110
80 通過圓心構圖法強調孩子活潑的表情和動作····························111
81 採用低角度捕捉孩子自然的表情·································111
82 通過垂直水平構圖拍攝人物特寫·································112
83 採用高角度俯拍捕捉孩子的成熟·································113
84 通過平緩的山型構圖營造出穩定感································113
85 採用豎向拍攝，有效利用背景空間································114
86 通過三分法構圖營造寂寥的氛圍·································115
87 通過加法構圖拍攝街道風格···································115
88 通過三分法和放射線構圖表現自然的表情·····························116
89 通過逆光和低角度拍攝出寂寥的氛圍·······························117
90 通過三分法構圖突出服裝這一主題································117
91 通過放射線構圖使照片演繹出故事感·······························118
92 通過二分法構圖突出女性形象，激發觀眾想像力··························119
93 為了突出女性形象，創造出框景效果·······························119
94 通過斜線構圖突出女性存在感··································120
95 使用廣角鏡頭，通過低角度拍攝出女性時尚魅力··························121
96 通過二分法構圖，利用對比效果大膽表現女性···························121
[City & Town]
街拍
97 通過放射線構圖表現小巷的氛圍·································122
98 通過對稱構圖突出穩定的氛圍··································123
99 通過二分法構圖平衡主角和背景的關係······························123
100 通過斜線構圖表現環境的廣闊·································124
101 通過二分法構圖，使用長焦鏡頭拍攝列車穿行花田的場景·····················125
102 通過點構圖演繹出列車駛過後的恬靜氣氛····························125
103 通過三角形構圖營造出明快的空間·······························126
104 通過二分法構圖，均衡布置場景讓人對紅色牆壁印象深刻·····················127
105 通過低位拍攝和放射線構圖表現出大廈的高峻··························127
106 留意四角的要素，使照片擁有繪畫般效果····························128
107 考慮畫面的平衡，突出水滴的主角地位·····························129
108 通過曲線構圖表現水中倒影··································129
109 通過對角線和對比構圖突出街道的模樣·····························130
110 通過對稱構圖的穩定性表現街道的活力·····························131
111 盡**大可能利用光影形成的線條································131
112 活用曲線構圖，表達躍動感··································132
113 使用水平的山型構圖表現建築物的穩定·····························133
114 利用放射線狀分布的火燒雲表現寂寥氛圍····························133
115 增加配角，調整畫面平衡···································134
116 將主角安排在三分法的交點位置，通過斜線構圖營造出動感····················135
117 通過曲線和放射線構圖演繹出不可思議的異度空間························135
118 通過放射線構圖強調不斷筆直延伸的道路····························136
119 使用框景效果突出露珠的可愛·································137
120 通過圓心構圖使自然形成的空間讓人印象深刻··························137
121 將拍攝對象組成三角形，營造畫面的深度····························138
122 通過對稱構圖靈活表現圖案之美································139
123 通過三分法構圖**大程度發揮影子效果·····························139
124 通過廣角鏡頭和圓心構圖強調汽車的存在感···························140
125 將車置於寬闊的背景之下，向觀眾傳遞該場景··························141
126 通過直線裝飾條，突出邊緣、強調車身曲線···························141
[Table photo & Interior]
靜物裝飾景
127 使用三分法構圖的交點來突出菜餚·······························142
128 通過桌面上的線條引導觀眾視線關注水果的形狀·························143
129 靈活使用曲線構圖表現菜餚的美味·······························143
130 大膽取捨，表現食物的質感··································144
131 有意識地布置照片元素，刻畫出身臨其境之感··························145
132 利用交叉的構圖參考線使食物讓人印象深刻···························145
133 通過形狀與色彩的對比演繹出甜點的華麗····························146
134 使用三角形構圖安排蛋糕的位置······························147
135 使用色彩和斜線構圖營造動感，演繹流行元素··························147
136 通過平滑的線條表現雜物的可愛································148
137 利用三角形構圖和四角原則表現樂趣······························149
138 俯拍出照片的立體感並烘托熱鬧景象······························149
139 使用二分法構圖演繹歷史感··································150
140 留意物體的水平，使目光聚焦在正常的主題上··························151
141 通過俯拍強調拍攝物體的曲線，使其更加立體··························151
142 使用三角形構圖表現燈具曲線的動感效果····························152
143 使用對角線構圖表現圖片中直線交錯的效果···························153
144 通過圓心構圖和對稱構圖強調光影·······························153
145 靈活使用斜線表達出房間氛圍·································154
146 利用書架的斜線線條增強照片立體感······························155
147 通過白色牆壁的線條與家具的對比增強存在感··························155
148 使用S 曲線突出玫瑰的美麗··································156
149 靈活使用散景效果強調花的美好氛圍······························157
150 通過圓心構圖和流行手法強調花朵特徵·····························157
名詞解釋············································158
作者簡介············································162
作者簡介
上田晃司（うえだ·こうじ）：留學美國舊金山學習攝影及攝像的同時，參與過電視節目、CM和視頻的製作。回國後擔任攝影家塙真一的助手，後作為自由攝影師出道。以為雜誌撰稿、拍攝廣告照片為主。將在世界各地拍攝作為畢生事業。近年還舉辦演講並開始著書。Nikon College講師。
河野鐵平（こうの·てっぺい）：1976年出生於東京。明治學院大學畢業後，師從攝影師TERAUCHI MASATO。參與寫真雜誌《PHaT PHOTO》的創刊。2003年獨立工作。著作有《享受相機和攝影的**佳教科書》（MdN）、《時尚照片的拍攝教程》（玄光社MOOK）等。
杉本恭子（すぎもと·きょうこ）：出生於東京，原來在大型IT企業擔任系統工程師，之後師從攝影家竹內敏信。作品入選很多攝影比賽，經常被報紙和雜誌採用。近年的著作有《我的攝影入門》（文藝社Visual Art）。**近在東京和名古屋多次開辦攝影教室和攝影交流會。日本攝影師協會會員。日本攝影協會會員。日本攝影治癒法協會理事。
種清豐（たねきよ·ゆたか）：1982 年出生於大阪。從京都產業大學外國語學部德語專業畢業後，師從攝影家竹內敏信。擔任了3年助手後，2007 年開始作為自由攝影師出道。在寫真教室授課以及進行商品攝影、在專業攝影雜誌、網路上刊登照片有關的文章。Canon EOS 學園講師。NPO法人 PCC俱樂部講師。日本攝影學院講師。
中川文作（なかがわ· ぶんさく）：1983 年出生於茨城縣。東京攝影學園畢業後，在Studio 60 工作。辭職後擔任攝影師中島繁樹的助手，2008 年作為自由攝影師出道。雜誌、廣告、人物攝影為主，在很多領域都非常活躍。
並木隆（なみき· たかし）：1971 年出生於東京。高中在校時結識攝影家丸林正則。從東京攝影專業學園（現：東京Visual Art’s）退學後，成為自由攝影師。現在為很多雜誌供稿，並且在Canon EOS學園等很多攝影教室中擔任講師。主要是以花為主題進行創作。日本自然科學攝影協會會員、日本攝影家協會會員。
