寫作160篇

書籍特點

“作文難，難於上青天！苦思冥想難為句，東拼西湊不成篇……”對於基礎薄弱考生而言，應該沒有哪個題型比寫作更讓人頭疼了。常常是模板背了一大堆，範文背了幾十篇，到了考場上，卻依然無從下筆。為了幫助基礎薄弱考生攻克寫作難題，我們經過十餘年的不斷探索和持續創新，精心打磨出這本“英語（一）基礎薄弱考生專用”的《寫作160篇》。它能幫助考生在系統夯實寫作基礎和全面熟悉可考話題的基礎上，實現考研作文的大幅提分！

一、系統夯實寫作基礎

提到英語基礎，很多人腦海中都會出現“辭彙”和“語法”這兩個關鍵字。那么，辭彙量豐富，語法功底深厚，就肯定能寫出高分作文嗎？換句話說，基礎不好，只要專攻辭彙和語法，就能在寫作方面有所突破嗎？經過我們多年來乃厚櫻的廣泛調研和深入分析，可以斷定，辭彙和語法並非“基礎薄弱考生難以攻克寫作難題”的癥結所在。原因無他，只因“英語基礎≠寫作基礎”！

那么，寫作的基礎到底是什麼呢？對於這一疑問，《寫作160篇》經過系統梳理和層層圈定，創新性地為基礎薄弱考生界定了考研英語（一）的寫作基礎——兆茅—800個寫作高分辭彙+5大英語基礎句型+6大考研經典模板+3大思路突破定律+36條語言突破法則。我們建議考生按照如下順序複習：

（一）速記800個寫作高分辭彙

辭彙是考研英語作文的基本單位，是文章意義的主要承擔者。英語寫作水平的高低在很大程度上取決於辭彙使用的準確性和靈活性。而大多數考生在複習時，僅將精力用於識記考研英語大綱辭彙上，忽視了“大綱辭彙≠寫作辭彙”這一事實，因而陷入“單詞記了5000+，寫作文時仍不知該用哪些辭彙表達”的困境。

對此，本書精心篩選了約800個考研英語（一）寫作高分辭彙，以期只才膠求幫助考生打破“無詞可寫、用詞單一”的窘境。值得一提的是，對於這800個辭彙，本書還從“題材”和“詞性”兩大維度入手，對其進行了系統分類，以便考生在寫作時快速準確地調用。具體而言，按照題材記憶，有利於考生在看到某一話題時，迅速在大腦中搜尋與該話題相關的糠譽婚辭彙；而按照詞性記憶，則有利於考生在具體創作時，寫出合乎語法規範、表意準確無誤的句子。

（二）搞定5大英語基礎句型

很多考生在剛開始複習寫作時，就致力於寫出“結構多變、句式豐富”的文章。但是，假如你的基礎並不紮實，則很可能會弄巧成拙，導致“錯誤滿篇，分數低下”。因此，我們建議基礎薄弱的考生在速記高分辭彙之後，先學會運用5大英語基礎句型進行寫作，然後再逐步豐富文章的語法結構和寫作句式。

（三）熟背6大考研經典模板

“背了好多辭彙和句型，就是不知怎樣將其組織成一篇完整的文章。”———這是絕大多數基礎薄弱考生在複習時遇到的又一難題。而背誦模板無疑能讓考生快速走出這一困境。簡而言之，模板能夠迎詢煉幫助考生具化寫作思路，建立寫作框架，使其在短時間內迅速將零散的寫作素材有機地組織起來，形成一篇“雄牛己永思路清晰，框架完整”的考研英語作文。

為了減輕考生的記憶負擔，本書對歷年考研英語（一）真題進行了系統分析，發現短文寫作均可歸於6大主題。針對每一類型主題，編者均提供了2個模板，考生可根據自身情況選擇初級模板或升級模板進行背誦，以快速脫離無從下筆之窘境。

（四）掌握3大思路突破定律

不可否認，模板對於基礎薄弱考生有著非常重大的意義和價值。但是，只有突破模板故酷設，消除閱卷老師的“審美疲勞”，你的作文才有可能獲取高分。為了幫助考生從巨觀思路上擺脫模板框架的約束，本書創造性地歸納出了“3大思路突破定律”，以推動文章實現“結構由單一到全面”“要點由部分到完整”“深度由表象到內里”三方面的提升。

（五）巧用36條語言突破法則

若想大幅提分，考生還應在微觀語言上有所突破，因為富於變化的句式往往能夠快速引起閱卷老師的關注。對此，本書層層篩選真題句式，最終敲定“36條語言突破法則”，以指導考生將枯燥乏味的句子變得飽滿生動，跌宕起伏。

二、全面熟悉可考話題

“系統夯實寫作基礎”是基礎薄弱考生突破寫作、大幅提分的必經之路，但除此之外，考生還需通過集中訓練所有可考話題來實現考研英語作文的質變飛躍。針對考生的這一訴求，本書“全面涵蓋可考話題”，涉及命題可能觸及的各種題材，創下了14次命中真題作文的驕人記錄。另外，為了幫助考生節約複習時間，本書將160篇範文按照話題的重要程度分為3類，以滿足基礎薄弱考生不同階段的複習需求。

（一）32篇真題背誦範文

本書全面涵蓋了自2005年以來的所有考研英語（一）寫作真題（共32篇），運用始創的“三步作文法”和“兩步作文法”，分別為短文和套用文配備了高水準的範文，並對之進行了深度解讀。其中，在短文寫作的第三步和套用文寫作的第二步中，我們運用語言突破法則，對上一步的範文進行了“逐句突破”。通過反覆揣摩和背誦，考生可全面把握歷年真題寫作的命題規律，深入掌握“逐級提升”的寫作方法。

（二）40篇重點預測範文

歷經數十輪的科學論證和系統篩選，本書為考生科學圈定了“40篇重點預測話題”，在很大程度上壓縮了當年可考重點話題的範圍。本書所選定的這些話題緊扣命題趨勢，符合時代旋律。同時，經過編者的仔細修改和反覆潤色，這些範文凸顯出思路清晰、論證充分、銜接有度和語言精美等特點，考生可在考前進行重點複習。

（三）88篇快速瀏覽範文

為了幫助考生拓寬視野，擴充寫作素材，編者還精心篩選了有可能會考到的88個社會熱點話題。複習時間不足的考生可以根據自己的實際情況和理性判斷，挑選一部分話題進行練習———考生既可以挑選自己相對薄弱的話題，也可以挑選自己認為比較重要的話題。

選對了書籍，就成功了一半。相信這本《寫作160篇》能夠幫助基礎薄弱的你大幅提分，早日上岸，踏進夢想中的高校！

書籍目錄

第一部分寫作基礎
第一章考研寫作概述····························································2
第一節寫作概論··································································2
第二節高分辭彙··································································6
第三節經典句式 ·································································27
第四節段落速成 ·································································30
第五節寫作常見錯誤···························································42
第二章考研寫作經典模板總結（突破高分）······························48
第一節短文寫作經典模板······················································48
第二節套用文寫作經典模板 ··················································55
第三章考研寫作經典模板突破（衝刺滿分）······························66
第一節3大思路突破定律······················································66
第二節36條語言突破法則···················································71

第二部分真題寫作32篇
第一章短文寫作16篇·························································88
第一節歷年真題短文寫作分類和命題趨勢預測···························88
第二節歷年真題短文寫作（2005－2020）······················91
2005年真題作文··········································91
2006年真題作文··········································96
2007年真題作文··········································103
2008年真題作文··········································109
2009年真題作文··········································115
2010年真題作文··········································122
2011年真題作文··········································128
2012年真題作文··········································135
2013年真題作文 ··········································141
2014年真題作文··········································147
2015年真題作文··········································153
2016年真題作文··········································160
2017年真題作文··········································167
2018年真題作文··········································174
2019年真題作文··········································180
2020年真題作文 ··········································186
第二章套用文寫作16篇 ·····································193
第一節歷年真題套用文寫作分類和規律總結··············193
第二節歷年真題套用文寫作（2005－2020）··195
2005年真題作文··········································195
2006年真題作文·········································· 198
2007年真題作文··········································201
2008年真題作文··········································204
2009年真題作文··········································207
2010年真題作文··········································211
2011年真題作文··········································214
2012年真題作文 ··········································217
2013年真題作文··········································221
2014年真題作文··········································224
2015年真題作文··········································227
2016年真題作文··········································230
2017年真題作文··········································233
2018年真題作文··········································236
2019年真題作文··········································239
2020年真題作文 ··········································243

第三部分重點預測40篇
第一章短文寫作30篇······························248
第一節正能量弘揚型·································248
1．工匠精神··········································248
2．對社會冷漠說“不”·······························249
3．保護名勝古蹟····································251
4．文化綜藝弘揚傳統文化························253
5．綠色出行··········································254
第二節負能量批判型·································256
6．如此證明 ·········································256
7．中國傳統文化的缺失···························258
8．霧霾················································260
9．校園霸凌··········································261
10．拖延症··········································263
第三節利弊參半分析型······························265
1．二孩政策··········································265
12．跨文化傳播····································267
13．網路輿論·······································268
14．人工智慧的利與弊···························270
15.網路直播 ···········································272
第四節對立觀點選擇型······························273
16．學歷與能力 ····································273
17．渴求與自滿·····································275
18．考研與就業·····································277
19．注重結果與注重過程·························278
20．內在美還是外在美 ····························280
第四節人生哲理提煉型································282
21．今生我不可替代································282
22．遇事不抱怨······································283
23．成功是一座冰山································285
24．每天進步一點點································287
25．學會靈活變通···································289
第五節社會問題解決型································290
26．打開心門，擁抱生活··························290
27．如何與家人溝通································292
28．4－2－1家庭模式··························294
29．老齡化社會的醫療·····························295
30．繁重的家庭作業 ·······························297
第二章套用文寫作10篇·····························300
第一節建議信··········································300
第二節邀請信··········································301
第三節申請信··········································302
第四節感謝信··········································304
第五節道歉信··········································305
第六節辭職信··········································306
第七節推薦信··········································307
第八節祝賀信··········································309
第九節投訴信··········································310
第十節通知············································311

第四部分快速瀏覽88篇
第一章短文寫作78篇 ······························314
第一節正能量弘揚型··································314
1．團結互助············································314
2．旅遊促進對文化的理解··························314
3．低碳生活············································315
4．光碟行動············································315
5．經驗之談············································316
6．勇於突破困境······································316
7．創新··················································317
8．與友同行············································318
9．獨立思考············································318
11．讀書的重要性···································319
第二節負能量批判型···································319
11．不文明行為·········································319
12．旁觀者效應······································320
13．襲醫事件·········································320
14．論文剽竊·········································321
15．保護我們的家園································321
16．拒絕酒駕·········································322
17．明星代言·········································323
18．踐踏誠信·········································323
19．責任···············································324
20．網路暴力·········································324
21．啃老族············································325
22.維護公共衛生的意識·······························325
第三節利弊參半分析型································326
23．巧用壓力·········································326
24．看景還是看人···································327
25．轉基因食品······································327
26．老外過春節······································328
27．網路語言·········································328
第四節對立觀點選擇型·······························329
28．大學生擇業 ·····································329
29．選擇自己的方向································330
30．金錢與知識······································330
31．理想與現實······································331
32．百度作業·········································331
33．外貌與能力······································332
34．紙質書與電子書································332
第五節人生哲理提煉型·······························333
35．人生沒有過不去的坎··························333
36．正確的方向是成功的前提····················334
37．信仰的力量······································334
38．信念的高度決定人生的高度·················335
39．得與失············································335
40．苦盡甘來·········································336
41．幸福在哪裡······································336
42．正視自己·········································337
43．從小事做起······································338
44．如何把握機遇···································338
45．讚揚的力量······································339
46．牽著時光的手···································339
47．真正的贏家······································340
48．陽光與陰影······································340
49．雄心···············································341
50．毅力與恆心 ·····································342
第六節社會問題解決型 ·······························342
51．養老金虧空 ······································342
52．教育的公平·······································343
53．安全第一··········································343
54．你陪我長大，我陪你變老·····················344
55．空巢老人··········································344
56．擁擠的蟻穴·······································345
57．信用卡泛濫·······································346
58．珍惜水資源·······································346
59．國際旅遊與文化衝突···························347
60．食品安全··········································347
61．年輕人交友·······································348
62．低頭族·············································348
63．個人信息泄露····································349
64．網購················································350
65．微信朋友圈·······································350
66．面試困境··········································351
67．大學生求職·······································351
68．青少年犯罪·······································352
69．過度城市化·······································353
70．有其父必有其子·································353
71．大學生心理健康·································354
72．把自立寄回家····································354
73．留守兒童··········································355
74．灰色假期··········································355
75．走出教育的誤區·································356
76．溺愛················································357
77．因材施教··········································357
78．旅遊景點宰客 ···································358
第二章套用文寫作10篇······························359
第一節請求信 ·············································359
第二節建議信··············································359
第三節致辭·················································360
第四節信息廣告············································360
第五節私人信函············································361
第六節備忘錄···············································361
第七節電子郵件············································362
第八節求職信···············································363
第九節啟事 ················································363
第十節訂購信·············································364

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