廣義相對論：黑洞、引力波和宇宙學介紹

《廣義相對論：黑洞、引力波和宇宙學介紹》是2021年哈爾濱工業大學出版社出版的圖書。

基本介紹

• 中文名：廣義相對論：黑洞、引力波和宇宙學介紹
• 作者：(澳)麥可·J.W.霍爾
• 出版社：哈爾濱工業大學出版社
• 出版時間：2021年
• 頁數：144 頁
• 開本：16 開
• 裝幀：平裝
• ISBN：9787560394381

內容簡介

廣義相對論是描述物質間引力相互作用的理論，其基礎由愛因斯坦於1915年完成，1916年正式發表，這一理論首次把引力場解釋成時空的彎曲。本書從對狹義相對論和張量的回顧開始，擴展到廣義相對論的基本要素以及廣義相對論在光的引力偏轉、全球定位系統、黑洞、引力波和宇宙學中的套用。編寫本書的目的是使讀者對基本的物理概念有很好的理解，培養一種可以欣賞並在許多情況下推導出相關理論的重要套用的能力，為希望在該領域進行進一步研究的讀者打下堅實的基礎。本書適合物理及相關專業師生使用，也適合物理愛好者參考閱讀。

圖書目錄

Preface

About the author

List of symbols

1 Concepts in special relativity

1.1 Galilean relativity

1.2 Inertial frames

1.3 Special relativity

1.4 Velocity addition, length contraction, and time dilation

1.5 Questions

References

2 Tensors in relativity

2.1 Motivation

2.2 General tensors and their basic properties

2.3 Lorentz tensors

2.4 Example: 4-momentum and force

2.5 Example: Doppler effect

2.6 Questions

Reference

3 The equivalence principle and local inertial frames

3.1 Inertial versus gravitational mass

3.2 Einstein's equivalence principle

3.3 Local inertial frames

3.4 Questions

References

4 The motion of freely falling particles in general relativity

4.1 Local inertial frames and the geodesic equation

4.2 The metric tensor

4.3 Gravity as geometry

4.4 The Newtonian limit

4.5 Questions

5 The Schwarzschild metric and black holes

5.1 Spherical symmetry and the Schwarzschild metric

5.2 Geodesics in spherically symmetric spacetimes

5.3 Particle geodesics in a Schwarzschild spacetime

5.4 Deflection of light by the Sun

5.5 Falling into a black hole

5.6 Questions

References

6 Tensors and geometry

6.1 Covariant derivatives

6.2 Basic properties of covariant derivatives

6.3 Riemann and Ricci tensors

6.4 Symmetries and Bianchi identities

6.5 Questions

Reference

7 Einstein's field equations

7.1 Overview

7.2 Energy-momentum tensor and conservation laws

7.2.1 Conservation of electric charge

7.2.2 Conservation of energy-momentum

7.2.3 The energy-momentum tensor

7.3 The field equations for general relativity

7.4 The cosmological constant

7.5 Questions

References

8 Solving the field equations: vacuum solutions

8.1 The vacuum field equations

8.2 The Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution

8.2.1 Vacuum field equations for static spherically symmetric

metrics

8.2.2 Deriving the Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric

8.3 Gravitational waves

8.3.1 Weak-field approximation

8.3.2 Harmonic gauge

8.3.3 Plane waves and polarisation

8.3.4 Detection of gravitational waves

8.4 Questions

References

9 Solving the field equations: cosmological solutions

9.1 The cosmological principle

9.2 The Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric

9.2.1 Checking homogeneity and isotropy

9.2.2 Galaxies, distances, and the cosmological redshift

9.3 Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universes

9.3.1 A perfect (fluid) world

9.3.2 Local conservation of energy and momentum

9.3.3 Cosmic microwave background

9.3.4 Our accelerating Universe

9.4 Questions

References

Appendices

A Derivation of Lorentz transformations

B Derivation of Einstein's field equations

C Remarks on selected questions

編輯手記